Parshat Bereshit6 min read

God Made Chaos and Kindled Gehenna on Creation's First Day

Before the first man drew breath, a green band bled darkness, drowned stones fed the deep, and the fire of judgment already burned beneath the young world.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. Ten Things at Once in the First Light
  2. The Green Band and the Stones in the Abyss
  3. The Light Too Bright to Keep
  4. The Fire Prepared Beneath the World
  5. The Earth That Would Not Obey
God Made Chaos and Kindled Gehenna on Creation's First Day Click for full size

Ten Things at Once in the First Light

On the first day there was no first day yet, only a voice moving across water that had not been told where to stand. Then God spoke, and ten things came out of the silence at once, crowding into being in a single breath. Heaven. Earth. Tohu (formless void) and Bohu. Light. Darkness. Wind. Water. The measure of the day, and the measure of the night. They did not arrive in a tidy line. They fell into existence together, the way a hand opens and everything it was holding drops in the same instant.

Heaven and earth came out joined, fitted to each other like a pot and the lid that closes it. They were made from one beginning, pressed so close that later, when they were parted, each still carried the shape of the other. And already, in that first crowd of created things, the bright and the dark stood side by side. Nobody had sinned. Nothing had gone wrong. And still the darkness was there from the opening word, handed its own place in the world before the world had anyone to punish.

The Green Band and the Stones in the Abyss

Two of those ten things were stranger than the rest.

Tohu was a green line, a band drawn all the way around the young earth, and out of it darkness leaked into the empty places. It did not shine and it did not burn. It simply breathed out night, steadily, the way a wet cave breathes out cold. Formlessness given an edge and a color and set to work.

Bohu lay lower still. It was stones, sunk into the abyss, and from between those stones the waters came up. Emptiness that was not empty at all but heavy and wet, the hidden source of every flood the world would ever hold. Chaos here was no scream. It was a green band and a bed of drowned stones, quietly furnishing the underside of a world only hours old.

The Light Too Bright to Keep

Then there was the light.

Not the sun. The sun would not be hung until the fourth day, with the moon and the stars strung up beside it. This first light was something else, and it was enormous. A man standing in it could have looked once and seen the whole world at a single glance, from the first edge of things to the last, the way a man takes in one small room.

God looked ahead down the line of the generations, and He saw what was coming. He saw the men of the Flood. He saw the builders at Babel, hands full of bricks and mouths full of pride. He saw that such people would take a light that showed them everything and use it to see only what they wanted. So He gathered the great light back up and hid it. He folded it away and set it apart, kept for the righteous in the world that has not yet come. On the first day the best thing made was already too good for the ones who would live under it, and it was carried out of their reach before they were even born.

The Fire Prepared Beneath the World

And beneath all of it, the fire was already lit.

Gehenna (the realm of judgment after death) was kindled early, in the first days, its furnace stoked under the floor of a world where no one had yet done anything to earn it. The pit was dug and the flame was fed before the first man opened his eyes. Judgment did not wait to be provoked. It was built into the foundation, laid down with the water and the darkness and the drowned stones, a fire waiting under the fields for people who did not yet exist.

So the shape of the first day was not only light and water. It was a bright band bleeding darkness, an abyss of wet stones, a light too pure to be trusted to human hands, and a fire banked and ready below the ground. The furniture of the deep was set out on the same morning as the sky.

The Earth That Would Not Obey

The earth, for its part, disobeyed almost at once.

On the third day the earth was ordered to bring forth fruit trees. And God wanted a particular kind of tree, one whose wood would taste as sweet as the fruit it carried, wood sweet enough to bite, a trunk as good as an apple. The earth heard the order and did it halfway. It pushed up trees heavy with fruit, yes, but the wood came out dry and bitter and inedible, wood that was only wood. A small refusal. The first crack of will in a thing that was supposed to have none.

The earth's deafness did not end there. When Adam reached for what he had been forbidden, God had set witnesses to watch him. The sun understood. The moment the man sinned, the sun went dark with the shame of it. But the earth felt the same weight pass over it and shrugged. It did not dim. It did not shudder. It took in the fall of the first man and carried on as though nothing at all had happened.

