Abraham married again after Sarah's death. The Torah calls his new wife Keturah. The Targum reveals her true identity in a single phrase: "She is Hagar, who had been bound to him from the beginning." The woman Abraham had once sent into the desert with a letter of divorce came back. They had six more sons together.
Abraham died at one hundred and seventy-five, and the Targum adds a detail about Ishmael that changes everything: "Ishmael wrought repentance in his days." The wild son of the desert returned to God before he died. That is why the Torah records that both Isaac and Ishmael buried Abraham together—they had reconciled. The Targum also explains why Abraham never blessed Isaac directly: he did not want to bless Isaac without also blessing Ishmael, knowing it would cause enmity between them. So God blessed Isaac Himself after Abraham's death.
When Rebecca became pregnant, the twins fought inside her so violently that the Targum compares them to "men doing battle." She went to the school of Shem the Great to pray. God's answer contained a conditional clause the Torah does not include: "the elder shall serve the younger, if the children of the younger will keep the commandments of the Law." Jacob's supremacy was not guaranteed. It depended on obedience.
Esau was born fully formed—with hair, a beard, and teeth. Jacob was a "peaceful man" who studied at the school of Eber. The Targum says Isaac loved Esau because "words of deceit were in his mouth." Isaac was being fooled.
The chapter reaches its climax on the day Abraham died. Jacob was cooking lentil stew to comfort his mourning father. Esau came in from the field, and the Targum lists his five transgressions committed that single day: idol worship, murder, violation of a betrothed woman, denial of the world to come, and contempt for the birthright. When Esau sold his birthright, the Targum says he sold not just inheritance rights but "the portion of the world that is to come." He traded eternity for soup.