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No One Had Ever Thanked God Until Leah Named Her Fourth Son

Jacob would have four wives and twelve sons. Three apiece was Leah's portion and she already had hers. Then a fourth boy came, and she counted.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. Three Names Out of One Wound
  2. The Arithmetic in the Tent
  3. The Priest at the Threshing Floor
  4. This Time I Will Thank
  5. See the Difference Between My Son and His
No One Had Ever Thanked God Until Leah Named Her Fourth Son Click for full size

Three Names Out of One Wound

Leah named her sons the way a person presses on a bruise to see whether it still hurts.

The first she called Reuben, because the Lord has seen my affliction, and the affliction she meant was that her husband had gone to sleep beside her sister and woken up beside her, and had never once looked at her the way he looked at Rachel. The second she called Simeon, because the Lord has heard that I am hated. She used the word. Nobody in the tent argued with it. The third she called Levi, because now, surely now, after three sons, my husband will be joined to me.

Three names, three petitions, and Jacob's tent still pitched where it had always been pitched, nearest to Rachel.

The Arithmetic in the Tent

Leah knew the number. Everyone in that household knew it. Jacob would have four wives, and out of the four would come twelve sons, and twelve divided among four is three.

Three was her portion. She had received it in full. Whatever else the years held for her, the account was settled and closed and there was nothing outstanding, and a woman who has been handed exactly what is owed her has no particular reason to say anything about it.

Then she went into labor a fourth time.

The Priest at the Threshing Floor

A priest walks down to the threshing floors at harvest to collect what the law assigns him. The farmer meets him at the edge of the heap, measures out the portion set aside from the crop, adds the tithe on top of it, and hands both across. The priest takes them, loads them, and goes. He says nothing. Nothing has happened that requires him to say anything. The grain was never the farmer's to keep.

Now the same priest at the same floor, and the farmer measures out the portion and the tithe, and then reaches back into his own heap and adds a basket that no law obliges him to give.

The priest opens his mouth on the spot.

This Time I Will Thank

The boy was born and Leah held him and did the sum again, and it came out the same both times. Four. One more than had ever been hers to expect.

"This time I will thank the Lord."

She called him Yehudah, and the word for thanks sat inside the name where anyone could hear it, and from the day the Holy One finished making the world down to that afternoon in a tent in Haran, no human being had ever done what she had just done. Adam had not. Noah had not. Abraham, Isaac, Sarah, Rebekah, none of them. People had begged, argued, bargained, wept, and sworn. People had built altars out of terror and out of relief. Leah, who had spent four confinements measuring herself against her sister and coming up short every time, was the first one to stop counting long enough to say thank you.

See the Difference Between My Son and His

Later, holding the account she had kept her whole life, she named the one entry she was proud of.

"Look at the difference between my son and my father-in-law's son."

Her Reuben had his birthright taken off him by force and handed to the sons of Joseph, and he never turned on the boy for it. When his brothers stood over the pit at Dothan deciding whether to kill Joseph, Reuben heard them, and he pulled Joseph out of their hands.

And Esau, who sold his birthright himself, of his own will, for a bowl of red stew he could have gone without, hated his brother for the rest of his life over the thing he had sold.

One man was robbed and stayed a brother. The other made the sale himself and never forgave anyone for it. Leah, who had been handed to a man who did not want her and had counted every son since, could tell the difference between the two, and she said so out loud, and the son she said it about was the one she had thanked God for.


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From the tradition

Sources

4 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews 1:64Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

Judah, one of Jacob's sons, married a Canaanite woman, and their firstborn was named Er, which poignantly means "the childless." As fate would have it, Er’s name was a prophecy. He married Tamar, a daughter of Aram, son of Shem – and right away, we see some tension brewing. the verse says in Legends of the Jews, Judah's wife didn't approve of Tamar, as she wasn’t a Canaanite. She used all sorts of tricks, artifices, to keep Er and Tamar apart. And tragically, before their marriage could be consummated, an angel of the Lord struck Er down, just three days after the wedding. Can you imagine the sorrow?

So, following the custom of the time, Judah instructed his second son, Onan, to marry Tamar. This practice was known as yibbum, or levirate marriage, designed to continue the line of the deceased brother. The wedding took place quickly, before the week of Er's wedding festivities even ended.

