Parshat Vayeshev6 min read

Joseph Wept on Rachel's Grave, and Her Voice Answered Him

Ishmaelite caravans reeked of pitch and hides. The one carrying Joseph was packed with spices, and a trader beat him for crying father on every breath.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Hands That Would Not Come Down
  2. What He Asked His Mother To Do
  3. The Voice From Under the Stone
  4. The Storm He Was Made To Quiet
  5. Five Shekels at the Border
Joseph Wept on Rachel's Grave, and Her Voice Answered Him Click for full size

The Hands That Would Not Come Down

The arm went up to hit him again and stopped in the air.

The Ishmaelite could not bring it down. Neither could the next man, and while they stood there working their stiffened fingers the light went out of the road, so that a caravan in the middle of the afternoon was suddenly feeling for its own animals in the dark. They asked each other what they had done to deserve this. None of them thought to look at the boy.

Joseph was seventeen and had not stopped crying since he understood which direction they were walking. One of the traders had lifted him off the camel earlier, thinking the saddle was the problem. It was not the saddle. He walked beside the animals and called out for his father, over and over, in a voice that carried, and the men beat him for it because there was nothing else in their trade for stopping a sound.

What He Asked His Mother To Do

They came to Ephrath, where Rachel was buried, and Joseph went over the ground to the grave before anyone could take hold of him.

He lay across it. He told her that her son had been sold like an animal with nobody to pity him. He told her his brothers had stripped him of his shirt and handed him to merchants who had handed him to other merchants. Then he asked her for the one thing he still believed was possible, which was not rescue. "Arise, accuse my brethren before God," he said into the stone, "and see whom He will justify in the judgment, and whom He will find guilty."

He wanted a trial. He had been the son his father dressed better than the rest, and what he was asking for now was the case opened in front of heaven with his mother standing up as the witness. He cried on the grave until there was no strength left in his arms and lay on it without moving.

The Voice From Under the Stone

Then something answered him from underneath, and the voice was heavy with crying.

"My son Joseph, my son. I heard thy complaints and thy groans, I saw thy tears, and I knew thy misery, my son."

He waited for the rest of it. He was expecting her to rise, or to summon the court, or at least to name what his brothers had done in words that would count somewhere. What came instead was an instruction. "Go down into Egypt with thy masters, my son. Fear naught, for the Lord is with thee."

She had heard the whole complaint and she was telling him to keep walking. She did not say the brothers would be punished, or that he would be home by winter, only that he should go down with the men who had been hitting him and that he should not be afraid of them. Then the voice stopped, and the ground under his face was just ground, and an Ishmaelite came over and kicked him off his mother's grave with his boot.

The Storm He Was Made To Quiet

He tried once more, out loud, the ordinary way. He begged them to take him back to his father, who would pay them more than they had paid for him.

They laughed at that. "Why, thou art a slave," they said. "How canst thou know where thy father is? If thou hadst had a free man as father, thou wouldst not have been sold twice for a petty sum." The word slave was the word he had used about his own brothers, the sons of Bilhah and Zilpah, when he was still carrying reports to Jacob's tent. It came back to him on a road in the mouths of strangers who were using it as a fact.

Then the sky shut down over the caravan a second time. Lightning came in sheets and the ground shook under the packs, the camels dropped where they stood and would not rise for any beating, and the drivers lost the road entirely. One of them finally said out loud what they had all been avoiding, that this had started with the boy. So they went to Joseph and asked him to pray, and he prayed, and the storm went off them and the animals got up.

That was the moment they decided what he was worth. A slave who could call down weather might be taken home to his father for a reward, and one of them argued for exactly that, until the others pointed out how far back it was. They kept walking south. The perfume in the packs, bags of sweet spices instead of the pitch and hides those caravans usually carried, went on scenting the road for a boy who had just prayed for the men selling him.

Five Shekels at the Border

At the border of Egypt they sold him to four men descended from Medan, son of Abraham, for five shekels. Abraham's line buying Abraham's great-grandson at a frontier post, cheap.

The Medanites had heard that Potiphar, captain of Pharaoh's guard, was in the market for a good slave, so they brought Joseph to his house that day. Potiphar was willing to pay four hundred pieces of silver. He also stopped the sale halfway through, because the face in front of him did not match the story attached to it. This one was no slave and no slave's son, he said. This one looked like someone's heir, and he wanted the original sellers produced before he handed over money for stolen goods.

