Parshat Bereshit5 min read

Eve Prays for Adam While the Angels Watch the Door

Eve stands outside the gate of paradise begging heaven for relief while Adam lies dying inside and two angels keep watch at the door.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Worst Day of Eve's Life
  2. Standing at the Gate
  3. What the Angels Found at the Door
  4. The Same Measurement

The Worst Day of Eve's Life

Adam was dying. He had been sick for six days, the sickness that would not lift no matter what Eve did, and now he lay on the ground and could barely speak. There was no physician. There was no medicine. There had never been either, not in the world they were building east of Eden. What they had was prayer, and the memory of a place they could no longer enter.

Eve sat beside him and asked the question she had been afraid to ask: how was it possible that she would outlive him? How long would she go on after he was gone? Adam answered her with the same patience he had always shown. "Do not worry about this. You will not long outlive me. But right now, I am in pain, and I need you to do something for me."

"Go to paradise," he said. "Beg God on my behalf. Ask for relief from this agony. If they will not listen to you, take Seth and fast nine days, and cry out, and see whether God will hear."

Standing at the Gate

Eve and Seth walked to the gates of paradise. They walked in sackcloth and dust, weeping. The grief was real and the distance was not far in miles, only in what had happened since they left. When they arrived, Eve threw herself down and began to cry out.

Two angels stood at the entrance. They watched her. This was their post, the door between what was lost and what remained, and they did not open it. But something in the scene held their attention. A woman prostrate on the ground before the gate of the world she had been expelled from, pleading for her dying husband's life. Whatever they had been assigned to guard against, it was not this.

The angels relented. Not by opening the gate, but by carrying the prayer upward. Eve had asked for oil from the tree of mercy, something to ease Adam's pain. The answer that came back was not yes, not yet. But Michael appeared and spoke to Seth directly: "your father will not receive the oil of mercy in this age. In the last days, when every body rises, then the oil will flow freely. For now, go back. He has six more days."

What the Angels Found at the Door

The story of those two angels did not end at the gate of paradise. It traveled forward through time and landed on a different threshold, a different evening, a different kind of watching.

Every Friday night, two angels follow a person home from prayer. One is good. One is not. What they find at the door is what matters. If the table is set and the lamp is burning and the bed is made, the house prepared and waiting for Shabbat, the good angel speaks first. "May it be God's will that it shall be so next Shabbat as well." And the other angel, whatever it might prefer to say, has to answer: "Amen."

If the house is dark and the table bare and nothing is ready, the evil angel speaks. "May it be so next Shabbat as well." And the good angel is forced to answer: "Amen."

Two traditions about two angels at a threshold, one at the gate of paradise and one at an ordinary doorway, ask the same question: what will they find when they look inside?

The Same Measurement

Eve's prayer was measured against everything she had done and everything she had lost. The angels at the gate of paradise had seen a woman broken open with grief, stripped of everything except the desire to help another person. That was what they found at the door, and it was enough to carry the prayer upward.

The measurement made every Friday night is not so different. The angels looking through the doorway are not checking for perfection. They are checking for readiness, for a house that knows something holy is about to arrive and has done the work to receive it. Eve's prayer at the gate and a family's lamp lit on Friday evening are, in this reading, the same gesture: a human being turning toward something greater than themselves, making themselves ready, keeping the door open from their side.

Adam died. The angels watched. Eve lived to bury him and to grieve and to remember what prayer at the gate had felt like. She told her children about it, all of it, before she died. "Guard yourselves," she said, from transgressing against the good. She did not say it with regret. She said it with the authority of someone who had stood at the gate and prayed and been heard, even when the answer was not what she asked for.


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Apocalypse of Moses 30-34Life of Adam and Eve

A dying man's last request was simple: pray for me. What happened next was something no human eye had ever seen.

"Guard yourselves from transgressing against the good."

