Why Judah Alone Spoke for Benjamin as Surety

Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Vayigash 4:1

Another interpretation of "And Judah drew near unto him" (Genesis 44:18). This is what Scripture says: "My son, if you have become surety for your neighbor" and so forth; "you are snared by the words of your mouth" and so forth; "do this now, my son, and deliver yourself" (Proverbs 6:1, 2, 3). Joseph said to Judah: Why do you multiply words? I observe that there are men greater than you standing here, and they are not speaking. Is not Reuben greater than you? Are not Simeon and Levi greater than you? Yet they are not speaking. So why do you multiply words? He said to him: Of all these, there is not one of them who is concerned about him, except for me myself, for I am the surety, as it is said, "I myself will be surety for him" (Genesis 43:9). And so I said to my father, that if I do not bring him to you and set him before you, then I am sinning before you in two worlds, in this world and in the world to come, as it is said, "if I do not bring him to you, then I shall have sinned against my father all the days" (Genesis 44:32). Therefore I lay down my life for him. Why? "My son, if you have become surety for your neighbor" and so forth.

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