The Ishmaelites were fetched. They stood in the captain's house and swore that the boy had always been a slave, that he had been theirs, and that they had sold him honestly. Potiphar counted out the silver. The two companies of traders walked back out into the street, and the last men who knew where Joseph had come from went away with their money and never mentioned him again.

The smell stayed on him, and it stayed on his bones after he died in Egypt, and it was how Moses picked those bones out of every other grave in that country when the time came to carry them up to the land his father had never stopped waiting in.


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From the tradition

Sources

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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews, I. Joseph, Joseph's Three MastersLegends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Project Gutenberg eBook #1494, The Legends of the Jews, Volume 2 · Public Domain

His story, a foundation of the Hebrew Bible, is filled with dramatic turns, betrayal, and ultimately, triumph.

In Legends of the Jews, Louis Ginzberg tells how a fascinating detail emerges right away. Usually, the Ishmaelite caravans carried foul-smelling goods like pitch and animal hides. But this time? This time, they were laden with perfumes. Why? Providence, of course! The fragrance was meant to comfort Joseph on his way to Egypt. The midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) even suggests Joseph himself emitted such a pleasant aroma that it perfumed the road and drew royal princesses to him upon his arrival. Even after his death, his bones retained this fragrance, helping Moses identify them, so he could fulfill the oath to return them to the Holy Land.

Let’s not romanticize this too much. The journey was brutal. Joseph, heartbroken at being taken so far from his father Jacob and their homeland of Canaan, wept bitterly. When an Ishmaelite tried to ease his discomfort by letting him walk instead of ride, Joseph continued to sob, crying out "O father, father!" Another, growing impatient with the lamentations, beat him. The midrash says they all joined in, relentlessly cruel, trying to silence him.

Here's where the story takes another turn. That God witnessed Joseph's distress and intervened. The hands of the Ishmaelites became rigid when they tried to strike him. Darkness and terror descended upon them. They were bewildered, not understanding that it was all for Joseph's sake.

The caravan eventually reached Ephrath, the site of Rachel's tomb. Joseph, overcome with grief, threw himself upon his mother's grave. He cried out to her, begging her to witness his suffering and plead his case before God. "Arise, O mother," he wailed, "awake from thy sleep, see how my father is with me in his soul and in his spirit, and comfort him and ease his heavy heart."

And then, a voice. A voice heavy with tears, responding from the depths of the grave. “My son Joseph, my son," it said, "I heard thy complaints and thy groans, I saw thy tears, and I knew thy misery, my son… put thy trust in God, and wait upon Him. Fear not, for the Lord is with thee.”

A direct message of comfort from beyond. But the reprieve was short-lived. An Ishmaelite, angered by Joseph's continued weeping, kicked him away from the grave. When Joseph pleaded to be returned to his father, the Ishmaelites mocked him, asking how a slave could have a free man as a father. Their cruelty only intensified.

Again, divine intervention. Darkness enveloped the land. A storm raged. Lightning flashed, and the earth trembled. The Ishmaelites, terrified, believed their misfortune was due to their treatment of Joseph. They begged for his forgiveness, and when Joseph prayed and the storm subsided, they knew their troubles were linked to him.

They debated what to do. Should they return him to his father? No, too far. Instead, they resolved to sell him in Egypt for a good price. And so, they did. They reached the borders of Egypt and sold Joseph to descendants of Medan, son of Abraham, for a mere five shekels.

These Medanites, hearing that Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and captain of the guard, sought a good slave, immediately offered him Joseph. Potiphar was willing to pay a hefty sum – four hundred pieces of silver! – but he had one condition. He wanted to know who sold them the slave. He suspected Joseph was no ordinary slave, perhaps even of noble birth.

The Medanites, of course, brought the Ishmaelites to Potiphar, who testified that Joseph was indeed a slave they had owned and sold. Satisfied, Potiphar paid the price, and the Ishmaelites and Medanites disappeared.

So, Joseph had three masters: the Ishmaelites, the Medanites, and finally, Potiphar. Each encounter marked by hardship and a glimmer of hope. It's evidence of Joseph’s resilience that he not only survived this ordeal, but eventually rose to power in Egypt. His story reminds us that even in the darkest of times, divine intervention, or perhaps simply unwavering faith, can pave the way for an extraordinary destiny. What can we learn from Joseph's trials about our own capacity to endure and even thrive amidst adversity?

