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The Tongue Killed Three People With One Speech

One careless mouth destroys three lives at once. Midrash Tehillim counts the casualties and names speech as action, not atmosphere.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Tongue Said It Had No Master
  2. One Tongue, Three Deaths
  3. Torah Cured What Hurt Jethro's Daughter
  4. God Turned His Angels Into Fire

The Tongue Said It Had No Master

The wicked say: our lips are with us. Who is master over us? That question is the whole disaster. The person who believes no one governs the mouth has already loosed the weapon. They do not need to shout. They do not even need to raise the voice above a murmur. The word goes out on its own. It enters rooms the speaker never visits. It travels down corridors and across borders the speaker will never walk. It damages people the speaker has already forgotten, people whose faces never come back to mind once the sentence has left the lips.

Midrash Tehillim places Psalm 34 beside Proverbs: keep your tongue from evil, and the one who guards mouth and tongue guards the soul from trouble. To guard the tongue is to guard the self. The mouth is not a small gate. It is the gate through which the whole person passes. The words you release come back as the shape of who you are.

One Tongue, Three Deaths

Doeg the Edomite spoke to Saul about the priests of Nob. He told the truth, as far as it went. The priests had given David bread and a sword. What Doeg omitted was the charity behind the act. What he supplied was the frame of treachery. He laid the facts down like evidence and let the silence around them do the accusing. Saul heard accusation where Doeg offered information, and eighty-five priests died.

Three people fell in one speech. David, who had to flee and live as a hunted man. Ahimelech the priest, who was killed on Saul's order for the crime of feeding a guest. And Doeg himself, who lost his portion in the world to come, undone by the very mouth he had wielded so well. One mouth speaking to one king in one moment carved out three lives.

The midrash refuses to soften this. Speech is action. Words have weight and reach. The tongue is a weapon capable of striking people who are nowhere near the conversation, who never heard the words, who learn of their wounding only when the blade has already arrived. Even Gehinnom, the midrash imagines, is overwhelmed by the mouths that refuse restraint, its fires strained by the endless traffic of the unguarded tongue.

Torah Cured What Hurt Jethro's Daughter

Moses' wife Zipporah was the daughter of Jethro. The tradition names her the one whose tongue Torah could heal. She was not Israelite by birth, but she entered a house where the divine name lived. The midrash sees in her the counterweight to Doeg. Where one person used speech as a weapon, another had speech healed as a gift.

Torah does not only discipline the tongue. It remakes what the tongue can do. The same organ that murders at a distance can, under discipline, become the instrument through which divine names travel. The mouth that buried eighty-five priests and the mouth that carries holiness are the same mouth, divided only by what enters it before the words come out.

God Turned His Angels Into Fire

Psalm 104 says God makes the winds His messengers, the flaming fire His servants. The midrash reads this as a statement about transformation. The angels God sends are not fixed creatures. They can be wind. They can be fire. They take the form the task requires, becoming whatever the errand demands and surrendering it again when the errand is done.

Glory descends the same way. It comes down when Israel is faithful and ascends when Israel fails. The same God who turns angels into fire can turn human speech into something holy or allow it to become something lethal. The mouth is the meeting point where those possibilities decide each other, the small opening where wind and fire wait to learn which one the word will be.


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From the tradition

Sources

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The texts this telling draws on, in full. Open a card to read inline, or expand it for a wider, quieter read.

Midrash Tehillim 52:2Midrash Tehillim

Midrash Tehillim turns to The Tongue Can Kill Even From a Distance.

Midrash Tehillim, a collection of homiletic interpretations on the Book of Psalms, delves deeply into this very idea. It warns us against the arrogance of thinking we can just say whatever we want, simply because we have the "authority" to do so. (Psalm 34:14) gives us clear guidance: "Keep your tongue from evil." It sounds simple, but how often do we truly consider the impact of our words before they leave our lips?

If you think that holding back from harmful speech is no big deal, think again. The Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) reminds us that (Proverbs 21:23) holds a powerful truth: "He who guards his mouth and his tongue, guards his soul from troubles."

It's difficult, isn't it? To truly restrain ourselves. To think before we speak. (Psalm 12:5) captures this struggle perfectly, with the words of those who defiantly proclaim, "With our tongue we will prevail; our lips are with us, who is master over us?" It's a chilling verse, highlighting the arrogance and potential danger of unchecked speech.

