5 min read

The Pit That Followed Joseph Across Four Generations

The Midianites followed circling birds looking for water. They found a boy in a dry pit. Years later Joseph looked into that hole again and blessed God.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. Swords at the Rim
  2. Why Midian Paid Later
  3. Manasseh Between Two Tongues
  4. Jacob Heard and Did Not Believe
  5. The Blessing Over the Same Hole

Seven Midianite traders were thirsty. They had been traveling the hill country of Canaan when they saw birds circling over a low place in the ground and assumed there was water below.

The Pit That Followed Joseph Across Four Generations Click for full size

They went to look. What they found at the bottom of the pit was not water. It was a boy.

He was screaming. He was beautiful in a way that made any cover story thin. They dragged Joseph up and asked who he was, who had thrown him into a pit in the wilderness.

Swords at the Rim

They had to pass the brothers. The brothers called out. "Why have you stolen our slave? We threw the lad into the pit because he was disobedient. Give him back."

The Midianites looked from the boy to the men and laughed. "This lad, you say, is your slave? More likely you are slaves to him. In beauty he excels you all. Why will you speak lies? We found him in the wilderness, in a pit, and we will carry him away."

"Restore our slave," the sons of Jacob said, "lest you meet death at the edge of the sword."

The merchants held their ground. They paid the price. They took the boy south toward Egypt. The brothers stood at the edge of the pit they had thrown him into, holding twenty pieces of silver, watching the caravan disappear. The purchase was too cheap for what they had taken, and none of them yet knew the debt would travel.

Why Midian Paid Later

When Moses led the campaign against Midian in the wilderness, the old sale came due. Midian had handled Joseph. They had been the hands that moved a free son into slavery in a foreign country. They had profited from a transaction in which a person was sold.

The accounting did not come for a vague wickedness. It came for a specific afternoon when birds had circled over a boy in a hole and led thirsty merchants to the worst bargain of their lives. Four generations would touch that hole before it was done traveling.

Manasseh Between Two Tongues

Joseph rose in Egypt and became second in the land. He had sons. The eldest was Manasseh, who stood as interpreter when the brothers came down in the famine.

The brothers did not know the viceroy understood Hebrew. They spoke freely. Manasseh translated both ways, a young man fluent in a language his uncles did not think the throne could hear. He did not know he was standing at the rim of the same pit.

Joseph decided to keep Simeon as hostage. Simeon and Levi had advised that Joseph be put to death. Reuben and Judah had saved him. Joseph did not detain Levi too. He feared that if both remained, Egypt might suffer what Shechem had suffered. Simeon was the one who had lowered him into the pit. That grudge was particular. Manasseh spoke the words that bound Simeon, and still did not know whose wound he was touching.

Jacob Heard and Did Not Believe

When the brothers came home arrayed in gifts and said Joseph lives, he is ruler over all Egypt, Jacob's heart went numb. He had been living inside his son's death for twenty years. Liars are not believed even when they finally tell the truth, and these sons had lied to him before.

Joseph had known that. He had given them a sign. "Tell him that when I left to see whether it was well with you, he had been teaching me the law of the heifer whose neck is broken in the valley." They repeated it. The last of Jacob's doubt went out.

"Great is the steadfastness of my son Joseph," he said. "In spite of all his sufferings he has remained constant. Never did I hope to set eyes upon Joseph again, and now I shall go down to him and behold him before my death."

The Blessing Over the Same Hole

After Jacob died and was buried in the Cave of Machpelah, Joseph passed the pit on the way back. Esau's sons were already losing their independence to Kittim, where Abimenos ruled until the thirty-eighth year of his reign. Joseph was not looking at Kittim. He was looking down into the hole.

"Blessed be God who permitted a miracle to come to pass for me here."

The brothers heard gratitude and counted it as a threat. Their father was gone. Joseph had stopped seating them at his table, not from hatred but because he would not sit above Judah the king and Reuben the firstborn now that Jacob was not there to command it. They did not know that. They sent a message and claimed Jacob had left instructions.

"Forgive now the guilt of your brethren and their sin, for they committed evil against you. Forgive, I beseech you, the guilt of the servants of the God of your father."

Joseph wept. "Am I in the place of God? You meant evil against me, and God meant it for good."

He had looked into the pit and blessed. They had looked at the same pit and feared. The hole in Canaan had not closed. It had followed them into Egypt, into a son's interpreting mouth, into a father's last hope, and back to the rim where a grown man finally said the blessing his brothers could not trust.


← All myths

From the tradition

Sources

5 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews 1:27Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

The familiar version gives us the basics: Joseph, the favored son, with his infamous coat, is tossed into a pit by his jealous brothers. But what happened exactly down there? And how did he go from pit to Potiphar's house?

