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Esther Left Haman's Body on the Gallows Past Nightfall

Haman and his ten sons hung on the timber he had cut for Mordecai. Night was coming. Esther told the court the bodies would stay.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. Haman Walked Like a Mourner
  2. The Gallows Already Stood
  3. The Scholars Wanted Them Down
  4. Esther Named Saul's Debt
  5. The Bodies Stayed
Esther Left Haman's Body on the Gallows Past Nightfall Click for full size

Haman Walked Like a Mourner

Haman went to the royal treasure rooms with his head bowed and his knees knocking. King Ahasuerus had ordered him to honor Mordecai in the streets, the same man whose people Haman had already signed for death.

"The man who saved the life of the king deserves to have his name put on the coin of the realm. Nevertheless, these honors must thou show unto him," the king said.

Haman tried to trade the honor for a recall of the edicts. "Writings have gone out to destroy the nation he belongs to. Recall them rather than I should do him this honor." Ahasuerus would not trade. The edicts would be recalled, and the honors would still be shown. Haman gathered the royal insignia, heart hard, and walked into the street to dress his enemy.

He led Mordecai through Shushan the way a mourner leads a bier. The city watched. The man who had measured timber for Mordecai's neck now cried his name as a blessing. That should have been enough humiliation for one morning. It was only the first inversion.

The Gallows Already Stood

The timber was already in Haman's courtyard. Fifty cubits high. He had built it for Mordecai. When the king ordered Haman's arrest and asked what should be done, someone at court noted that the gallows were standing, unused, in the house of the man who had just been leading Mordecai through the city.

"Hang him on them," the king said.

They did it at once. The poles Haman had cut for another man's neck took his own. His ten sons followed. Shushan could see the row of them from the courtyard. For most of the city this was the end. For the scholars watching the poles, it was the start of a problem.

The Scholars Wanted Them Down

A scholar stood in the courtyard and pointed at the poles. "Take them down before dark," he said. "The verse does not wait. 'His body shall not remain all night upon the tree' (Deuteronomy 21:23). Leave them up and you affront God. The verse does not spare a wicked man."

Night was coming on Shushan. Haman and his sons were still up there. The scholar was not inventing a scruple. The line is categorical. A hanged body belongs in the ground before the sun goes, even the body of an enemy.

Esther heard him. She did not wave the concern away. She did not claim the verse was written for someone else. She met it with a case the court already knew.

Esther Named Saul's Debt

"The Gibeonites left Saul's descendants hanging half a year," Esther said. "Pilgrims saw them and told the nations why. Their father had struck a people bound to Israel by oath from the days of Joshua. Rain had stopped for three years until David asked what was wrong. God said it was Saul's bloodguilt. David handed over seven of the house. The Gibeonites hanged them, and the bodies stayed, past the night the verse names, because the debt was not finished."

She let that sit. Then she finished it.

"If those bodies stayed so that God's name would be sanctified, how much more these. Haman and his sons tried to wipe out the house of Israel. Let anyone who looks up see what that attempt costs."

The Bodies Stayed

The court took her precedent. The scholars lost. Haman and his ten sons stayed on the timber he had cut, through the night and longer. Anyone walking the courtyard had to lift their eyes and see the inversion finished: the man who had walked like a mourner while honoring Mordecai now hung on the poles he had raised for that same man.

Esther did not gloat. She had argued inside the house's own memory. Saul's unpaid debt had kept bodies in the air once. Haman's attempt on a covenanted people would keep them in the air again. The verse still stood. She had not cancelled it. She had named a night God had already allowed to pass with bodies on a tree.


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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews 12:236Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

In the Book of Esther, we have a pretty clear victory for the Jewish people. Haman, the wicked advisor to King Ahasuerus, is exposed and ultimately hanged on the very gallows he built for Mordecai. But the story doesn't quite end there, does it?

The Book of Esther tells us Haman's ten sons were also killed. But according to the Legends of the Jews, as retold by Ginzberg, there's more to the story of what happened to their bodies.

Apparently, Haman and his sons remained hanging for a very long time. It even bothered some people at the time. They felt it violated Jewish law. Specifically, the teaching in Deuteronomy (21:23) that says you can’t leave a body hanging on a tree overnight. It's considered a desecration, a dishonor to the deceased and to God.

So, what was the justification for this prolonged display?

Well, Esther herself stepped in. She argued, quite powerfully, that there was a precedent for this kind of thing. She pointed to the story of King Saul's descendants. Remember them? The Gibeonites had left them hanging for half a year!

Why? To sanctify God's name, to make it holy. As Ginzberg tells it, pilgrims would see the bodies and ask why they were there. The response was that they were hanged because Saul had wronged the Gibeonites. It was a public declaration of justice, of God's righteousness.

Esther then delivers a compelling argument. "How much more, then," she asks, "are we justified in permitting Haman and his family to hang, they who desired to destroy the entire house of Israel?"

Think about the weight of that statement. Haman wasn't just some petty criminal. He plotted genocide! His actions threatened the very existence of the Jewish people. Leaving his body and those of his sons on display served as a stark warning, a reminder of the consequences of such hatred and evil.

It was, in a way, a public service announcement written in the most gruesome of terms.

So, what does this all mean? On one hand, we have the imperative to treat the dead with respect. On the other, we have the need for justice, for remembrance, and for ensuring that such horrors are never repeated. It forces us to confront difficult questions about justice, revenge, and the balance between honoring the dead and protecting the living.

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Legends of the Jews 12:220Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

King Ahasuerus, still clueless about Haman's true intentions, decrees, "The man who saved the life of the king deserves to have his name put on the coin of the realm. Nevertheless, these honors must thou show unto him."

The words hitting Haman like a physical blow. He tries one last, desperate plea. "Edicts and writings have been issued to all parts of the kingdom, commanding that the nation to which Mordecai belongs shall be destroyed. Recall them rather than I should do him this honor."

Ahasuerus is unmoved. "The edicts and writings shall be recalled, yet these honors must thou show unto Mordecai." Can you feel the vise tightening? Haman is caught in his own web.

Ginzberg tells us that seeing his efforts were futile, Haman finally resigned himself to the king's will. Picture him, head bowed like a mourner, making his way to the royal treasure chambers. His ears hang low, eyes are dim, mouth twisted in bitterness. His heart is hardened, his bowels are cut in pieces – quite the image! His loins weakened, and his knees are knocking together. He's a broken man, forced to enact his own humiliation.

He gathers the royal insignia, the symbols of the power he so desperately craved, and prepares to bring them to Mordecai. Harbonah and Abzur, royal officials, accompany him, ensuring that Haman carries out the king's wishes to the letter. Talk about adding insult to injury! They are there to make sure he doesn't try anything sneaky.

A stark reminder that even the most powerful figures can be brought low, and that sometimes, we are forced to participate in our own downfall. It also highlights the unpredictable nature of fate, and the dramatic twists and turns that characterize the story of Purim. What would YOU do in his place?

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