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Abraham and Shem Each Named the Mountain That Became Jerusalem

Long before either man arrived, God had put up a booth on that hill and prayed inside it for a house of his own to be built there.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. What Abraham Said With the Knife Still in His Hand
  2. The Hill Already Had a Name
  3. God Would Not Grieve Either Man
  4. The Booth on the Ridge
  5. What Isaac Smelled in the Wool
Abraham and Shem Each Named the Mountain That Became Jerusalem Click for full size

What Abraham Said With the Knife Still in His Hand

Abraham came down off the altar and did not let go of the argument he had swallowed on the way up. The ram was burning. Isaac was alive and standing there. The old man turned his face up and spoke plainly, the way a man speaks when he has been holding something in for three days.

Master of the universe, he said. When you told me to take my son, my only one, I had an answer ready. Yesterday you told me that through Isaac my line would be counted. Today you told me to carry him up a mountain and put him on wood. I had something to say to that.

But I did not say it. I pushed my own mercy down and did what you wanted.

Then came the price. May it be your will, he said, that when Isaac's children come to their sins and their evil deeds, this binding is what you remember about them. Let this morning stand where their record stands. Let it fill you with mercy toward them.

And he named the ground. Not the Lord saw. The Lord will see, in the tense that has not happened yet, a claim staked forward into every generation that would need it.

The Hill Already Had a Name

The trouble was that somebody had named it first.

Years before, coming back bloody from the war of the kings, Abraham had been met on the road by a priest-king carrying bread and wine out to him. That king ruled a small town on the same ridge and the town was called Shalem, which means whole, finished, at peace. The man who ruled it was Shem, son of Noah, who had walked out of the ark as a young man and was still alive to hand bread to Abraham.

Shem had called the place Peace. Abraham had just called it The Lord Will See. One hill, two righteous men, two names, and both of them earned.

God Would Not Grieve Either Man

If I call it Yireh, God said, the way Abraham called it, then Shem is a righteous man and he will have a complaint against me. If I call it Shalem, the way Shem called it, then Abraham is a righteous man and he will have a complaint against me.

So he took the front of one name and the back of the other and pushed them together. Yireh. Shalem. Yerushalayim, which is Jerusalem.

Every time anyone has said the name of that city since, both men have been standing inside the word, and neither of them was told to move over.

The Booth on the Ridge

Back when the ridge was still only Shalem, before any Israelite had ever climbed it, something was already living up there.

God made himself a booth up there. A sukkah, the temporary kind, the kind a farmer throws together out of branches at harvest and takes down again when the season ends. His booth was in Shalem, his dwelling place in Zion. He went inside it and prayed.

Inside the branches he asked for something. May it be my will, he said, that I see my house built.

He was praying for a roof. He got one, eventually, and then he watched it come down, and then he showed the whole sequence to Abraham on the morning of the knife: the house standing, the house wrecked, the house standing again. The Lord will see. On the mount of the Lord, which is where the ruins would sit. He will be seen, which is the third time, the one that had not arrived yet.

What Isaac Smelled in the Wool

Decades later Isaac lay in a dark tent with his eyes gone useless and asked his son to come close so he could touch him.

The boy came near in his brother's clothes with goatskin on his arms, and the old man pulled him in and put his face against the cloth and breathed. See, he said, the smell of my son is like the smell of a field that the Lord has blessed.

What came off that wool was the hill. Smoke going up off an altar in a finished house, the fat and the flour and the pleasing smell of it. Then the smell of turned dirt, because Zion would be plowed like a field and there would be furrows where the courtyards had been. Then, under both, the third smell, the blessing commanded there for life without end.

Isaac could not see anything. He held the cloth in both hands and kept breathing it in, an old man in a dark tent with a whole city in his lungs, on the ground where his father had bargained for his descendants and where God had once sat in a hut of branches asking for a house.


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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Bereshit Rabbah 56:10Bereshit Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

Names hold power, history, and sometimes, the very essence of a place. Take Jerusalem, for example. Its story, according to the ancient Rabbis, is far more intricate than you might imagine, weaving together the narratives of Abraham, Shem, and even the Holy One, blessed be He.

Our story begins with Abraham and the Akedah, the binding of Isaac. It’s a harrowing tale, one where God commands Abraham to sacrifice his beloved son, Isaac. As we read in (Genesis 22:14), "Abraham called the name of that place The Lord will see, as it is said to this day: On the mount where the Lord will be seen.” But what does this name, "The Lord will see" (Yireh), really mean?

Rabbi Yoḥanan, as quoted in Bereshit Rabbah, offers a powerful insight. He imagines Abraham pleading before God: "Master of the universe, when You said to me: 'Take you your son, your only one,' I had something to argue! Yesterday you said, 'For it is through Isaac [that descendants will be considered for you]'… and now You say: 'Take you your son… [and offer him up]?'" (Genesis 22:2). It's a stunningly human moment – Abraham questioning, yet ultimately obeying.

Abraham, suppressing his own mercy to fulfill God's will, makes a plea for the future generations of Isaac. He prays that when his descendants falter, this very act of binding – this Akedah – will be remembered, and God will be filled with mercy towards them.