While she spoke, Adam lay in the next room, bound to die within a single day. The sickness had fastened onto him and would not let go. Eve went to him and asked the question every wife dreads: "How is it that you die and I live? How long must I endure after you are gone?"

Adam comforted her. "Do not worry about this. You will not be long after me. We will both die together. When I die, anoint me, but let no one touch my body until the angel of the Lord speaks concerning me. God will not forget me. He will seek out His own creation." Then he gave her one final instruction: "Arise and pray to God while I give up my spirit into the hands of the One who gave it to me. For we do not know how we will meet our Maker -- whether He will be wrathful, or merciful enough to pity and receive us."

Eve rose, went outside, and fell on the ground. She began to pray -- not gently, not quietly, but with the raw desperation of a woman who had broken the world and knew it.

"I have sinned, O God. I have sinned, O God of All. I have sinned against You. I have sinned against the chosen angels. I have sinned against the Cherubim. I have sinned against Your fearful and unshakable Throne. I have sinned before You, and all sin began through me in the creation."

While she was still on her knees, an angel appeared and raised her to her feet. "Rise up, Eve, from your penitence. Your husband Adam has gone out of his body. Rise and behold his spirit being carried aloft to his Maker."

Eve stood. She wiped the tears from her face. The angel said: "Lift yourself from the earth and look."

She gazed steadfastly into the sky. And what she saw was beyond anything she could have imagined.

A chariot of light, carried by four brilliant eagles -- so radiant that no mortal born of woman could describe their glory or bear to look upon them. Angels processed before the chariot, and when it reached the place where Adam's body lay, it halted. The Seraphim surrounded it. Golden censers appeared between Adam's body and the chariot. Every angel carried censers and frankincense, and they blew upon the incense until the smoke veiled the very firmament.

Then the angels fell on their faces before God, crying out: "Ja'el, Holy One -- have mercy, for he is Your image, the work of Your holy hands!"

Eve beheld two great and terrifying figures standing in the presence of God. She wept with fear and cried out to her son Seth: "Rise up from the body of your father Adam and come to me. You must see this. No human eye has ever witnessed what is happening now."

The first man was dying. And all of Heaven had come to watch.

Full source
Shabbat 119bTalmud Bavli, Shabbat

would seek pairs of Sages engaged in conversation on Shabbat and said to them: Please do not desecrate Shabbat by failing to delight in Shabbat. Rava said, and some say it was Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi who said: Even an individual who prays on Shabbat evening must recite the passage: “And the heavens and the earth were finished [vaykhullu]” (Genesis 2:1–3), as Rav Hamnuna said: Anyone who prays on Shabbat evening and recites the passage of vaykhullu, the verse ascribed him credit as if he became a partner with the Holy One, Blessed be He, in the act of Creation.

As it is stated: “And the heavens and the earth were finished [vaykhullu].” Do not read it as: Were finished [vaykhullu]; rather, as: They finished [vaykhallu]. It is considered as though the Holy One, Blessed be He, and the individual who says this become partners and completed the work together. Rabbi Elazar said: From where is it derived that speech is like action?

As it is stated: “By the word of God the heavens were made, and all of their hosts by the breath of His mouth” (Psalms 33:6). Rav Ḥisda said that Mar Ukva said: One who prays on Shabbat evening and recites vaykhullu, the two ministering angels who accompany the person at all times place their hands on his head and say to him: “And your iniquity has passed, and your sin has been atoned” (Isaiah 6:7).

It was taught in a baraita: Rabbi Yosei bar Yehuda says: Two ministering angels accompany a person on Shabbat evening from the synagogue to his home, one good angel and one evil angel. And when he reaches his home and finds a lamp burning and a table set and his bed made, the good angel says: May it be Your will that it shall be like this for another Shabbat. And the evil angel answers against his will: Amen.

