Parshat Chukat6 min read

The Twin Hills That Crushed the Ambush at the Arnon

Enemy armies hid in the caves of the Arnon to ambush Israel, but the Ark drew two hills together and sealed the killers in stone.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Hills That Leaned Toward Each Other
  2. The Caves Closed Like a Fist
  3. The Well That Carried the Dead Into the Light
  4. The Lepers Cast Outside the Cloud
  5. The Song They Gave the Well

The Amorites crouched in the dark of the caves and waited for the sound of feet. Above them rose two hills, set so close across the gorge of the Arnon that a man on one slope could call to a man on the other. The rock between them was honeycombed with hollows, and into those hollows the warriors had packed themselves with their spears and their bows, breathing the cold cave air, certain of what the next morning would bring.

They had heard that Israel meant to pass this way. The valley narrowed to a throat here, and a people on the march would have to file through it single by single, the strong and the weak and the children, none of them looking up. "When they come down into the gap," the Amorites told one another, "we fall on them from both sides at once, and not one of them climbs back out."

The Hills That Leaned Toward Each Other

What the men in the caves did not know was that Israel never walked alone. The Ark went before the camp, and the mountains knew it. Wherever the Ark moved, high ground sank and low ground rose, so that the road lay flat under the feet of the people. It had leveled hills before. It was leveling them now, and the two cliffs of the Arnon felt it coming.

The hills stood like two breasts above the valley floor, one rooted in the land of Moab, one reaching back toward the land that had been promised to Israel. And the hill on Israel's side could see what waited in the clefts of the hill across from it. It saw the spears. It saw the men folded into the rock with murder in their hands. It saw the children of Israel about to walk into the throat of the gorge.

A maidservant who spots her mistress's son wandering toward a pit does not stop to ask permission. She runs. So the hill that belonged to the Promised Land lurched across the gap toward the hill of Moab, the way a body throws itself between a child and a falling wall.

The Caves Closed Like a Fist

The two cliffs came together over the gorge. The rock of one slammed into the rock of the other, and every cleft that held a hidden man closed on him at once. There was no battle. There was no warning shout that Israel could hear. The mountains met, the caves sealed, and the Amorite host that had been sure of its ambush was crushed inside the stone before a single arrow left a single string.

Then the hills settled back. The valley reopened. The land lay quiet and flat, and the dust drifted down, and there was nothing on the surface to say that an army had ever been there. Israel came down into the gorge of the Arnon and walked through the gap, file by file, the strong and the weak and the children, and passed out the other side, and went on. Not one of them had felt the ground shift. Not one of them knew how close the spears had been.

The Well That Carried the Dead Into the Light

God did not want the rescue to go unseen. There is an old saying: if you give a child a piece of bread, go and tell its mother, so the kindness is known. The miracle had been done in the dark, inside the rock, where no eye could reach it, and God meant for Israel to know what He had spent on their behalf.

The Well that followed the camp turned aside. This was the well that gave Israel water in the wilderness, that ran out in rivers and curled around the tribes. Now it poured itself into the sealed caves of the Arnon, searched the crushed clefts, washed them out, and came back into the open carrying what it had found. Down the valley the water ran, bright as the moon, and floating on it came the broken bodies of the men who had lain in wait.

Israel stood at the water's edge and stared. They had grumbled and marched and grumbled again, and they had passed the most dangerous mile of the whole road without knowing it. Now the well laid the proof at their feet, and the people understood at last what had been done for them while they walked, unaware, between two hills.

The Lepers Cast Outside the Cloud

There is another telling of how Israel learned of it. Beyond the cloud that covered the people walked two who could not enter, two lepers kept apart by their affliction. The cloud that leveled the road and guarded the tribes had cast them to its edge, and so they were the ones standing where they could look down into the gorge.

They watched the blood of the Amorites come out of the caves, where no clean man inside the cloud could have seen it. The two who had been kept outside ran to the camp with the news, and it was from the mouths of the rejected that Israel first heard how the mountains had closed on the enemy.

The Song They Gave the Well

So Israel sang. Not to the manna, the bread that fell from heaven every morning, for they had complained about the manna too many times, and God would not let them praise now what they had faulted before. They sang to the well. Twelve princes stood over its mouth, and the people lifted their voices to the water that had run around their camp and washed the dead out of the rock and shown them the vengeance worked on their behalf.

"Spring up, O well," they sang into the valley of the Arnon, where the two hills stood quiet again above the flattened road. The water that endures only in low places, the way Torah endures only in those who make themselves low, ran on past them into the gorge it had cleansed, and the people went up out of the wilderness toward the land that had leaned across a valley to save them.