For that, the ground was sentenced ten times over. The earth that had watered itself from its own springs would now wait, mouth open, for rain from above. Its harvests would fail. Its grain would sicken in the ear. Vermin would breed in it. Its flat face would buckle into valleys and mountains. It would raise trees that gave nothing. It would push thorns and thistles up between the crops. Much would be sown in it and little gathered. It would be forced to open and give back the blood spilled on it, no longer able to hide what was done above it. And in the end it would wear out like an old coat, the whole green weight of it aging like a garment left too long on the body.

The fire under the fields had been ready since the first day. Now the field above it had been marked to feed it.


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From the tradition

Sources

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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews 1:14Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

Jewish tradition, as always, offers some truly dazzling answers.

Our sages teach on that inaugural day, GOD brought forth ten things. Ten! That's quite a busy first day on the job, wouldn’t you say? But it doesn't stop there. We also have Tohu and Bohu, light and darkness, wind and water, and the duration of day and night. Quite the cosmic toolkit!

The heavens and the earth, seemingly so different, were created together, almost inseparable. The tradition puts it beautifully: "like the pot and its cover." A perfect fit, a unified whole, even in their distinctness. And where did the raw materials come from? The heavens,

Then there's Tohu and Bohu. These are trickier to grasp. Tohu (תהו) often translated as "formlessness" or "void," is described as a green band encircling the world, dispensing darkness. And Bohu (בהו), meaning "emptiness," consists of stones in the abyss, the very source of the waters. These aren't just abstract concepts; they're almost tangible forces shaping the nascent world.

But perhaps the most intriguing element of that first day is the light. The light created on the first day wasn't like the sunlight we know, the one that appeared later with the sun, moon, and stars on the fourth day. Oh no. This was something else entirely. This primordial light, according to the legends, was so powerful, so all-encompassing, that it would have allowed a person to see the entire world at a single glance!

So why don’t we have it now?

Well, as Ginzberg retells it in Legends of the Jews, anticipating the wickedness of the generations of the Flood and the Tower of Babel, generations who wouldn't appreciate such a gift, GOD concealed this extraordinary light. It was hidden away, waiting for a more deserving time. The Zohar, that foundational text of Jewish mysticism, suggests that this light wasn't destroyed but rather reserved.

And when will it return?

According to tradition, it will reappear in the world to come, gracing the pious with its pristine glory. It's a powerful image, isn’t it? A reminder that even in darkness, there's always the promise of light, a light so brilliant it can illuminate the entire world. A light that was there at the very beginning, and will be there in the end. It makes you wonder: what will we do with that light when it returns?

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Legends of the Jews 2:67Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

It turns out, according to some traditions, the Earth wasn't exactly innocent in the whole affair. God commanded the Earth to bring forth "tree of fruit" on the third day of creation. But it seems there was a divine expectation that went unmet. God, according to Ginzberg's retelling in Legends of the Jews, desired a very special kind of tree - one where the wood itself was as delicious and flavorful as the fruit it bore. A tree you could just take a bite out of, bark and all. But alas, the Earth fell short. It produced fruit trees, yes, but the wood remained inedible. A subtle disobedience, perhaps, but disobedience nonetheless.

The Earth's shortcomings didn't end there. Remember Adam's sin? God, in his wisdom, appointed witnesses to observe Adam, just in case he was tempted to trespass against divine law. The sun, ever vigilant, grew dark the moment Adam succumbed to temptation. It understood the gravity of the situation. The Earth, however. well, the Earth just didn't get it. It didn't register the significance of Adam's fall and basically ignored the whole thing!

As a result, the Earth had to endure a tenfold punishment. Before Adam's sin, the Earth was self-sufficient, watered by its own internal springs. Afterwards, it became dependent on rain from above. As we find in Legends of the Jews, the punishments grew more severe: harvests failing, grains plagued by disease, the emergence of nasty vermin, the division of the land into valleys and mountains, the growth of barren trees, the proliferation of thorns and thistles. It's a litany of woes!

Much would be sown, but little would be reaped. The earth would eventually reveal the blood shed upon it, no longer able to conceal the evidence of violence. And finally, a particularly poignant punishment: the Earth would "wax old like a garment," a stark reminder of its own mortality and the impermanence of all things.

So, what does it all mean? Is it a literal account of cosmic punishment, or a symbolic representation of the consequences of sin? Perhaps it's both. Maybe it's a reminder that our actions have far-reaching effects, impacting not only ourselves and our communities, but also the very planet we inhabit. The Earth, in this telling, becomes a mirror reflecting our own flaws and imperfections. And it begs the question: what kind of world are we creating for ourselves, and for the Earth that sustains us?

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