Parshat Miketz6 min read

Joseph Went From Prison to Viceroy in One Afternoon

All Egypt was down at the river for the flood festival. Zuleika stayed home, perfumed the hall, and sat in the doorway Joseph had to walk through.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Banquet Where the Women Cut Their Hands
  2. The Empty House on the Feast Day
  3. Seventeen to Thirty
  4. The Third Step
  5. Four Thousand Six Hundred Men
Joseph Went From Prison to Viceroy in One Afternoon Click for full size

The Banquet Where the Women Cut Their Hands

Zuleika got sick from wanting him. She stopped eating, and the flesh went off her, and the women of Egypt came to the house to sit with her and could not work out what was wrong.

"You lack nothing," they said. "Your husband is a prince and the king thinks well of him. What is there that your heart could possibly want?"

"Today," she said, "you will find out where this came from."

She told the servants to cook for all of them and she spread a banquet in her own house. She had oranges brought out, and small knives laid beside every plate for peeling them. Then she sent for Joseph and told him to put on the good clothes and come wait on her guests.

He came in with a dish in his hands. Not one woman in that room could look away from him. They went on working the knives through the fruit with their eyes fixed on the Hebrew steward, and they cut their own hands open, and the oranges in their fingers went red, and they kept cutting. Blood on the fruit, blood on the good linen, and none of them noticed a thing until he had walked back out.

Zuleika let them sit with their hands bleeding. She had made her point without saying it.

The Empty House on the Feast Day

She could not get him by asking and she could not get him by weeping, so she waited for the day the whole city would be somewhere else.

When the Nile came over its banks, everyone went down to the water. Princes and laborers, men and women, music the length of the road. Zuleika said she was ill and stayed behind.

Then she got up out of the sickbed and went to the hall of state and dressed like a queen. Onyx stones set in silver and gold on her head. Every preparation a woman used, worked into her face and her skin. She burned cassia and frankincense until the hall held the smell of it, and spread myrrh and aloes through the rest of the house. Then she sat down in the vestibule, in the doorway Joseph had to walk through to get to his work, and waited for him with the whole of Egypt three miles away at the river.

He came out of that house without his coat and went to prison for it.

Seventeen to Thirty

He was seventeen when his brothers put him in the pit and sold him to a caravan. He was thirty when he stood in front of the king.

Between those two numbers there is a cell, and a steward who forgot him for two more years after he had asked to be remembered, and a great many mornings that started and ended in the same room.

Then one morning the door opened out of order. They took him and shaved him, face and head, and put clean clothes on him and walked him up through the courts, and he had no time at all to prepare for what was on the other side.

The Third Step

Pharaoh sat on the fourth step from the top. Joseph came in and went down on the ground, and then rose and climbed to the third step, and stopped there, which was as far up as a man in his position was allowed to stand.

The king did not open with threats. He opened by admitting he was stuck.

"My servant testifies about you that you are the best and most discerning man I could consult. Do for me what you did for him. Tell me what the visions of my dreams mean." Then he said the part that mattered. "Suppress nothing out of fear. Do not flatter me with lying words, or with words that please me. Tell me the truth, though it be sad and alarming."

Joseph did not take the compliment. It is not in me, he said. God will answer what Pharaoh needs answered.

Then he laid it out. Seven fat cows and seven full ears are seven years of more grain than Egypt can eat. Seven gaunt cows and seven ears blasted by the east wind are seven years of famine that will swallow the seven good ones so completely that nobody will remember the plenty. Find a man with sense and put him over the land now, while the good years are still coming, and take a fifth of everything and store it.

Pharaoh looked around at his officials and asked whether they could find anyone else with the spirit of God in him like this one. Nobody said anything. So he pulled the signet ring off his own finger and put it on Joseph's hand.

By evening the man who had woken up in a cell was riding through the streets in the second chariot of the kingdom with heralds running in front of it shouting Abrech, bow the knee, and the crowds going down on their faces in the dust as he passed. New name, Zaphenath-paneah. New wife, Asenath, daughter of the priest of On. The prison clothes were somewhere behind him in a heap.

Four Thousand Six Hundred Men

The famine had not started yet, and in that first year the new viceroy did something nobody had asked of a grain administrator.

The people of Tarshish had come down into Ishmaelite territory, and the Ishmaelites, who were not many in those days, were being pushed off their own ground. They sent to the king of Egypt for help. Joseph raised an army of four thousand six hundred men and armed every one of them with a shield, a spear, a buckler, a helmet, and a sling, took the king's officers and a levy of Egyptians with him, and marched to the land of Havilah.