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From the tradition

Sources

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The texts this telling draws on, in full. Open a card to read inline, or expand it for a wider, quieter read.

Legends of the Jews 5:88Legends of the Jews

One such tale unfolds as the Israelites journey toward the Promised Land, a journey fraught with peril, both seen and unseen. As they approached the border, a rather peculiar event occurred involving two mountains. According to Legends of the Jews, as retold by Ginzberg, it wasn't just any mountain that moved, but specifically the rocky mountain marking the beginning of the Promised Land. The very land itself, eager to welcome its people, leaped forward as Israel approached from the Moabite mountain. It awaited them most longingly.

The surrounding nations, the "heathens" as they're sometimes called, harbored hostile intentions. They plotted to ambush the Israelites, a threat completely unknown to them. Imagine marching forward, oblivious to the danger lurking just around the bend!

God, in His infinite wisdom, orchestrated a subtle, yet profound revelation. You know the well that miraculously reappeared for the Israelites at Beeroth? God commanded it to flow past the caves where the heathens lay in wait. As it flowed, it washed out fragments of corpses, revealing the carnage of a battle the Israelites never even knew occurred. An old proverb says: "If you give a piece of bread to a child, tell its mother about it." God, likewise, wanted Israel to know the great miracles He had accomplished for their sake.

The Israelites, their eyes fixed on the well, now flowing powerfully through the valley of Arnon, gleaming like the moon. And what does it carry? The grim evidence of a divine intervention. As the Midrash Rabbah tells us, only then did they discover the incredible miracles that had been wrought for them.

It wasn't just the mountains moving to clear their path, only to move apart again, but God actively shielded them from a devastating attack. This realization sparked an outpouring of gratitude, a song of praise dedicated to the well that revealed the hidden miracle.

This story, found in Ginzberg's Legends of the Jews, is more than just an ancient anecdote. It's a reminder that we're often unaware of the forces working to protect us, the subtle miracles unfolding behind the scenes. It encourages us to look beyond the obvious, to recognize the unseen hand guiding our journey. Perhaps the challenges we face aren't always what they seem. Maybe, just maybe, they're concealing an even greater blessing, a hidden miracle waiting to be revealed.

Full source
Midrash Aggadah, Numbers 21:14Midrash Aggadah

"Therefore it is said in the Book of the Wars of the LORD." This is the book of And these are the names (Exodus), in which is written the war that the Holy One, blessed be He, made against Egypt, and the war at the Sea, as it is said, "The LORD will fight for you, and you shall hold your peace" (Exodus 14:14), this is the war of the Sea; "for the LORD fights for them against Egypt" (Exodus 14:25), this is the war of Egypt. What is written there? Just as the Holy One, blessed be He, did for them at the Red Sea, as it is said, "till Your people pass over, O LORD, till the people pass over whom You have acquired" (Exodus 15:16). "Till they pass the brooks of Arnon", "till they pass the Jordan." Therefore it is said, "Vahev in Suphah," that which He gave at the Sea, so He did at the brooks of Arnon. And what miracles were done for them at the brooks of Arnon? When the Amorites heard that Israel wished to pass the brooks of Arnon, and there were caves there, the Amorites hid themselves there, and they thought in their hearts: when Israel passes, we will make war with them and slay them. But they did not know that the Ark went with them and lowered the mountains before them. When it arrived there, there were two mountains resembling two breasts, and the Ark brought them together into the caves, and they were all slain. And this is what is written, "and the slope of the brooks", these are the two mountains "which incline toward the dwelling of Ar, and lean upon the border of Moab." A parable: to what is the matter like? To a maidservant who saw the son of her mistress in danger and went to save him; so was that mountain which had the breasts upon it, and they were upon the land of Israel; and when it saw that Israel were in danger within it, it inclined toward the dwelling of Ar to save them. And who told this to Israel? The Rabbis explain: there were two lepers there, "Vahev in Suphah," and the cloud cast them outside, and they saw the blood of the Amorites that came forth from the caves, and they came and told Israel. And the Rabbis of the Land of Israel explain that the Well went with them and entered those caves and brought forth the dead from there, and therefore it is said, "and from there to Beer" (Numbers 21:16), for there the Well passed; and through it occurred the miracles that the Holy One, blessed be He, did for them, and He made known to them the vengeance He had wrought upon their enemies.