And if the person’s home is not prepared for Shabbat in that manner, the evil angel says: May it be Your will that it shall be so for another Shabbat, and the good angel answers against his will: Amen. Rabbi Elazar said: A person should always set his table on Shabbat eve with all the preparations for an important feast, even if he only needs the table set for an olive-bulk of food. And Rabbi Ḥanina said: A person should always set his table at the conclusion of Shabbat, Saturday night, for a feast in deference to the Shabbat that passed, even if he only needs the table set for an olive-bulk of food.

And with regard to the meal at the conclusion of Shabbat, they said: Hot water after Shabbat is a remedy [melugma], warm bread at the conclusion of Shabbat is a remedy. The Gemara relates: They would prepare for Rabbi Abbahu at the conclusion of Shabbat a third-born calf, and he would eat one kidney from it. When his son Avimi grew up, he said to his father: Why do you waste so much? Let us leave a kidney over from Shabbat eve, and you will not need to slaughter an entire calf for that purpose.

Indeed, they left the calf and did not slaughter it, and a lion came and ate it. This teaches that one should not be miserly when it comes to honoring Shabbat. Apropos the reward for honoring Shabbat, the Gemara cites statements about the reward for answering amen. Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said that anyone who answers: Amen, may His great name be blessed, wholeheartedly, with all his might, they rip his sentence, as it is stated: “When punishments are annulled in Israel, when the people offer themselves, bless the Lord” (Judges 5:2).

What is the reason for when punishments are annulled? Because the Jewish people blessed God. When one recites: Amen, may His great name be blessed, and blesses God, his punishment is annulled. Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said that Rabbi Yoḥanan said: Even if one has within him a trace of idolatry, when he answers amen he is forgiven.

It is written here, in the verse above: “When punishments [pera’ot] are annulled.” And it is written there, with regard to the sin of the Golden Calf: “And Moses saw that the nation was wild [paru’a], for Aaron had let them loose for anyone who might rise against them” (Exodus 32:25). Even one with the wildness of idolatry is forgiven. Reish Lakish said: One who answers amen with all his strength, they open the gates of the Garden of Eden before him, as it is stated: “Open the gates, and a righteous nation shall come who keeps the faith” (Isaiah 26:2).

Do not read: Who keeps [shomer] the faith [emunim], but rather: Who say [she’omerim] amen. What is the allusion of the word amen? Rabbi Ḥanina said: It is an acronym of the words: God, faithful King [El Melekh ne’eman]. Rav Yehuda, son of Rav Shmuel, said in the name of Rav: Fire is only found in a place where there is desecration of Shabbat, as it is stated: “And if you do not heed Me to sanctify the day of Shabbat, and to refrain from carrying burdens and come to the gates of Jerusalem on the day of Shabbat, and I will light a fire in its gates and it will consume the palaces of Jerusalem and it will not be extinguished” (Jeremiah 17:27).

The Gemara asks: What is the meaning of: And it will not be extinguished? Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak said: Fire will break out at a time when people are not found to extinguish it. Abaye said: Jerusalem was destroyed only because people desecrated the Shabbat in it, as it is stated: “And from My Shabbatot they averted their eyes, and I was profaned among them” (Ezekiel 22:26). Several punishments were decreed to befall Jerusalem as punishment for this transgression.

The Gemara suggests additional reasons for the destruction of Jerusalem. Rabbi Abbahu said: Jerusalem was destroyed only because its citizens intentionally omitted recitation of Shema morning and evening, as it is stated: “Woe to those who rise early in the morning and pursue the drink and are aflame from wine until late in the evening” (Isaiah 5:11). And it is written in the continuation of that passage: “And their drinking parties have lyre and lute, drum and flute and wine, and they do not look upon the actions of God, and they do not see His hands’ creations” (Isaiah 5:12).

