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David Was Born a Stranger in His Father's House

Adam lay unformed across the whole world while the generations filed past him. One of them was a boy with three hours of life.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. Adam Lay Unformed Across the World
  2. The Deed Signed by God and Metatron
  3. The Night Nazbat Took the Slave's Place
  4. The Son Nobody Sent For
David Was Born a Stranger in His Father's House Click for full size

Adam Lay Unformed Across the World

Before Adam had a shape he had a size. God made him unfinished and enormous, a body stretched from one end of the earth to the other, east to west and north to south, filling even the empty places, lying there like a landscape while the work of making him went on.

And while he lay there, God walked the future past him.

Every generation that would ever live came by in order. Their scholars. Their judges. The men who would argue for a lifetime over the meaning of one letter, the leaders, the ones who would be remembered and the ones who would not. Adam watched them file across his own unfinished body, and every one of them had already been written down in the book.

Then a small one came past with almost nothing next to his name. Three hours. That was the whole allotment.

A man who has been promised a thousand years does not usually stop over three hours. Adam stopped.

The Deed Signed by God and Metatron

Adam had a thousand years coming to him. He asked for seventy of them to be taken off and given to the boy with three hours.

It was not done as a kindness between friends. A deed of gift was drawn up and signed, and the second signature on it belonged to the angel Metatron. Seventy years were conveyed out of one man's account into another's, in writing, witnessed. Adam attached conditions to the transfer, the way a man does when he hands over something he cannot get back. The years were to arrive with beauty. With rule over other men. And with the gift of song.

The boy's name was David.

The Night Nazbat Took the Slave's Place

Jesse was a righteous man, and one night his own household beat him. A slave girl in his house caught his eye and he made up his mind to have her.

Nazbat, his wife, the daughter of Adiel, worked it out before he did. She did not confront him. She dressed herself as the slave and went to him in the dark, and Jesse, certain of who he was sinning with, spent the night with his own wife.

She conceived. Then she had to decide what to tell him.

The truth would mean telling her husband that she had caught him mid-sin and tricked him out of it, and leaving him to live with what he had intended to do. So she said nothing. The child was announced as the son of the slave, who was set free, and the household believed it, and Jesse believed it. That is how the boy grew up in his father's house: born a stranger inside it, counted as a servant's son.

Seven brothers ate inside. The eighth was the one they sent out with the flock, and he stayed out with it, in the hills above Bethlehem, weeks at a stretch, because nobody in that house could say for certain whose he was and nobody wanted the question asked out loud at the table.

The Son Nobody Sent For

Years later the prophet Samuel came to Bethlehem with a horn of oil and told Jesse to bring out his sons.

Jesse brought them. Eliab first, the tall one, and Samuel looked at him and was certain. Abinadab next. Then Shammah. Seven sons walked past the prophet and the answer each time was no.

Samuel asked whether that was all of them.

There was a pause before Jesse answered. Then he said there was one more, the youngest, out with the sheep. Samuel refused to sit down to the meal until somebody went and fetched him. They brought him in from the field, flushed from the run and smelling of animals, the son of the servant woman, and God told Samuel to get up and pour the oil, because this was the one.

He had seventy years to spend, and a voice, and a face men followed, all of it signed over to him before the world had finished making the man who gave them away.


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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews 4:5Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

Jesse, David's father, was a righteous man, no doubt. But even the most devout aren't immune to temptation, are they? The Legends of the Jews tells us of a moment when Jesse found himself drawn to one of his slaves. He was about to cross a line, to enter into a forbidden relationship. But Jesse's wife, Nazbat, a woman of incredible wit and courage, wasn't about to let that happen.

The scene: Nazbat, daughter of Adiel, cleverly disguised herself as the slave. Jesse, completely fooled, unknowingly met with his own wife! The result of this encounter? A child, of course. But to protect Jesse from the truth, and perhaps from himself, the child, David, was presented as the son of the now-freed slave. A secret, a deception, all to protect the family and the honor of Jesse. What kind of impact did that secret have on David's early life?