For a whole year, Onan lived with Tamar, but he refused to father a child with her. He listened to his mother's instructions and prevented conception. Why? Perhaps he didn't want to share his inheritance with a child who would legally be considered Er's heir. Whatever his reasons, this act was seen as a grave sin. And so, Onan, too, met an untimely end. His name, ironically, means "mourning," and, his father was soon called upon to mourn him.

Judah had a third son, Shelah. He planned for Shelah to marry Tamar, but his wife, Bath-shua, wouldn't allow it. She still harbored resentment toward Tamar for not being Canaanite. While Judah was away, Bath-shua arranged for Shelah to marry a Canaanite woman instead.

Judah was furious, but according to Legends of the Jews, God's wrath also fell upon Bath-shua. Her wickedness, her prejudice, ultimately led to her demise. She died a year after her two sons.

What a tragic story! It's a reminder of the consequences of prejudice, the importance of family obligations, and the belief that divine justice will eventually prevail. It also makes you think: what role did fate play, and what role did the characters' choices play, in this cascade of misfortune?

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Book of Judith 7:23Book of Judith

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Sefaria Community Translation · CC-BY

That feeling, that crushing weight of despair, is exactly where we find the Israelites in the Book of Judith.

The Assyrian army, a seemingly endless sea of soldiers, tents, and chariots, had descended upon the land, blanketing it completely. The Book of Judith tells us they "covered the face of the whole land." Imagine looking out and seeing nothing but the enemy, a constant, suffocating reminder of your impending doom.

The people of Israel, huddled together, did the only thing they could: "cried to the Lord their God, because their heart failed." Can you blame them? Their enemies were all around, a ring of steel with no apparent break. Hope was dwindling, replaced by the gnawing fear that this was the end.

For thirty-four long, agonizing days, the siege tightened. Thirty-four days of relentless pressure, of dwindling supplies, of mounting dread.

And then, the unthinkable happened. Their water ran out. The Book of Judith says, "all their vessels of water ran dry... and the cisterns were emptied."

Water, the very essence of life, was now a precious commodity, rationed to the point where even a single day’s fill was a luxury.: rationing water when you are already under siege, knowing that thirst will only add to the despair and weaken their resolve.

Imagine the dry throats, the cracked lips, the growing desperation in the eyes of the people of Bethulia. This wasn't just a military threat anymore; it was a fight for survival against the most basic of elements.

This is the scene Judith walks into. Not a scene of glorious heroes and shining armor, but a scene of utter desperation. It's this desperation, this raw, visceral need, that sets the stage for her courageous act. It's from this parched earth that a single, brave woman will rise.

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Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 126:5Yalkut Shimoni on Torah

Translation of the source text.Torat Emet (Yalkut Shimoni) · CC-BY-NC

Rabbi Yohanan said in the name of Rabbi Shimon ben Yohai: From the day the Holy One, blessed be He, created His world, no one gave thanks before the Holy One, blessed be He, until Leah came and gave thanks to Him, as it is said, "This time I will thank the LORD." "Reuben." Rabbi Eleazar said: Leah said, See the difference between my son and my father-in-law [Esau]. As for my son, even though his birthright was taken from him against his will, as it is written (1 Chronicles 5:1), "and because he defiled his father's couch his birthright was given to the sons of Joseph," even so he bore no grudge over it, for what is written? "And Reuben heard and rescued him from their hands." But as for my father-in-law's son [Esau], even though he sold his birthright to Jacob of his own will, as it is written (Genesis 25:33), "and he sold his birthright to Jacob," even so (Genesis 27:41) "Esau bore a grudge."

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Midrash Aggadah, Genesis 29:35Midrash Aggadah

Translation of the source text.Midrash Aggadah (Buber), Public Domain, on Sefaria · CC-BY-SA

"This time I will praise, etc." (Genesis 29:35). We learn in [tractate] Berakhot: Rabbi Yochanan said in the name of Rabbi Shimon ben Yochai: From the day that the Holy One, blessed be He, created His world, no one came who gave thanks before the Creator until Leah came, as it is said, "This time I will praise the Lord" (Genesis 29:35).

Another interpretation: "This time I will praise the Lord." A parable: to what is the matter comparable? To a priest who went to the threshing-floors to receive terumah and tithes. At the time that the owner [of the field] gives him the terumah and the tithe, he does not praise him; but if he gives him extra from his own, he immediately praises him. So too Leah: since she saw that the Holy One, blessed be He, had given her more than three sons, she gave Him thanks.

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