Why Yom Kippur Affliction Means Hunger in Midrash Aggadah

"And it shall be unto you a statute forever" — for the eternal house [the Temple]. "In the seventh month" — one might think during the whole month; therefore Scripture teaches, "on the tenth of the month." "You shall afflict [yourselves]" — one might think a person should sit in the sun or in the cold in order to afflict himself; therefore Scripture teaches, "and you shall do no work" — just as the work for which one is liable to karet, so too the affliction for which one is liable to karet. In the name of Rabbi Yishmael [they said]: affliction is stated here, and affliction is stated elsewhere — "and he afflicted you, and made you hunger" (Deuteronomy 8:3); just as the affliction stated there is the affliction of hunger, so too here it is the affliction of hunger. "And you shall do no work" — work is stated here, and work is stated regarding the Tabernacle; just as the work of the Tabernacle is significant work, so too here it is like them. And it says "any work" — even part of a work, such as the weaving of two threads, the writing of two letters.