In Legends of the Jews, that incredible compilation of rabbinic lore by Rabbi Louis Ginzberg, things get pretty interesting. While Joseph's brothers were still arguing about what to do with him, a group of Midianite merchants just happened to be passing by.

These weren't just any merchants,. They were drawn to the pit by circling birds, assuming there was water down there. Thirsty after their travels, they approached, hoping for a drink. Instead, they heard something else: Joseph's cries.

Peering into the pit, they saw him – a "youth of beautiful figure and comely appearance," as Ginzberg puts it. They hauled him out and, naturally, asked, "Who are you? How did you get down there?"

Now, here’s where it gets even more intriguing. As the Midianites continued on their journey with Joseph, they encountered his brothers. And the brothers, trying to cover their tracks, claimed Joseph was a runaway slave. "Why have you done such a thing, to steal our slave and carry him away with you? We threw the lad into the pit, because he was disobedient. Now, then, return our slave to us."

But the Midianites weren’t buying it. They saw through the brothers' deception. "What, this lad, you say, is your slave, your servant? More likely is it that you all are slaves unto him, for in beauty of form, in pleasant looks, and fair appearance, he excelleth you all. Why, then, will you speak lies unto us? We will not give ear unto your words, nor believe you, for we found the lad in the wilderness, in a pit, and we took him out, and we will carry him away with us on our journey."

The sons of Jacob, desperate to keep their secret, even threatened the Midianites: "Restore our slave to us, lest you meet death at the edge of the sword."

Think about this for a moment. The brothers, already guilty of a terrible act, are now willing to resort to violence to maintain their lie! It really paints a picture of their state of mind.

This little detail, not found in the main biblical narrative, adds a layer of complexity to the story. It highlights the brothers' continued deception and the Midianites' role as unwitting saviors. It makes us wonder: were the Midianites simply lucky passersby, or was there a hand of Providence at play, guiding them to that pit at just the right moment?

It also illustrates how folklore and legend can enrich and expand our understanding of even the most familiar stories. It invites us to ask questions, to imagine the untold details, and to appreciate the richness and depth of our tradition. Because sometimes, the most fascinating stories are the ones that fill in the gaps between the lines.

Full source
Legends of the Jews 1:221Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

A monumental work compiled by Louis Ginzberg, the brothers spoke freely, thinking their words were veiled by the interpreter, Manasseh. Little did they know, Joseph understood every syllable of Hebrew.

Why did Joseph choose to hold Simon hostage? The reasoning, as we find in Ginzberg's retelling, is layered with history and a touch of retribution. Joseph remembered the past. Simon, along with Levi, had advocated for his death all those years ago. Only the intervention of Reuben and Judah had spared him. This wasn't mere sibling rivalry; this was a brush with death.

Why not detain Levi as well? Joseph, ever the strategist, feared the combined might of Simon and Levi. The text suggests that if both remained in Egypt, their combined fury could bring devastation, just as they had once brought upon the city of Shechem. Remember that story? It’s a powerful one, demonstrating the strength, and sometimes ruthlessness, of these brothers.

There was another reason for choosing Simon. He wasn't as beloved as Levi. Joseph shrewdly calculated that the brothers would be less likely to violently resist Simon’s detention. Levi, their wise man and high priest, was indispensable. Depriving them of him might provoke a response that could destroy Egypt.

And finally, there’s the personal element. Simon, it was said, was the one who actually lowered Joseph into the pit. This wasn't just about justice; it was about a deeply personal wound. So, with Manasseh acting as interpreter, Joseph set his plan in motion, a plan woven with threads of the past, fear of the present, and a desire for some form of reckoning.

Full source
Legends of the Jews 1:324Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

Perhaps they were discussing the old days, lost loved ones, or maybe even just the weather. We don’t know for sure, but it’s a safe bet Jacob wasn’t expecting what was about to happen.

Suddenly, his sons arrive. Not just any arrival, but a grand entrance! They’re decked out in finery, laden with gifts, all courtesy of Joseph. And they bring incredible news: "Good news! Joseph, your son, is alive! He rules all of Egypt, and he sends you greetings!"

The disbelief? After all these years of mourning, believing Joseph to be dead… it's understandable that Jacob didn’t immediately jump for joy. According to Ginzberg's retelling in Legends of the Jews, Jacob initially refused to believe them. Especially considering the brothers’ history. They had, after all, deceived him before. And as the saying goes, "it is the punishment of the liar that his words are not believed even when he speaks the truth."

Then, the sons opened their packs. They revealed the lavish gifts Joseph had sent to each of them. Seeing this tangible proof, the seeds of doubt began to wither. Still, Joseph, knowing his father, had anticipated this very reaction. He’d given his brothers a secret password, a specific memory to unlock Jacob’s heart.