The Midrash then asks, who can stand against such individuals in Gehenna (hell)? Even Gehenna itself, feels overwhelmed. It's a vivid image, painting a picture of the destructive force of unrestrained negative speech. God's response, "I am above and you are below," (Psalm 120:4) implies that only divine intervention can truly combat this destructive force.

So, what's the solution? How do we avoid the pitfalls of the unchecked tongue? The Almighty tells Israel, "If you want to be saved from Gehenna, distance yourselves from evil speech, and you will merit the World to Come," echoing (Psalm 34:13), "Who is the man who desires life?"

The Midrash illustrates this with a story about a peddler traveling through the towns of Tzefuria, and expands with a practical example: the simple act of eating figs. If you eat without a blessing, it is death in the power of the tongue; if you eat and bless, it is life in the power of the tongue. Everything comes back to the power of our words.

The Midrash connects the power of speech to the Torah itself. If one merits the Torah, one merits life, because the Torah is called the Tree of Life (Proverbs 3:18). And the Torah becomes a remedy for the tongue, a soothing balm, as (Proverbs 15:4) states: "A soothing tongue is a tree of life."

Therefore, the Midrash concludes, speaking negatively about others is not just a minor offense – it endangers lives! It then makes a startling comparison. Get this: speaking negatively is considered a sin even greater than idol worship, sexual immorality, and murder! While these three sins are described as "great," negative speech is described as "great transgressions." It's a powerful assertion, highlighting the immense damage that gossip and slander can inflict.

The text argues that while killing someone takes one life, speaking negatively can kill three: the speaker, the person spoken about, and the listener. It's a ripple effect of destruction.

To illustrate this, the Midrash tells the story of Doeg, who spoke negatively about Ahimelech before Saul. The consequences were devastating. Saul, Ahimelech, and Doeg all suffered as a result. Saul died for his unfaithfulness (1 (Chronicles 10:1)3), Ahimelech and his household were killed (1 (Samuel 22:1)6), and Doeg was driven from the world (Psalm 52:9). All because of negative speech!

So, what can we take away from all of this? The message is clear: our words have power. They have the power to build up or tear down, to heal or to harm, to bring life or to bring death. Let's strive to use our tongues wisely, to speak with kindness, compassion, and intention. Because ultimately, the quality of our lives, and the lives of those around us, depends on it.

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Midrash Tehillim 104:4Midrash Tehillim

The Midrash Tehillim, a collection of homiletic interpretations of the Book of Psalms, offers a fascinating perspective on these qualities, especially in relation to God, and how they trickle down to us.

It starts with a striking contrast: human strength and beauty are often mutually exclusive. Someone physically imposing might lack grace, while someone beautiful might lack inner fortitude. But the Kadosh Baruch Hu, The Holy One, Blessed be He, possesses both glory and splendor. He doesn’t just have one or the other. He is both, simultaneously.

It doesn't stop there. God shares these qualities. The Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) goes on to illustrate how God bestowed glory upon Moses. Remember when God tells Moses in (Numbers 27:20), "You shall invest him with some of your splendor”? And then splendor was given to Joshua, described in (Deuteronomy 33:17) as having "majesty.” And then there's Solomon, who, according to (1 (Chronicles 29:2)5), was made "exceedingly great…and bestowed upon him royal majesty.”

These weren't just random gifts; they were deliberate acts of divine empowerment.

But here's where it gets really interesting. The Midrash suggests that the bestowing of glory and splendor isn't limited to these monumental figures. God, it says, will give both glory and splendor to the King Messiah, as alluded to in (Psalm 21:4): "For You set on his head a crown of fine gold."

But it still doesn't end there! According to the Midrash Tehillim, it’s not just for the Messiah. Anyone who "toils in Torah" – anyone who dedicates themselves to studying and understanding God’s teachings – can also partake in this divine gift. What kind of "works" are being discussed? Well, the Midrash points to the Tablets of the Law themselves! (Exodus 32:16) tells us, "The tablets were the work of God, and the writing was the writing of God, engraved upon the tablets." These aren't just any works; they are the very embodiment of divine wisdom, and those who engage with them are promised a reward.

That reward? "Splendor and majesty are His work, and His righteousness endures forever," as (Psalm 111:3) says.

So, what's the takeaway? It’s more than just a nice story about God handing out prizes. It suggests that by engaging with Torah, by wrestling with its complexities and finding joy in its teachings, we, too, can be "clothed in glory and splendor." It's not about ego or outward show, but about reflecting the divine light within ourselves through righteous action and dedicated study.

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