Full source
Legends of the Jews 5:92Legends of the Jews

The ancient Israelites did something similar with manna, that miraculous food from heaven. As the story goes, they sang a song not to the manna, but to the well that accompanied them on their journey. Why? Because, as the verse says, they'd grumbled about the manna more than once. So, God, in a way only God can, said, "I don't want you faulting the manna, and I don't want you praising it now either!" He wouldn't let them sing its praises.

It's a fascinating little detail, isn't it? A reminder that gratitude shouldn't be an afterthought.

The miracles didn’t stop there. Oh no. Think of the crushing of those hidden in the caves of the mountain at Arnon as just the opening act. The real drama unfolded at Arnon, too, with the clash between Israel and Sihon, King of the Amorites.

Sihon wasn't just any king. And this wasn’t just any battle. This was personal.

See, barely a month had passed since Aaron's death when Sihon and his people came charging at Israel. But who was Sihon? The text says he, along with Og, King of Bashan, were sons of Ahiah, whose father was none other than Shemhazai – one of the Watchers! We find this connection in Ginzberg's Legends of the Jews, painting a picture of beings touched by the celestial.

Sihon, true to his semi-divine, semi-corrupted origins, was a giant. We’re not talking metaphorical giant. We're talking a physical behemoth, a being that dwarfed everything around him. No one, apparently, could stand against him. the verse says, Sihon was taller than any tower in the world! His thigh-bone alone measured eighteen cubits – and we're talking about the BIG cubit of that time! It's almost comical, this image of a king whose body was so outsized.

But don't think he was just a big lug. Sihon was fast, too. That's actually why he was called Sihon, which means "foal." It signified his incredible speed. His true name, though, was Arad.

So, picture this: A massive, towering giant, the son of a descendant of Watchers, charging across the battlefield with surprising speed. Is it any wonder the Israelites might have felt a little intimidated?

What does this all mean? Is it just a cool story about giants and angels? Or is there something deeper here? Maybe it's about facing our fears, those seemingly insurmountable obstacles that loom large in our lives. Maybe it's about remembering that even the mightiest giants have their weaknesses. Or perhaps it's a reminder that sometimes, the battles we face are far older, and far more complex, than we realize.

Full source
Midrash Aggadah, Numbers 21:19Midrash Aggadah

"And from Mattanah to Nahaliel" (Numbers 21:19), for that goodness with which He gave them drink in the wilderness by means of the well. And it went down with them to the valleys of Arnon, and from the valleys of Arnon it went up with them to the high places (bamoth) of the mountains, and from the high places it went down with them to the valley that is in the field of Moab, for that valley looked out from the high places upon the face of the wasteland (Jeshimon).

Another interpretation: "And from there to Beer" (Numbers 21:16), when Israel reached settled land, the well was taken away from them, and Israel spoke a song over it, as it is said, "Then Israel sang" (Numbers 21:17). And why was the name of Moses our teacher not mentioned over the well? Because he was punished through it, for the Holy One, blessed be He, swore on account of it that Moses would not enter the Land. Israel began to speak the praise of the well.

Another interpretation: "A well that the princes dug" (Numbers 21:18), this is the Torah, which was kept by Abraham and Jacob, as it is said of Abraham, "And he kept My charge, My commandments, My statutes, and My laws" (Genesis 26:5), and of Jacob it is said, "And Jacob was a plain man, dwelling in tents" (Genesis 25:27).

"That the nobles of the people delved", these are Israel, who received it from Sinai, and through it they are called nobles, as it is said, "The nobles of the peoples are gathered together" (Psalms 47:10). And because they were blessed through its voice, they therefore merited kingship, as it is said, "And you shall be unto Me a kingdom of priests" (Exodus 19:6).

"With the lawgiver (mehokek)", by means of Moses, who is called lawgiver. "With their staffs (mish'anotam)", for they leaned (nish'anu) upon Moses, in that they accepted everything he told them from the mouth of the Holy One, blessed be He, to keep, as it is said, "Speak you with us, and we will hear" (Exodus 20:19).

"And from the wilderness, a gift (Mattanah)", whoever makes himself like the wilderness, the Torah is given to him as a gift. For this reason the Torah is likened to water: just as water cannot stand in a high place, and goes only to a low place, so too the Torah endures only in one who makes himself like the wilderness.

"And from Mattanah to Nahaliel", since the Torah was given to him as a gift, he inherited God (nahalu El). "And from Nahaliel to Bamoth (the high places)", since he inherited God, he rose to greatness, as it is said, "And from Nahaliel to Bamoth." But if he exalts himself, the Holy One, blessed be He, brings him low, as it is said, "And from Bamoth to the valley" (Numbers 21:20).

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