Now, enter Shem, son of Noah. According to tradition (as noted in the commentary to Bereshit Rabbah), Shem is identified with Malki Tzedek, the king of Shalem (Genesis 14:18). So, we have Abraham calling the place Yireh and Shem calling it Shalem, which means "peace" or "complete."

So, what's a Holy One to do? According to the Rabbis in Bereshit Rabbah, God declared: “If I call it Yireh, as Abraham called it, Shem, a righteous man, will have a complaint. If I call it Shalem, Abraham, a righteous man, will have a complaint. Instead, I shall call it Yerushalayim, as both of them called it – Yireh, ShalemYerushalayim.”

Isn't that beautiful? The name itself becomes a synthesis, a merging of perspectives and histories.

Rabbi Berekhya, in the name of Rabbi Ḥelbo, adds another layer. He suggests that while the place was still called Shalem, the Holy One, blessed be He, made a temporary booth, a sukka, and prayed there. (Psalm 76:3) echoes this: “His abode [sukko] was in Shalem, His dwelling place in Zion.” What was God praying for? “May it be My will that I will see construction of My [permanent] house [here].”

And it doesn't stop there. Bereshit Rabbah continues, teaching that God showed Abraham the future Temple – built, then destroyed, then built again. This cycle of creation and destruction is woven into the very fabric of Jerusalem. "The name of that place The Lord will see [yireh]" refers to the Temple built, just as (Deuteronomy 16:16) says, "Three times in the year [all your males] shall appear [yeraeh]." The phrase "On the mount where the Lord will be seen" alludes to the Temple destroyed, mirroring the desolation described in (Lamentations 5:18): "On Mount Zion that is desolate." And finally, "The Lord will be seen" points to the Temple rebuilt and perfected in the future, as prophesied in (Psalm 102:17): "For the Lord has rebuilt Zion and is seen in His glory."

So, the next time you hear the name Yerushalayim, remember this story. Remember Abraham's sacrifice, Shem's peace, and God's eternal vision. Remember that names carry within them echoes of the past, hopes for the future, and the enduring presence of the Divine. What other hidden stories might be waiting to be uncovered in the names we use every day?

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Bereshit Rabbah 65:23Bereshit Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

It’s a powerful scene, thick with emotion. But according to Bereshit Rabbah, a classic collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Genesis, there's so much more going on than meets the eye.

The Rabbis of old, in their insightful way, suggest that when Isaac says, "See, the scent of my son," he wasn't just smelling Esau's clothes. He was catching a whiff of history itself!

Bereshit Rabbah 65 interprets Isaac's words as a prophetic vision of the Temple in Jerusalem – built, destroyed, and rebuilt.

"See, the scent of my son" – that's the Temple in its glory, a "pleasing aroma" to God, just as we read in (Numbers 28:2) regarding the offerings: "My pleasing aroma; you shall observe." The sweet fragrance of devotion, ascending to the heavens.

But then, the scent changes. "Like the scent of a field" – a stark, painful image of destruction. This, the Rabbis say, alludes to the Temple's downfall, echoing the prophet Micah's lament in (Micah 3:12): "Zion will be plowed as a field." Imagine that – the heart of Jerusalem, the dwelling place of God, reduced to farmland. A devastating loss.

And finally, there's a glimmer of hope. "That the Lord blessed" – the promise of a rebuilt Temple, even more glorious than before. This vision looks towards the future, finding its echo in (Psalms 133:3): "For there the Lord commanded the blessing of life, for eternity." A future brimming with divine blessing.

So, in that single, poignant moment of blessing, Isaac isn't just wishing Esau well. He’s witnessing the sweep of Jewish history, the rise and fall, the destruction and ultimate redemption of the Temple.

The blessing continues: "And may God give you from the tal, the dew of the heavens, and from the fat of the land, and an abundance of grain and wine" (Genesis 27:28). This speaks of abundance, of both spiritual and material blessings. Dew, in Jewish thought, is often associated with divine grace, a gift from above that nourishes and sustains.

What does it mean to see the future written in the present? Maybe it's a reminder that even in moments of personal significance, larger forces are at play. Can we, like Isaac, catch a glimpse of something greater, something eternal, in the everyday moments?

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Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 102:1Yalkut Shimoni on Torah

Translation of the source text.Torat Emet (Yalkut Shimoni) · CC-BY-NC

Abraham called it "Yireh" [will see], and Shem son of Noah had called it "Shalem" [whole/peace], as it is said, "And Melchizedek, king of Shalem" (Genesis 14:18). The Holy One, blessed be He, said: "If I call it 'Yireh,' as Abraham called it, Shem son of Noah is a righteous man and will be aggrieved. And if I call it 'Shalem,' as Shem son of Noah called it, Abraham is a righteous man and will be aggrieved. Rather, I will call it as both of them called it: Yireh-Shalem, Jerusalem [Yerushalayim]."

Rabbi Berekhiah in the name of Rabbi Helbo: while he was still Shalem, the Holy One, blessed be He, made him a sukkah, and he would pray within it, as it is said, "And His tabernacle was in Shalem, and His dwelling place in Zion." What did he say? "May it be His will that I see the building of My house."

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