According to legend, David owed his very life, in a way, to Adam himself!

The tale goes that initially, David was only destined to live for a mere three hours. Three hours! But when God showed Adam all the future generations that would spring from him, Adam saw David, this tiny spark of a life about to be extinguished. Moved with compassion, Adam pleaded with God to grant David seventy years from his own lifespan, which was originally meant to be a thousand years.

And God, in His infinite mercy, agreed. A formal deed of gift, mind you, signed by God and the angel Metatron, was drawn up, legally transferring those seventy years from Adam to David. As Ginzberg's retelling in Legends of the Jews so beautifully puts it, along with those years, Adam wished for beauty, dominion, and a gift for poetry to be bestowed upon David. Wow. Adam, the first human, sacrificing a piece of his own life so that David, the future king, could live and fulfill his destiny. A destiny marked by beauty, leadership, and the ability to pour his heart out in song. What an incredible image of intergenerational connection.

So, the next time you read a psalm of David, remember these stories. Remember the courage of Nazbat, the near-miss of Jesse, and the extraordinary gift from Adam. These legends, woven together, paint a rich and interplay of a life, reminding us that even the most extraordinary figures are shaped by the choices and sacrifices of those who came before them. What parts of your life were shaped by the choices of others?

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Bereshit Rabbah 24:2Bereshit Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

It all begins, of course, with Adam. But did you ever imagine him… colossal?

Our sages certainly did. In Bereshit Rabbah, a classic collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Genesis, we find a image of the first human. The verse "This is the book of the descendants of Adam" (Genesis 5:1) sparks a deeper exploration. It connects to a verse in Psalms (139:16): "Your eyes saw my unformed parts, and in Your book they were all written. Of the days that were created, each one is His." What does this mean?

Rabbi Yehoshua bar Nehemya and Rabbi Yehuda bar Simon, quoting Rabbi Elazar, paint a breathtaking picture: When the Holy One, blessed be He, created Adam, He created him so immense that he filled the entire world!

Seriously? The entire world?

The rabbis don't just make such a claim without support. They find hints in scripture. East to west? It's derived from the verse “From back [ahor] and front [kedem], You shaped me” (Psalms 139:5). Now, ahor and kedem can also mean "west" and "east," suggesting Adam's reach spanned the horizon. North to south? That comes from (Deuteronomy 4:32): “From the day God made Adam on the earth, and from one end of the heavens to the other end.”

But it gets even wilder. Did Adam fill the empty space of the world too? Rabbi Tanhuma, in the name of Rabbi Benaya, and Rabbi Benaya and Rabbi Berekhya, citing Rabbi Elazar again, say yes! They point to the verse, “You placed Your palm upon me” (Psalms 139:5). Rabbi Tanhuma says that God created Adam as an unformed being who stretched from one end of the world to the other! And that, they say, is what is meant by "Your eyes saw my unformed parts" (Psalms 139:16).

Imagine Adam, not as a single, localized figure, but as a being whose very essence encompassed everything. What could this possibly mean?

Rabbi Yehuda bar Simon offers another layer: while Adam was still "unformed" before God, he was shown every generation that would come after him – its scholars, its wise men, its Torah interpreters, its leaders. They were all present, in potential, within him. As it says, "Your eyes saw my unformed parts, and in Your book they were all written" (Psalms 139:16). The "unformed ones" God saw were already inscribed in Adam's book.

So, “This is the book of the descendants of Adam” (Genesis 5:1) isn't just a genealogical record. It's evidence of the vast potential, the cosmic reach, and the inherent connection of all humanity, all contained within that first human being.

Perhaps this isn't meant to be taken literally. Maybe it's a powerful metaphor for the interconnectedness of all things, the idea that we are all, in some way, descendants of and contained within that first human, carrying within us the potential for both immense wisdom and profound connection to the Divine. Maybe, just maybe, we're all a little bit bigger than we think.

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