The Sacred Anointing Oil and Its Measures

Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 387:4

(Exodus 30:22-33) 'And you, take for yourself the finest spices.' Where is Mordecai hinted at in the Torah? As it is said, 'And you, take for yourself the finest spices, flowing myrrh' [mar deror], which we render in the Aramaic as 'pure myrrh' [mari dakhi]. Our masters taught: one who compounds the oil in order to learn its method, or in order to hand it over to the community, is exempt. To anoint oneself with it, he is liable. And one who anoints himself with it is exempt, for one is liable only for anointing with the anointing oil that Moses made alone. The Master said: to learn its method or to hand it over to the community he is exempt. From where do we know this? It is derived: its formula from 'in its formula' of the incense. Concerning the oil it is written, 'upon the flesh of a person it shall not be poured, and in its formula you shall not make any like it'; and concerning the incense it is written, 'and the incense which you shall make,' meaning it is forbidden for you, but to hand it over to the community he is exempt; so too with the oil, to hand it over to the community he is exempt. Our masters taught: the anointing oil, flowing myrrh five hundred, cassia five hundred, fragrant cinnamon five hundred, and aromatic cane two hundred and fifty, so that all of them total one thousand seven hundred and fifty. Rav Papa said to Abaye: when he weighs, does he weigh with a tilt of the scale or exactly even? He said to him: it is written 'measure for measure,' and you say with a tilt? He said to him: but did not Rabbi Yehudah say the Omnipresent knows the exact balances? He said to him: this is what is meant: why does Scripture bring the cinnamon in two portions of two hundred and fifty each? To teach that there is a tilt to the scale in it, and the Omnipresent knows the balances. Our masters taught: the oil that Moses made in the wilderness, in it they boiled the roots, the words of Rabbi Yehudah. Rabbi Yose said to him: to anoint the roots, there was not even enough. Rather, how did they make it? He brought the roots and soaked them in water, then floated the oil over them, and it absorbed the fragrance, and he wiped it off. Rabbi Yehudah said: was only one miracle done with the anointing oil? Many miracles were done with it from beginning to end. At its beginning it was only twelve log, and with it were anointed the Tabernacle and all its vessels, Aaron and his sons throughout all seven days of consecration, and with it were anointed the high priests and the kings, and all of it endures for the time to come, as it is said, 'this shall be for Me a holy anointing oil throughout your generations'; the word 'this' [zeh] equals twelve in gematria, that is twelve log.

Themes