Parshat Lech Lecha5 min read

Cain Drew the First Blade and Four Kings Later Died By the Sword

Cain was the first man to raise a blade, and God ruled the sword would return on whoever drew it. Ages later, four kings made war and learned it.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The First Hand to Close Around a Blade
  2. The Sentence Spoken Over the Weapon
  3. The Kings Who Raised the Sword for War
  4. Abraham Divided Himself Against Them in the Dark
  5. The Place Where His Strength Went Out of Him
Cain Drew the First Blade and Four Kings Later Died By the Sword Click for full size

The First Hand to Close Around a Blade

There had been no killer in the world. Then Cain stood up in the field and put an end to that.

His brother lay at his feet. Abel, the younger one, the one who had brought God the firstlings of his flock, did not move. Cain had lifted something against a man, and a man had fallen, and the ground drank what came out of him. No one had ever done this before. There was no word yet for the thing Cain had made.

God spoke to him. "Wicked one," He said. "You have opened the sword in the world."

Cain had invented a thing that would outlive him. Every blade after his was a copy of a copy of that first act in the field, and the wickedness in it did not stay buried with Abel. It stood up and walked. The poor and the needy would learn to fear it. The strong would learn to carry it.

The Sentence Spoken Over the Weapon

But God did not curse only the man. He passed sentence on the weapon itself.

"The wicked have drawn a sword," He said, "to bring down the poor and the needy. Their own sword will enter their own heart."

The words hung over Cain's blade like a debt no one had paid. Cain walked off to build his city and father his line, but the sentence stayed behind him in the field, waiting for the next hand that would raise a blade to make itself great.

It waited a long time.

The Kings Who Raised the Sword for War

Until the days of Amraphel, no one had made war.

Men had killed. Cain had killed, and men after Cain had killed, one hand against one throat. But war was a new thing, an army against an army, kings agreeing to spill blood by the field and the valley. Amraphel and the three kings who marched with him were the first. They drew up their forces and opened the sword in the world the way Cain had opened it, only wider, only with crowns on their heads and nations at their backs.

They believed the sentence over Cain's blade had nothing to do with them. They were kings. They took cities. They dragged captives north.

God watched them raise the weapon, and He said what He had said in the field. "You are wicked. You have opened with the sword." The old sentence, spoken once over a single body in a single field, turned now toward four kings and their armies. Their sword would enter the heart of those same men.

Abraham Divided Himself Against Them in the Dark

Then Abraham rose.

He had no army to match theirs. He divided his small household against them by night, came at them out of the dark from more than one side at once, and the four kings who had opened the sword felt it turn in their own hands. They had drawn it. Now it came back down the length of itself and found them. The men who first made war were the first to be unmade by it. The sentence pronounced over Cain's blade before the flood, before Babel, before anyone had spoken Abraham's name, came due on a single night, and Abraham was the hand that collected it.

He kept after them. He wanted the thing finished.

The Place Where His Strength Went Out of Him

He pursued them as far as Dan, and at Dan his strength went out of him.

Nothing struck him. No wound, no enemy, no wall. He simply stopped being able to run. And the reason was not in front of him. It was under him, in the ground, and in the years that had not yet happened.

Idolatry throws its shadow both ways, forward and backward, the way a man who plants at the very edge of the Sabbatical year is caught by a law that reaches across the border of time. Abraham stood at Dan and felt what the place would one day become. Here a king out of his own descendants, Jeroboam son of Nebat, would set up a made god for Israel to bow before. One calf at Bethel. One calf here, at Dan. The soil already carried it. The future sin bled backward into the earth beneath Abraham's feet, and his legs would not take him another step across it.

Still, he had judged the kings and found them guilty, and that verdict carried him past the place where his strength had failed. He went on as far as Hobah. The sword Cain drew in a field at the beginning of the world had finished its long fall through the generations, and it came to rest at last in the hearts of the men who thought a crown could keep it from them.


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From the tradition

Sources

3 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Lech Lecha 7:1Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Lech Lecha

Translation of the source text.Midrash Tanchuma (Buber), Public Domain, on Sefaria · CC-BY-SA

[(Genesis 14:1:) AND IT CAME TO PASS IN THE DAYS OF AMRAPHEL.] Thus did Rabbi Tanchuma bar Abba begin: "THE WICKED HAVE DRAWN A SWORD, etc.... THEIR SWORD SHALL ENTER THEIR OWN HEART" (Psalms 37:14-15). What is the meaning of "THE WICKED HAVE DRAWN A SWORD"? This is Cain, for until then there had been no killer in the world; but Cain came and opened with killing, as it is said, "AND CAIN ROSE UP [AGAINST ABEL HIS BROTHER AND KILLED HIM]" (Genesis 4:8). The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him: Wicked one, you have opened with the sword in the world. "THE WICKED HAVE DRAWN A SWORD", this is Cain. "TO BRING DOWN THE POOR AND NEEDY", this is Abel. The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him: You have opened the sword in the world; the sword shall enter the heart of that same man. "THEIR SWORD SHALL ENTER THEIR OWN HEART" (Psalms 37:15).

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Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Lech Lecha 7:3Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Lech Lecha

Translation of the source text.Midrash Tanchuma (Buber), Public Domain, on Sefaria · CC-BY-SA

Another interpretation of (Psalms 37:15) "Their sword shall enter their own heart": These are the four kings, Amraphel and his companions, for until now there had been no war in the world. They came and opened with the sword, as it is said (Genesis 14:1), "And it came to pass in the days of Amraphel", they began to make war. The Holy One, blessed be He, said to them: You are wicked! You have opened with the sword. Let the sword enter the heart of those same men, as it is said (Psalms 37:15), "Their sword shall enter their own heart." Immediately Abraham rose up against them and killed them, as it is said (Genesis 14:15), "And he divided himself against them by night."

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Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Lech Lecha 17:1Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Lech Lecha

Translation of the source text.Midrash Tanchuma (Buber), Public Domain, on Sefaria · CC-BY-SA

(Gen. 14:14:) AND HE PURSUED AS FAR AS DAN. Our Rabbis said: What did he see that he pursued as far as Dan? Rather, two things strike before them and after them, and these are they: idolatry, and one who plants on the eve of the Sabbatical year and at the close of the Sabbatical year. Just as one who plants on the eve of the Sabbatical year and at the close of the Sabbatical year is liable, so too idolatry strikes before it and after it. For until now Jeroboam ben Nebat, who made idolatry, had not yet arisen; Abraham saw it, as it is said (in 1 Kings 12:29): AND HE SET ONE IN BETHEL, AND THE OTHER HE [PLACED] IN DAN. And once Abraham reached that place his strength weakened and he did not pursue, as it is said: AND HE PURSUED AS FAR AS DAN, for he judged them and found them guilty, as it is said (in Gen. 14:15): AND HE PURSUED THEM AS FAR AS HOBAH.

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