The Ishmaelites joined him there. Together they broke Tarshish in the field and drove the survivors out to their kinsmen in Javan, and settled the Ishmaelites back on the land that had been taken from them.

Then Joseph brought the army home to Egypt, and he had not lost a man.


← All myths

From the tradition

Sources

5 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews 1:165Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

Ancient kings did too. And sometimes, they needed a little help deciphering them. Take Pharaoh, for example.

He was troubled by dreams, unsettling visions that seemed to hold the fate of his kingdom. He called upon all the wise men of Egypt, the magicians, the enchanters… but none could unlock the meaning behind the strange images.

Then, someone remembered Joseph.

You know the story – sold into slavery by his brothers, imprisoned on false charges. But even in chains, Joseph had a gift: an uncanny ability to interpret dreams. Word reached Pharaoh, and Joseph was summoned.

Now, imagine the scene. Joseph, a young Hebrew, brought before the most powerful ruler in the world. He doesn't cower. He doesn't beg. Instead, according to Legends of the Jews (Ginzberg), when Joseph came before the king, "he bowed down to the ground, and he ascended to the third step, while the king sat upon the fourth from the top." It's a subtle detail, but it speaks volumes about the respect and protocol demanded by the court.

Pharaoh, anxious and perhaps a little desperate, addresses Joseph directly. "O young man, my servant beareth witness concerning thee, that thou art the best and most discerning person I can consult with."

He's laying it on thick. But there's more.

He continues, "I pray thee, vouchsafe unto me the same favors which thou didst bestow on this servant of mine, and tell me what events they are which the visions of my dreams foreshow." Pharaoh is acknowledging Joseph’s past success, the very thing that got him out of prison. He's banking on it happening again.

And then comes the kicker, the part that reveals Pharaoh's true fear and his need for honest counsel. He says, "I desire thee to suppress naught out of fear, nor shalt thou flatter me with lying words, or with words that please me. Tell me the truth, though it be sad and alarming."

Think about the weight of that request. Pharaoh is giving Joseph permission to speak truth to power, even if that truth is terrifying. He’s essentially saying, “I need to know what’s coming, no matter how bad it is.”

It’s a powerful moment. It sets the stage for the unfolding drama, the interpretation of the dreams, and the events that will ultimately save Egypt from famine.

" And how often are we brave enough to deliver it?

Full source
Letter of Aristeas 1:24Letter of Aristeas

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Letter of Aristeas, Clarendon Press (1913) · CC-BY

We think that it was against our father's will and against all propriety that they should have been made captives and that the devastation of their land and the transportation of the Jews to Egypt was an act of military wantonness. The spoil which fell to the soldiers on the field of battle was all the booty which they should have claimed. To reduce the people to slavery in addition was an act of absolute injustice.

Wherefore since it is acknowledged that we are accustomed to render justice to all men and especially to those who are unfairly in a condition of servitude, and since we strive to deal fairly with all men according to the demands of justice and piety, we have decreed, in reference to the persons of the Jews who are in any condition of bondage in any part of our dominion, that those who possess them shall receive the stipulated sum of money and set them at liberty and that no man shall show any tardiness in discharging his obligations. Within three days after the publication of this decree, they must make lists of slaves for the officers appointed to carry out our will, and immediately produce the persons of the captives.

Full source
Legends of the Jews 1:183Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

This one involves Joseph, yes, that Joseph, the one with the coat of many colors, the dreamer who rose to power in Egypt. But before the famine, before the brothers came begging for grain, there was another challenge he faced.

As viceroy, Joseph wasn't just managing granaries. He was a leader, a protector. And in the very first year of his appointment, he found himself leading an army. According to Ginzberg’s Legends of the Jews, Joseph assembled a formidable force of four thousand six hundred men. Imagine the scene: each soldier equipped with shields, spears, bucklers, helmets, even slings. This wasn't just a ragtag group; this was a prepared, well-armed fighting force.

Their mission? To aid the Ishmaelites. Now, The familiar telling remembers the Israelites, Joseph’s own people, but the Ishmaelites, descendants of Ishmael, Abraham's son through Hagar, also play a role in the interplay of the ancient world. At this time,

The people of Tarshish, having invaded the Ishmaelites' territory, had pushed them to the brink. Desperate, they turned to the king of Egypt for help. And Joseph, ever the resourceful leader, answered their call. He gathered not only his army, but also the king's servants and officers, and even drew support from the Egyptian people themselves.

