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Frogs Leaped Into Burning Ovens and Three Youths Followed

A kneading bowl only goes into an oven that is already hot. The frogs went in anyway, and centuries later three men in Babylon did the arithmetic.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Ovens Were Already Burning
  2. What the Frogs Had Not Been Told
  3. The Night Egypt Buried Its Gods
  4. Three Men and a Golden Statue
  5. Every Frog Died Except the Ones in the Fire
Frogs Leaped Into Burning Ovens and Three Youths Followed Click for full size

The Ovens Were Already Burning

They came up out of the Nile in the night and they went everywhere. Into the houses. Into the bedrooms, onto the beds, up the walls. Into the kneading bowls, where a servant slapped them off the dough with the flat of her hand and three more landed in it before she straightened up.

And into the ovens.

Stop at that word and the plague changes shape. A kneading bowl only goes into an oven when the oven is hot. That is the whole reason to put it there. So the ovens the frogs went into were ovens with fire in them, and the frogs leaped in anyway, off the lip of the bowl and down onto the coals, hundreds of them, while Egypt stood in its doorways and listened to the hissing.

What the Frogs Had Not Been Told

Nobody had commanded them.

There was no law binding a frog to sanctify the Name of God. There was no reward waiting for one. No verse had ever been addressed to them, no covenant cut with them, nothing at all had been asked of them except that they go where they had been sent, and where they had been sent was into the fire.

They went in. A frog is not brave. A frog has no idea what it is doing. That is exactly the part that would be quoted at three young men standing in front of a furnace a thousand miles east of Egypt, several hundred years later, with a band playing.

The Night Egypt Buried Its Gods

Months later the last plague came through, and it came without a middleman.

Not an angel. Not a seraph. Not a messenger with instructions. God went through the land of Egypt himself, and every firstborn died, in the palace and in the mill and in the pen, and the Egyptian firstborn who were away in other countries died where they stood.

Then the gods went. The ones cut from stone melted. The ones carved from wood rotted in their niches. The ones cast in metal broke out in rust and came apart. Rabbi Nathan counted the ruin four ways: rotted, split, hacked down, burned. In the morning Egypt was burying its children and its gods in the same hour, and no nation has ever been struck without its god being struck alongside it.

Three Men and a Golden Statue

Centuries on, in Babylon, a king set up an image of gold on the plain of Dura and hired a band to tell people when to fall down in front of it.

Everyone fell down. Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah stood.

Nebuchadnezzar had the kiln heated to seven times its measure, which is not a figure of speech but an instruction given to men with bellows, and the three of them were bound in their coats and their hats and walked to the mouth of it. The soldiers who carried them up died of the blast at the door.

What made them walk in was an argument, and the argument was about frogs.

If creatures under no commandment, promised nothing, owing nothing, went down into a burning oven because that was where the word of God had sent them, then men who have been commanded, who have been told in so many words to sanctify the Name with their lives, cannot do less. From the lesser to the greater. From frog to man, oven to furnace, plague to decree.

Every Frog Died Except the Ones in the Fire

Here is the part Egypt never worked out.

When the plague lifted, the frogs died. They died out of the houses and the courtyards and the fields, and the people scraped them into heaps, and the whole country stank of it for weeks, which is what a victory smells like when heaven has arranged it.

The ones in the ovens lived.

They had handed themselves over to the fire, and the fire did not take them. They came out over the coals and off the hearthstones and hopped away through a kitchen full of dead relatives, and Theudas of Rome, standing in front of Jews who had furnaces of their own to think about, kept the receipt and read it out.

Three youths had followed them in. They walked out of Nebuchadnezzar's kiln with their coats unburned and no smell of smoke on them, which anyone in Egypt could have predicted, if anyone in Egypt had been watching the ovens.


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From the tradition

Sources

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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 182:4Yalkut Shimoni on Torah

Translation of the source text.Torat Emet (Yalkut Shimoni) · CC-BY-NC

(Exodus 7:26-29) Theudas of Rome expounded: What did Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah see that they gave themselves over to the fiery furnace? They reasoned by an argument from the lesser to the greater concerning the frogs. If the frogs, which are not commanded concerning the sanctification of the Name, it is written of them, "and they shall come into your house and into your bedchamber... and into your ovens and into your kneading bowls" (Exodus 7:28) - and when is a kneading bowl found in the oven? At the time when the oven is hot - then we, all the more so. And how did the Holy One, blessed be He, reward them? All the frogs died, but those that went down into the oven did not die, because they had given themselves over to burning.

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Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 199:5Yalkut Shimoni on Torah

Translation of the source text.Torat Emet (Yalkut Shimoni) · CC-BY-NC

Another interpretation: I place My wrath and My fear upon Egypt. "Wrath" means nothing but fury, as it is said, "He sent upon them the fierceness of His anger, wrath and indignation and trouble" (Psalms 78:49). And it says, "That day is a day of wrath" (Zephaniah 1:15). "And I will smite every firstborn." I might understand this to be by means of an angel or by means of a messenger; therefore the verse states, "And the LORD smote every firstborn in the land of Egypt" (Exodus 12:29) - not by means of an angel and not by means of a messenger. "And I will smite every firstborn in the land of Egypt" - even those from other places. From where do we learn the firstborn of Egypt who were in other places? As it is said, "To Him who smote Egypt through their firstborn" (Psalms 136:10). From where the firstborn of Ham, Cush, Put, and Lud? The verse states, "And He smote all the firstborn in Egypt, the first of their strength in the tents of Ham" (Psalms 78:51). "From man to beast" - from the one who began the transgression the punishment began, as in the case of "And the men who were at the entrance of the house" (Genesis 19:11). And these are matters argued from the lesser to the greater: if with the measure of punishment, which is the smaller, the punishment began with the one who began the transgression, how much more so with the measure of goodness, which is the greater. "And against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments" - each different from the other: those of stone would melt, those of wood would rot, those of metal would rust, as it is said, "While Egypt was burying those whom the LORD had smitten among them, every firstborn; and against their gods the LORD executed judgments" (Numbers 33:4). And some say: those of stone would rot and those of wood would melt. Rabbi Nathan says: judgments and judgments of judgments - they rotted, split, were hewn down, were burned. We thus learn that the idols were struck in four ways and their worshipers in three: by plague, by destruction, by pestilence. "I am the LORD" - that which flesh and blood cannot say. "I am the LORD": by an oath I exact payment from them. And these are matters argued from the lesser to the greater: if with the smaller measure of punishment the Holy One, blessed be He, said He would act and did so, with the greater measure of goodness how much more so. "And I will pass through the land of Egypt" - I and not an angel; "and I will smite every firstborn" - I and not a seraph, and so forth. There is no nation that is struck whose god is not struck along with it, as it is said, "And against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments."

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