He had instructed them, "If my father will not believe your words, tell him that when I took leave of him, to see whether it was well with you, he had been teaching me the law of the heifer whose neck is broken in the valley." That law is the eglah arufah (עגלה ערופה), the ritual of the broken-necked heifer, performed when a body is found and the killer is unknown, a way to atone for the unintended shedding of blood.

When they repeated those words, the last vestiges of doubt vanished. The Zohar tells us that these specific words, a reminder of their shared past and Joseph’s dedication to Jewish law even in a foreign land, were the key.

And then, Jacob speaks. A beautiful, powerful declaration: "Great is the steadfastness of my son Joseph. In spite of all his sufferings he has remained constant in his piety. Yea, great are the benefits that the Lord hath conferred upon me. He saved me from the hands of Esau, and from the hands of Laban, and from the Canaanites who pursued after me. I have tasted many joys, and I hope to see more, but never did I hope to set eyes upon Joseph again, and now I shall go down to him and behold him before my death."

It's a moment of profound joy, tinged with the bittersweet awareness of his own mortality. Jacob acknowledges the hardships he’s endured, the miracles he’s witnessed. But the thought of seeing Joseph again, of embracing his son one last time, fills him with a hope he thought long extinguished.

What does this story tell us? Perhaps that even when surrounded by wealth and power, the deepest connections are rooted in shared memories and unwavering faith. Or maybe it's evidence of the enduring power of hope, even in the face of seemingly insurmountable odds. Whatever you take away from it, the reunion of Jacob and Joseph is a story that resonates across generations, a beacon of light in the tradition of Jewish history.

Full source
Legends of the Jews 1:460Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

So ends one era, and another begins.

Can you imagine the emotions swirling within him as he returned from burying his father, Jacob, in the Cave of Machpelah? As he passed the very pit where his brothers had cast him so many years before, he looked down and uttered a blessing: "Blessed be God who permitted a miracle to come to pass for me here!"

It seems innocent enough. A moment of gratitude. But remember, words have power.

His brothers, however, interpreted these words – words, we are told, that Joseph uttered simply because the law required it – very differently. They jumped to the conclusion that Joseph was still harboring resentment, that he was waiting for their father to die so he could finally exact revenge. Ginzberg, in Legends of the Jews, paints a picture of their growing paranoia.

And there was more fuel for their fear. They noticed that since their father's passing, Joseph had stopped inviting them to dine with him. Was this another sign of his hatred? Were they right to be afraid?

But, as is so often the case, appearances can be deceiving. Joseph's motivations were far more complex, and arguably, more noble. "So long as my father was alive," Joseph reasoned, "he bade me sit at the head of the table, though Judah is king, and Reuben is the first-born. It was my father's wish, and I complied with it." See, Joseph was honoring his father.

But now? Now things were different. "But now it is not seemly that I should have the first seat in their presence, and yet, being ruler of Egypt, I cannot yield my place to any other." He couldn't disrespect his brothers by taking precedence, but he couldn't disrespect his position in Egypt either. So, he chose what he thought was the best solution: he simply avoided the situation altogether.

How a simple blessing can be twisted into a threat, a change in dining habits into a sign of malice? Perhaps Joseph’s story reminds us to always strive for understanding, to give others the benefit of the doubt, and to remember that motivations are often far more nuanced than they appear on the surface.

Full source
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan on Genesis 50:17Targum Pseudo-Jonathan on Genesis

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Public Domain

The brothers were terrified. So they did what frightened children do, they invoked the father. "Thus shall you say to Joseph: forgive now the guilt of thy brethren and their sin, for they committed evil against thee. But forgive, I beseech thee, the guilt of the servants of the God of thy father."

The Targum Pseudo-Jonathan on Genesis (50:17), a tannaitic-era Aramaic translation enriched with midrashic expansion, preserves the plea almost word for word from the Hebrew. What the Targum highlights is the hinge the brothers lean on: they do not ask as sons of Jacob. They ask as servants of the God of Jacob.

This is the quiet genius of their appeal. They know Joseph loves their father. They know, too, that Jacob's God is now Joseph's God. So they stack the appeal carefully. First: forgive for our father's sake. Second: forgive for the sake of the God our father served. They are asking Joseph to rise above personal memory and answer to something higher than memory.

Joseph wept.

The Targum does not explain the tears, but the sages who carried this text. And later rabbis who would cite it across our 3,279 texts from Midrash Rabbah, understood them. Joseph wept because he realized the brothers had never truly believed the earlier reconciliation. All these years, they had lived in his house the way a guest lives in a rented room: carefully, always packing.

The takeaway: forgiveness given once may need to be given again, and again, until the one being forgiven can finally unpack.

Full source