Joseph led his host of heroes toward the land of Havilah. There, the Ishmaelites joined forces with him, and together, they confronted the Tarshishites. The battle was decisive. Joseph and his combined armies utterly routed the people of Tarshish. The Ishmaelites were settled in the regained land, while the defeated Tarshishites sought refuge with their brethren in Javan.

Think about the implications of this story. Joseph, a Hebrew, leading an Egyptian army to defend the Ishmaelites! It speaks volumes about his character, his sense of justice, and his commitment to protecting the vulnerable, regardless of their origin. It's evidence of the complex relationships between these ancient peoples, relationships often overshadowed by later conflicts.

And the most remarkable part? Joseph and his army returned to Egypt victorious, "and not a man had they lost." It's a detail that emphasizes not only Joseph's military prowess but also, perhaps, the divine favor that seemed to follow him throughout his extraordinary life.

So, what do we take away from this brief glimpse into Joseph's early years as viceroy? It's a reminder that the familiar stories we know are often just the tip of the iceberg. Beneath the surface lies a rich and complex world filled with untold adventures, unexpected alliances, and the constant struggle for justice and survival. And sometimes, the most compelling stories are the ones we haven't heard a thousand times before.

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Legends of the Jews 1:117Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

The stories we find in Jewish tradition, especially when it comes to Joseph, are filled with moments of intense emotion and unexpected reactions. to one such tale, a glimpse into the life of Zuleika, Potiphar's wife, and her all-consuming infatuation with the young Joseph.

The story unfolds with Zuleika, consumed by her desire for Joseph. She tries everything to win his affection, but nothing works. According to Legends of the Jews, Zuleika's unrequited longing plunges her into a deep sickness. Her friends, the women of Egypt, come to visit, puzzled by her condition. "Why are you so weak and wasted?" they ask, "You have everything! A wealthy husband, a life of luxury. What could you possibly lack?"

Zuleika, in her wisdom, decides to show them the source of her suffering. She arranges a lavish banquet for all the women of Egypt. She instructs her servants to prepare a feast and places knives on the table, ostensibly for peeling oranges. But this isn't about the oranges, is it? This is a carefully orchestrated setup.

Then comes the moment she's been waiting for. Joseph, adorned in magnificent robes, enters the room to serve the guests. And here's where the story takes a truly remarkable turn. As Joseph appears, the women are so struck by his beauty that they are utterly mesmerized. They can’t tear their eyes away. Completely lost in the spectacle, they begin to cut their own hands with the knives, the oranges forgotten, blood mingling with the fruit. They are so enraptured by Joseph's presence that they don't even register the pain.

The opulent setting, the aroma of the feast, and then, the collective gasp as Joseph enters. The clatter of knives, the crimson stain spreading on the pristine white tablecloths. It's a vivid image, one that speaks to the overwhelming power of beauty and desire. It’s a moment of collective, almost trance-like, experience. The women are so overwhelmed that they are outside of themselves.

What does this story tell us? Is it about the dangers of unchecked desire? The captivating power of beauty? Or perhaps, a glimpse into the human capacity for being completely consumed by a single emotion? Whatever you take away from it, it's a reminder that the stories we find in our tradition are rich with complex characters and situations that continue to resonate with us today.

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Legends of the Jews 1:121Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

Legends of the Jews turns to Marriage of Zuleika of Joseph.

That Zuleika, having exhausted all other options, decided to resort to force. Now, that might sound extreme, but remember, She was used to getting her way. But what could she possibly do?

The moment she'd been waiting for finally arrived during the annual flooding of the Nile. It was tradition for everyone – princes, commoners, men, women – to celebrate by the river, with music and festivities. But Zuleika, feigning illness, stayed behind. This was her chance, she believed.

The scene: Zuleika, alone in her palace, rising from her bed. She makes her way to the hall of state, not in a weakened state, but with renewed determination. She dresses herself in the finest princely garments, adorning her head with precious stones – onyx set in silver and gold. We can almost see her, can't we?

But it doesn't stop there. She beautifies her face and body, using all sorts of preparations for women. The air fills with the scents of cassia and frankincense. Myrrh and aloes are spread throughout the house. Every detail, every sense is being meticulously manipulated to create an atmosphere of irresistible allure.

Finally, Zuleika positions herself at the entrance to the hall, in the vestibule leading into the house, the very path Joseph would take to his work. She’s created a trap, a sensory overload designed to break his resolve.

What happens next? Well, that’s a story for another time.

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