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Legends of the Jews, I. Joseph, The Favorite SonLegends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Project Gutenberg eBook #1494, The Legends of the Jews, Volume 2 · Public Domain

It’s a theme that runs deep in Jewish tradition, especially when it comes to our most righteous figures.

In Legends of the Jews, even Jacob, after years of hardship, thought he could finally rest. But no. As the story goes, Satan himself argued before God: "Is it not enough that the future world is set apart for the pious? What right have they to enjoy this world, besides?" The result? The devastating loss of Joseph.

Ginzberg tells us that Jacob felt his life outside the Holy Land was joyless. Only the time spent teaching others about God, like his ancestors Abraham and Isaac, felt truly worthwhile. And this period of happiness, after returning to his father's house, lasted a mere eight years before Joseph was taken away. Can you imagine the heartbreak?

Here’s the thing: Jacob's willingness to endure hardship in Laban's house? It was all for Joseph. In fact, the blessing of a "quiver full" of children was because of Joseph's merits. Even the splitting of the Red Sea and the Jordan River for the Israelites is seen as a reward for Joseph's piety!

What made Joseph so special? Well, he resembled Jacob most closely, both in appearance and in character. Jacob passed down to Joseph the wisdom he'd received from his teachers, Shem and Eber, ancient figures linking them to the earliest generations after the flood.

And the parallels between father and son are striking. Ginzberg masterfully lays them out: Joseph's mother, like Jacob's, struggled to conceive. Both were born circumcised. Both were shepherds. Both served for the sake of a woman (think of Jacob and Rachel, and Joseph and Potiphar's wife. more on that later). The list goes on and on. According to the Legends of the Jews, both appropriated the birthright of an older brother (though Joseph’s was more symbolic), were hated by their brothers, and were the favorite son. Both lived in foreign lands, served masters who were blessed because of them, and were accompanied by angels.

Even their fates mirrored each other: dreams, famine relief in Egypt, promises to be buried in the Holy Land, death and embalming in Egypt, and eventual reburial in the land of their ancestors. Jacob provided for Joseph for seventeen years, and Joseph returned the favor, providing for Jacob for the same amount of time.

But Joseph wasn't just a carbon copy of his father. We learn that until the age of seventeen, Joseph was a dedicated student at the Bet ha-Midrash – the house of study. He became so learned that he could teach his brothers Halakot (Jewish laws) he heard from Jacob, essentially becoming their teacher. He offered them guidance, becoming a favorite of the sons of the handmaids, who embraced him warmly.

However, Joseph was also a bit… vain. The Legends of the Jews describes him painting his eyes, carefully styling his hair, and walking with a mincing step. But these youthful foibles were nothing compared to his habit of bringing bad reports about his brothers to Jacob. He accused them of mistreating animals, lusting after Canaanite women, and disrespecting the sons of Bilhah and Zilpah, calling them slaves.

And here’s where the story takes a darker turn. These accusations, whether true or not, had consequences. Joseph was sold into slavery because he accused his brothers of calling others slaves, and Potiphar's wife lusted after him because he accused his brothers of lusting. It’s a stark example of "measure for measure," the idea that our actions often come back to us in unexpected ways.

The Legends of the Jews even points out the irony: even as the brothers plotted against Joseph, they meticulously followed the ritual slaughter laws when killing a goat, using its blood to stain Joseph’s coat. It highlights the complex, often contradictory nature of human behavior.

So, what do we take away from this interplay of a story? It’s a reminder that even the most righteous among us face trials, that legacies are complex and multi-layered, and that our actions, both good and bad, have far-reaching consequences. And maybe, just maybe, it’s a call to look a little closer at our own lives, to see the echoes of our ancestors and the potential for both greatness and failure within ourselves.

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Legends of the Jews, I. Joseph, The Ruler Of EgyptLegends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Project Gutenberg eBook #1494, The Legends of the Jews, Volume 2 · Public Domain

As we read in Legends of the Jews, a masterful retelling of Jewish lore by Rabbi Louis Ginzberg, Joseph began to reap the rewards for his unwavering commitment to virtue. That our actions, our choices, ultimately shape our destiny. Ginzberg paints a vivid picture: "according to the measure of his merits God granted him reward.": The mouth that refused temptation now receives the "kiss of homage" from the people. The neck that refused to bow to sin is adorned with a gold chain. The hands that avoided wrongdoing now wear Pharaoh's own signet ring. It's like a divine compensation, a beautiful mirroring of virtue rewarded.

