One Fate for Righteous and Wicked in Tanchuma Vaetchanan

Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Vaetchanan 1:1

(Deuteronomy 3:23:) "And I besought the LORD," etc. This is what Scripture says (Job 9:22): "It is all one; therefore I say, He destroys the innocent and the wicked." Moses said: Master of the World, all are equal before You; there is one decree for the righteous and for the wicked. And Solomon likewise said (Ecclesiastes 9:2): "All things come alike to all; there is one fate for the righteous and for the wicked, for the good and the clean and the unclean, for the one who sacrifices and for the one who does not sacrifice; as is the good, so is the sinner; the one who swears, as is the one who fears an oath." "For the righteous" — this is Noah. Rabbi Pinchas, in the name of Rabbi Yochanan, in the name of Rabbi Elazar son of Rabbi Yose the Galilean: When Noah went out of the ark, the lion struck him and injured him, and he was unfit to offer a sacrifice; so Shem his son offered in his place. "For the wicked" — this is Pharaoh Necho. When he sought to sit upon Solomon's throne, he did not know its mechanism, and the lion that was on the throne struck him and injured him. This one died lame and that one died lame. "For the good" — this is Moses, as it is said (Exodus 2:2): "And she saw him, that he was good" — for he was born circumcised. "For the clean" — this is Aaron, who purifies the iniquities of Israel. "For the unclean" — these are the spies. These spoke the disgrace of the Land of Israel, and these spoke the praise of the Land of Israel; these did not enter, and these did not enter. "For the one who sacrifices" — this is Josiah, as it is said (II Chronicles 35:7): "And Josiah gave to the lay people of the flock, lambs," etc. "And for the one who does not sacrifice" — this is Ahab, who abolished the offerings from upon the altar. But is it not written (II Chronicles 18:2): "And Ahab slaughtered for him sheep and oxen"? "For him" — for a feast, and not for offerings. This one died by arrows, as it is written (II Chronicles 35:23): "And the archers shot at King Josiah"; and that one died by arrows, as it is written (I Kings 22:34): "And a certain man drew his bow in his innocence." "As is the good" — this is David, as it is said (I Samuel 16:12): "With beautiful eyes and goodly to look upon." "So is the sinner" — this is Nebuchadnezzar, as it is written (Daniel 4:24): "Redeem your sin by righteousness." This one built the Temple and reigned forty years, and that one destroyed the Temple and reigned forty years. "The one who swears" — this is Zedekiah, of whom it is written (II Chronicles 36:13): "And he also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God." What was his rebellion? Zedekiah found Nebuchadnezzar eating a live hare. Nebuchadnezzar said to Zedekiah: Swear to me that you will not reveal it. He swore to him. In the end he was distressed in himself; he had his oath absolved, and he told it. To the five kings whom Nebuchadnezzar had set to rule over them: the other kings heard, and they despised him, and they were saying to him: This is the ruler of the earth, who eats a live hare! Nebuchadnezzar heard, and he sent to bring the Sanhedrin and Zedekiah. He said to them: Have you seen what Zedekiah has done to me? He said to them: I had my oath absolved. He said to the Sanhedrin: Does one absolve an oath? They said to him: One absolves it for danger to life. He said to them: When? They said to him: On that same day. In his presence or not in his presence? They said to him: In his presence. And what is the reason you did not say so to Zedekiah? Immediately (Lamentations 2:10): "The elders of the daughter of Zion sit upon the ground and are silent." Rabbi Yitzchak said: They drew out the bolsters and cushions from beneath them. "As is the one who fears an oath" — this is Samson, as it says (Judges 15:12): "And Samson said to them: Swear to me, lest you fall upon me yourselves." From here that he feared an oath. This one died by the gouging of eyes and that one died by the gouging of eyes. This one died by the gouging of eyes, as it is said (II Kings 25:7): "And he put out the eyes of Zedekiah." This was one of seven who resembled Adam the first man. Zedekiah, in his eyes: they thrust into him spears of iron, and his eyes were not blinded until they slaughtered his sons before his eyes, as it is said (Jeremiah 39:6): "And the king of Babylon slaughtered," etc. And Samson died by the gouging of eyes, as it is said (Judges 16:21): "And the Philistines seized him and put out his eyes."

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