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Heaven Helped Zepho Win His Wars, Then Zepho Welcomed Balaam

Zepho of Kittim won with help from heaven, then kept Esau's idols. When Balaam fled Africa, the king opened his court to dark wisdom.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. A Victory No Captain Ordered
  2. The House That Taught Him Otherwise
  3. Dust From Africa at the Gate
  4. The Seat Beside the Throne
  5. What the Hall Smelled Of
Heaven Helped Zepho Win His Wars, Then Zepho Welcomed Balaam Click for full size

A Victory No Captain Ordered

Zepho counted the enemy line at first light and knew the arithmetic was against him. He was king in Kittim, the land of ships, and he had won his earlier wars with the ordinary tools of kings, which are money, allies, and a reserve held back until the other side commits. None of those were going to carry that morning. So he gave the orders a losing man gives, and rode out to watch his own defeat.

The field turned anyway. It turned at a place he had not reinforced and at an hour he had not chosen, and when it was over his officers walked the churned ground looking for someone to credit and came up empty. Zepho did not come up empty. He had felt the scale move under a weight he never set on it, because God had helped him win a battle he had no business winning.

A man who has felt that should go home and empty his temples. Zepho went home and had the temples swept.

The House That Taught Him Otherwise

He had been raised on a different account of how a battle is won. His fathers, the sons of Esau, had gone to war against the sons of Seir over grievances older than any man then living, and they had not gone alone. A messenger slipped out to Agnias, king of Africa, and Agnias sent foot soldiers and mounted men, because that is what a friend with troops is for. The sons of Seir answered by hiring the Midianites and the children of the East.

It went badly for Esau's line, and it went badly for a reason nobody in the family said out loud. Their own men were crossing the field in the middle of the fighting and turning up in the enemy's ranks. They were beaten, and beaten again, until the desert of Paran, where the whole thing finally swung. They killed every warrior the sons of Seir could put on the sand, and the Midianites and the children of the East ran for the hills.

So the family rule came down to Zepho intact. Buy the right ally, outlast your own deserters, and the field is yours. Paran had been won by men. This new battle had not been, and he knew the difference the way anyone knows the difference between a door he pushed and a door that swung open in front of him. Since the new fact would not fit inside the old rule, he did what his house had always done with facts that would not fit. He kept the crown and let the question go. Out of the wicked comes forth wickedness, the old proverb says, and Zepho was not other than the rest of Esau's sons.

Dust From Africa at the Gate

Then a steward came in with word that a man was standing at the gate on foot, African dust to the knee, and that Agnias had broken him in the field.

Zepho lost a breath to the name. Agnias was the friend who had saved his fathers. Agnias was the reason there had been anybody left standing at Paran to call it a victory. Whoever this man was, he had stood on the far side of that same king and been destroyed there, which made him either a warning delivered to Zepho's door or a bargain walking up the road. Zepho had about the length of time it takes a beaten man to lift his head, and he used it to decide the man was a bargain.

The stranger gave his name as Balaam. He carried the wreckage of a career and none of the shame of it, and he spoke in the manner of men who read birds and bowls and the twitch of a liver. Zepho welcomed him and took him in with honors, because the depth of the man's wisdom impressed him.

The Seat Beside the Throne

So the court of Kittim acquired a diviner. He was given a place near the throne, and a place near the throne is not a decoration. It is where a king's questions go at night, after the audiences are finished, when there is no army watching and no priest to perform for.

Zepho had one question he could have asked in that hour, and it was the only one worth the asking, since he had been carried through a battle by a power that wanted nothing from him except to be named. He asked the other things instead. He asked the man from Africa what the signs said, and what the neighboring kings intended, and what a curse cost if a curse were ever wanted, because Balaam sold that too, and would sell it years later to a king who wanted Israel cursed off the face of the earth.

The temples of Kittim stayed full. The gods of the country kept their niches and their portions of meat, and Esau's habits kept theirs, and a king who had been pulled out of a losing field by the God of Jacob never once said so in a room where saying it would have cost him anything.

What the Hall Smelled Of

A man who walks into a tanner's yard does not have to buy a hide. He can touch nothing and trade nothing, stand in the doorway a minute and leave, and the smell goes home in his clothes and stays there for days. It works the same in a perfumer's shop, where a man who buys nothing still comes out sweet, which is why the wise say that whoever walks with wise men grows wise and the companion of fools is broken (Proverbs 13:20).

Zepho bought nothing from Balaam that first night. He only sat with him. He sat with him the next night as well, and the night after that, and before long his questions were arriving already shaped for the kind of answer a diviner gives, which is the kind that never requires a king to change anything.

Out in the harbor the ships of Kittim went on loading for ports that would one day answer to other names. In the hall the incense went up the way it always had. It never did cover the other smell.