The ceremony! Pharaoh doesn't just promote Joseph; he installs him with solemn grandeur. He clothes him in princely garments, places a gold crown upon his head, and has him ride in the second chariot, right next to the king himself! Thousands of musicians, drawn swords gleaming in the air, twenty thousand grandees marching on either side. The women of the nobility, captivated by Joseph's beauty, shower him with jewels. Yet, Joseph keeps his gaze down, focused, and as a result God protects him and his descendants from the ayin hara, the evil eye.

The air is thick with incense and spices as Joseph makes his way through the city. Heralds proclaim: "This is the man whom the king hath chosen to be the second after him!" The people prostrate themselves, shouting, "Long live the king, and long live the deputy of the king!" And Joseph, ever mindful of his source of strength, looks heavenward and proclaims, "The Lord raiseth up the poor out of the dust… blessed is the man that trusteth in Thee."

Pharaoh showers Joseph with gifts: fields, vineyards, silver, gold, precious stones. He even decrees that every Egyptian must give Joseph a gift, or face death! He receives a hundred slaves from Pharaoh and acquires many more, residing in a palace that took three years to build. The hall of state, his audience chamber, is particularly magnificent, boasting a throne inlaid with precious stones depicting the entire land of Egypt and the Nile.

And as Joseph's wealth grows, so does his wisdom. God adds to his knowledge so that all might love and honor him. Pharaoh even gives him a new name: Zaphenath-paneah. Ginzberg explains that this name translates roughly to "he who can reveal secret things with ease, and rejoiceth the heart of man therewith." But it's more than just a title. Each letter of the name is said to represent a different quality: Zofeh (seer), Podeh (redeemer), Nabi (prophet), and so on. It's like a microcosm of all the virtues and skills Joseph possesses.

Even Joseph's wife, Asenath, has a fascinating backstory. in the story, Asenath was the daughter of Dinah (Jacob's daughter) and Hamor. Abandoned as a baby, she was rescued by Potiphar, who raised her as his own. The name "Asenath" itself, we're told, is also meaningful. Each letter hints at her history and her virtues.

The story even claims that Asenath, as an infant, saved Joseph's life by defending him against false accusations. And as a reward, God destined her to be the mother of his children. She bears him two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim, during the seven years of plenty. The text emphasizes that Joseph, even in his position of power, remains chaste and dedicated to God, especially refraining from pleasure during the impending famine.

Before the famine even hits, Joseph proves his worth by leading an army to victory against the people of Tarshish, who had invaded the territory of the Ishmaelites. This victory solidifies his position as a capable and powerful leader.

Then come the seven years of plenty. Joseph, with foresight and wisdom, gathers up all the grain, storing it in cities throughout the land. He even takes precautions to prevent rot and mildew. The Egyptians, however, aren't so diligent. They try to save their own grain, but when the famine strikes, their stores are worthless.

The famine is sudden and severe. The people are desperate, driven to seek Joseph's help. He tells them to renounce their idols and acknowledge God, but they refuse. They turn to Pharaoh, who, in turn, sends them back to Joseph.

The Egyptians complain to Pharaoh, saying that Joseph demands they be circumcised before receiving food. Pharaoh, unwavering, tells them, "Go unto Joseph!" And they reply, "We come from Joseph, and he hath spoken roughly unto us, saying, Go hence and circumcise yourselves! We warned thee in the beginning that he is a Hebrew, and would treat us in such wise." Pharaoh, however, stands firm. He recognizes Joseph's wisdom and authority.

The story culminates in a powerful lesson about trust, faith, and the consequences of rejecting divine guidance. Pharaoh, by consistently directing his people to Joseph, is rewarded with a long life and reign. But, as the story hints, this very success will eventually lead to arrogance and downfall.

The story of Joseph's rise to power is more than just a rags-to-riches tale. It's evidence of the power of virtue, the importance of faith, and the profound impact one individual can have on the world. What virtues are we cultivating? What "gifts" are we being given that we can use to help others? And are we listening to the wisdom around us, even when it's challenging?

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