This means that in the morning and evening, when the Jews should have been reciting Shema, they were drinking wine and liquor. And it is written in that passage: “Therefore My nation is being exiled for its ignorance; its honor will die of hunger and its multitudes will be parched with thirst” (Isaiah 5:13). Rav Hamnuna said: Jerusalem was destroyed only because schoolchildren there were interrupted from studying Torah, as it is stated: “And I am filled with the wrath of God, I cannot contain it, pour it onto the infants in the street and onto the gathering of youths together, for men and women alike will be captured, the elderly along with those of advanced years” (Jeremiah 6:11).

Rav Hamnuna explains: What is the reason that the wrath is poured? It is because infants are outside in the streets and are not studying Torah. Ulla said: Jerusalem was destroyed only because people had no shame before each other, as it is stated: “They acted shamefully; they have performed abominations, yet they neither were ashamed nor did they know humiliation. Therefore, they will fall among the fallen, they will fail at the time that I punish them, said God” (Jeremiah 6:15).

Rabbi Yitzḥak said: Jerusalem was destroyed only because its small and the great citizens were equated. They did not properly value the prominent leaders of their generation, as it is stated: “And the common people were like the priest, the slave like his master, the maidservant like her mistress, the buyer like the seller, the lender like the borrower, the creditor like the one indebted to him” (Isaiah 24:2).

And it is written afterward: “The land shall be utterly desolate and completely plundered, for God has said this” (Isaiah 24:3). Rav Amram, son of Rabbi Shimon bar Abba, said that Rabbi Shimon bar Abba said that Rabbi Ḥanina said: Jerusalem was destroyed only because the people did not rebuke one another, as it is stated: “Her ministers were like stags that found no pasture, and they walked without strength before their pursuer” (Lamentations 1:6).

Just as this stag turns its head toward the other’s tail when it grazes, and each one feeds on its own, so too, the Jewish people in that generation lowered their faces to the ground and did not rebuke one another. Rabbi Yehuda said: Jerusalem was destroyed only because they disparaged the Torah scholars in it, as it is stated: “And they mocked the messengers of God and disdained His words and taunted His prophets, until the wrath of God arose against His people, until it could not be healed” (II Chronicles 36:16).

What is the meaning of: Until it could not be healed? Rav Yehuda said that Rav said: It means that anyone who disparages Torah scholars cannot be healed from his wound. Rav Yehuda said that Rav said: What is the meaning of that which is written: “Do not touch My anointed ones and do My prophets no harm” (I Chronicles 16:22)? “Do not touch My anointed ones,” these are the schoolchildren, who are as precious and important as kings and priests (Maharsha); “and do not harm My prophets,” these are Torah scholars.

Reish Lakish said in the name of Rabbi Yehuda Nesia: The world only exists because of the breath, i.e., reciting Torah, of schoolchildren. Rav Pappa said to Abaye: My Torah study and yours, what is its status? Why is the Torah study of adults worth less? He said to him: The breath of adults, which is tainted by sin, is not similar to the breath of children, which is not tainted by sin.

And Reish Lakish said in the name of Rabbi Yehuda Nesia: One may not interrupt schoolchildren from studying Torah, even in order to build the Temple. And Reish Lakish said to Rabbi Yehuda Nesia: I have received from my ancestors, and some say that he said to him: I have received from your ancestors as follows: Any city in which there are no schoolchildren studying Torah, they destroy it. Ravina said: They leave it desolate.

And Rava said: Jerusalem was destroyed only because there were no more trustworthy people there, as it is stated: “Roam about the streets of Jerusalem and see, and search its plazas, if you can find a person, who acts justly, who seeks integrity, that I should forgive it” (Jeremiah 5:1). The Gemara asks: Is that so? Didn’t Rav Ketina say: Even at the time of Jerusalem’s failure, trustworthy people did not cease there, as it is stated: “For a man will grab his brother of his father’s house and say: You have a garment.

Come be a chief over us and let this ruin be under your care” (Isaiah 3:6)? Things that people use to cover up like a garment, secrets, are in your hands and you know about them. Therefore, you should be a leader of the community. And that which is stated: “And let this ruin be under your care,” meaning:

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