Rabbi Yoḥanan and Reish Lakish were sitting, deliberating, and saying: ‘We learned: On the festival day of Rosh HaShana that coincides with Shabbat, they would sound the shofar in the Temple but not in the outlying areas.22Mishna Rosh HaShana 4:1. If it is a matter of Torah law, it should override even in the outlying areas.23It is generally rabbinically prohibited to sound a horn on Shabbat, but if blowing the shofar is required by Torah law when Rosh HaShana coincides with Shabbat, it should be blown everywhere and not just in the Temple.
If it is not a matter of Torah law, it should not override even in the Temple.’ While they were sitting and deliberating, Kahana passed. They said: ‘The master of the halakha has come, let us go and ask him.’ They went and asked him.
He said to them: ‘One verse says: “A remembrance by means of a blast” (Leviticus 23:24), and one verse says: “A day of a blast” (Numbers 29:1). How so? When it coincides with Shabbat, “a remembrance by means of a blast,” – one mentions it but does not sound the shofar.’24The Jerusalem Talmud (Rosh HaShana 4:1) expands on this derivation and explains that the balance between these two verses applies specifically outside the Temple.
Rabbi Shimon ben Yoḥai said: Let it override in the Temple, where they know the time of the New Moon, but let it not override in the outlying areas, where they do not know the time of the New Moon, as Rabbi Shimon ben Yoḥai said: It shall be a day of the blast, you shall perform a fire offering;25This is a citation from Numbers 29:1–2, but the verse actually states “burnt offering” rather than “fire offering. in the place where the offerings are sacrificed.
Rabbi Taḥlifa of Caesarea said: Regarding all the additional offerings it is written: “You shall sacrifice,” but here it is written: “You shall perform a fire offering,” how so? The Holy One blessed be He said to Israel: ‘My children, today I ascribe to you as though today you were formed before Me, as though today I created you as a new creation. That is what is written: “For just as the new heavens and the new earth [that I will make will remain before Me…so your descendants and your name will remain]”’ (Isaiah 66:22).