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A Fly and a Pebble Put Two Men in Joseph's Prison

Pharaoh raised his cup and found something floating in it. By evening the man who had poured it was in the prison where Joseph already slept.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. A Pebble in the White Loaf
  2. Or They Reached for the King's Daughter
  3. The Rod That Could Not Rest
  4. Two Officers in the Pit
  5. One Cup Restored, One Rope

Pharaoh raised the cup and there was a fly in it.

A Fly and a Pebble Put Two Men in Joseph's Prison Click for full size

Not a beetle in a storeroom, not a mouse in the granary. A fly, in the warm drink, in the king's own cup, in the king's own hand, in front of the whole court with everybody watching him swallow. The man who had filled that cup and carried it up the steps was the chief of the cupbearers of Egypt. He had one job and he had been doing it for years without a mark against him.

A Pebble in the White Loaf

The chief baker sent up the fine white bread the same day, and Pharaoh bit down on a stone.

Two men at the very top of the royal household. One insect and one small stone between them, and the whole household knew by nightfall. Guards took them out through the courtyard and down to the prison of the captain of the guard, the round house where the king kept men he had not decided about yet, and where a Hebrew slave had already been sitting a long time on a charge he had not earned.

Or They Reached for the King's Daughter

Not everyone tells it that small.

There is a second account of what those two did, and in that one the fly and the pebble are a mercy laid over the real thing. What the cupbearer and the baker did, by that telling, was put their hands on the king's own daughter.

The word for what they did is the same word Joseph had used in that same house, in the room with the door shut, when his master's wife took hold of his coat. "How can I do this great wickedness," he had said to her, "and sin against God?" He would not do it. They did. And the door of one prison closed on all three of them.

The Rod That Could Not Rest

Joseph was down there because of a woman who could not let him alone.

The rod of wickedness does not rest on the portion of the righteous. It finds no purchase in a man who will not put his hand out, so it goes on looking, and when it finds nothing to take hold of it comes down anyway, across his back and his name and his freedom. Potiphar's wife was the rod. Joseph was the portion it came down on. She kept the coat he left in her fist and told the household he had come at her, and the master who had trusted him with the keys to everything he owned had him put in irons and never once asked him a question.

So he was already there, months into it, when the guards brought the two officers down the steps.

Two Officers in the Pit

They were handed over to him, and he waited on them. The Hebrew who had run the house of the captain of the guard now poured for the man who had poured for Pharaoh.

Then one night both of them dreamed, and in the morning both of them were sitting with their faces down, and Joseph asked why.

The cupbearer had seen a vine with three branches, budding, blossoming, ripening, and Pharaoh's cup in his own hand and the grapes squeezed into it. Three days, Joseph told him. Three days and your head comes up and the cup goes back in your hand.

The baker heard that answer and told his own. Three white baskets stacked on his head, and the top one full of every kind of baked thing for the king, and birds eating out of it.

Three days, Joseph said again, and did not soften the rest of it.

Then he asked the cupbearer for one thing. Remember me when it goes well with you. Say my name in front of Pharaoh. Get me out of this house.

One Cup Restored, One Rope

On the third day Pharaoh held a feast for his birthday and had both men brought up out of the prison in front of the whole court.

The cupbearer got his post back and put the cup into the king's hand that same afternoon, clean this time, and nothing floating in it. The baker was hanged on a tree, and the birds came down to him exactly as the baskets had shown.

And the cupbearer, standing at the king's elbow again with the cup steady in his fingers, did not remember Joseph. He forgot him for two more years, which is longer than a fly takes to drown and longer than a stone takes to find a tooth, while the one man in the story who had refused a locked room went on sleeping in the prison of the men who had refused nothing.


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From the tradition

Sources

2 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Midrash Aggadah, Genesis 40:1Midrash Aggadah

Translation of the source text.Midrash Aggadah (Buber), Public Domain, on Sefaria · CC-BY-SA

"They offended" [the cupbearer], and so forth (Genesis 40:1). The chief cupbearer, a fly was found in his lukewarm drink; and the chief baker, a pebble was found inside his fine loaf.

Another interpretation of "they offended": they sought to couple with the daughter of the king. It is said here "they offended," and it is said elsewhere, "How then can I do this great wickedness, [and sin against God]" (Genesis 39:9).

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Bereshit Rabbah 87:2Bereshit Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

Why the Rod of Wickedness Cannot Rest on the Just is the question behind this passage from Bereshit Rabbah.

Rabbi Abba bar Kahana and Rabbi Yitzḥak, two wise voices from the past, each offer their take on what this verse really means. Rabbi Abba said that wickedness, that "rod of wickedness," gets no neyaḥa – no satisfaction – in the company of the righteous. It only feels at home among the wicked. Does negativity thrive around positive people? Not really. It needs fertile ground, a place where it can take root and grow. The commentator, Yefeh To’ar, explains that wicked people don't get satisfaction from being with the righteous. Etz Yosef, another commentator, offers a slightly different angle: that the evil inclination itself doesn't find satisfaction in being with the righteous. Why? “Because the righteous will not [set their hands to wrongdoing].” There's no purchase, no opportunity for corruption.

Rabbi Yitzḥak flips the script. He says the opposite: wickedness has no hanaḥa – no rest – in the company of the wicked, but only in the company of the righteous. Wait, what? Why would wickedness be comfortable around righteousness?

Here, Yefeh To’ar clarifies that it is not good for wicked people to be with other wicked people, as they will only increase in wickedness. If they are in the company of the righteous, he will learn from their righteous ways. The idea isn't that wickedness likes righteousness, but that it might be tempered by it. That even the presence of goodness can have an effect.

And then, the Midrash takes us in another direction. “The rod of wickedness will not rest” – this, they say, is Potiphar’s wife. “Upon the lot of the righteous” – this is Joseph.

Remember the story? Potiphar's wife tries to seduce Joseph, and when he refuses, she falsely accuses him. The "rod of wickedness" – her desire, her deceit – doesn't find rest until it lands on Joseph, the righteous man. It's a striking illustration of how wickedness can target and attempt to corrupt even the most virtuous.

Perhaps it’s a reminder to be mindful of the company we keep, and the influences we allow into our lives. Are we surrounding ourselves with things that nourish our best selves, or are we giving "the rod of wickedness" a place to rest? And maybe, just maybe, we can all strive to be a little bit like Joseph – a beacon of righteousness even in the face of temptation.

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