← All myths

From the tradition

Sources

3 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews 1:447Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

Legends of the Jews turns to Zepho Won with God's Help Then Kept Worshipping Idols.

Despite God's help, Zepho, the king of Kittim – often associated with Cyprus and sometimes Rome – remained entrenched in the idolatrous practices of his kingdom. He continued down the path of the "sons of Esau." Remember Esau? The brother of Jacob, often seen as representing a more worldly, less spiritual path.

It reminds me of that old proverb: "Out of the wicked cometh forth wickedness." Zepho, alas, proved to be no exception. His lineage, his environment, perhaps even his own choices, kept him bound to a less-than-righteous path.

Enter another key player: Balaam. Remember him from the Torah? He was the non-Israelite prophet hired to curse the Israelites, but who ultimately ended up blessing them instead (Numbers 22-24).

After suffering a crushing defeat at the hands of Agnias, Balaam fled from Africa to Kittim. And guess who welcomed him with open arms? Zepho.

Why? Because Zepho was deeply impressed by Balaam's "deep wisdom." It’s a fascinating, and frankly, disturbing alliance. What kind of wisdom are we talking about here? What exactly did Balaam have to offer a king who had already witnessed divine intervention?

Sometimes, even after experiencing the extraordinary, we can still be drawn to the familiar comfort of less-than-ideal influences. And sometimes, the "wisdom" of the world can be a dangerous distraction from a more profound truth.

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Legends of the Jews 1:430Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

It continues, full of ancient grudges and, yes, even more battles.

In Ginzberg's retelling in, Legends of the Jews, the sons of Esau weren’t exactly thrilled with the sons of Seir, descendants of a Horite chieftain. Apparently, old rivalries die hard.

So, what did the sons of Esau do? They did what anyone would do in those days – they sent a secret messenger to their buddy, Agnias, the king of Africa. "Hey," they probably said, "we need some help against these Seir fellas." And Agnias, being a good friend (or perhaps seeing an opportunity), sent troops: foot soldiers, cavalry – the whole shebang.

The sons of Seir weren't just going to sit around and wait to be conquered! They had friends too! They reached out to the children of the East and the Midianites. These allies provided warriors, ready to stand alongside the sons of Seir.

Now, imagine the scene: armies clashing, swords flashing, the desert air thick with dust and tension. According to the Legends, the sons of Esau initially kept losing! Ginzberg tells us that part of the reason for this was treachery within their own ranks! Some of Esau's men were deserting, switching sides mid-battle! Talk about disloyalty!

But the tide eventually turned. In a massive battle that took place in the desert of Paran, the sons of Esau finally secured a decisive victory. A major victory. They massacred all the warriors of the sons of Seir, and the Midianites and the children of the East were sent running for the hills.

What does this all mean? Maybe it's a reminder that peace, even after reconciliation, is never truly guaranteed. Maybe it’s a cautionary tale about the dangers of relying on allies, and the importance of loyalty. Or maybe, just maybe, it’s simply a thrilling adventure story from a time long ago, a glimpse into a world where battles were fought in the desert and alliances were forged – and broken – with alarming ease. Whatever it is, the story of Esau's descendants reminds us that the past is always with us, shaping the present in ways we may not even realize.

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Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 25:9Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Pirke de Rabbi Eliezer, trans. Rabbi Gerald Friedlander, London (1916) · CC-BY

Our tradition teaches us that we are deeply influenced by our surroundings, and especially by the people we choose to spend our time with.

Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer, a fascinating early medieval text, explores this very idea in its 25th chapter. It all begins with a powerful verse from Proverbs (13:20): "He who walketh with wise men shall be wise: but the companion of fools shall be broken." What does it really mean to "walk" with someone? Is it just physical proximity? Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer unpacks this idea with a vivid analogy.

Walking into a perfumer's shop. The air is thick with fragrant oils, exotic spices, and delicate floral notes. Even if you don't buy anything, even if you just browse for a moment, you leave with a trace of that beautiful scent clinging to your clothes, your hair, your very being. "Likewise," the text explains, "everyone who walks with the righteous acquires some of their good ways and deeds." You absorb something positive, something uplifting, simply by being in their presence. It's almost like spiritual osmosis.

The reverse is also true. Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer presents another, less pleasant, image: a tannery. The air here is heavy with the stench of hides and chemicals. It's a harsh, unpleasant smell that seems to cling to you, no matter how quickly you leave. "Likewise," we are warned, "he who walks with the wicked acquires some of their evil ways and deeds." It’s not about judgment, but about the simple reality of influence.

The lesson is clear: choose your company wisely. We are constantly being shaped by the people around us, whether we realize it or not. This isn't just about avoiding "bad influences," it's about actively seeking out those who inspire us to be better versions of ourselves. It's about surrounding ourselves with people who embody the values we aspire to.

So, who are you walking with? And what "scent" are you carrying with you?

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