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The Hedge of Thorns and the Banner Raised Over Daniel

A king fells his cedars but keeps the thorns that hedge his vineyard, while Daniel eats only pulse ten days to refuse the king's table.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The King Who Cut the Cedars and Spared the Thorns
  2. The Vineyard Was Israel and the Cedars Were the Amorites
  3. The Banner Raised Over Those Who Fear
  4. Daniel Refuses the King's Table
  5. Ten Days and Ten Times Brighter
The Hedge of Thorns and the Banner Raised Over Daniel Click for full size

The King Who Cut the Cedars and Spared the Thorns

The king walked his vineyard at first light, and the great cedars came down behind him. His men swung the axes wherever he pointed. The tall trunks fell, one after another, until the ground lay open to the sun and the young vines could breathe. But when the king reached the thorn hedge that ringed the whole plot, low and tangled and sharp, he lowered his hand and turned away. The thorns stayed.

His servants could not make sense of it. "Our lord the king," they said, "you have left the thorns that catch our garments and tear our arms, and the cedars, the finest wood in the land, you have thrown down to rot?" The king looked at the hedge that had snagged his own robe more than once. "If I had cut down the thorns," he said, "with what would I have fenced my vineyard?"

The Vineyard Was Israel and the Cedars Were the Amorites

The vineyard was Israel, planted by the hand of the Holy One in a land already crowded with giants. When He brought them in, He cut the cedars first. The Amorites had stood in that soil like cedars, tall past reckoning, and He felled them before the vines could be trampled. Their height had been the height of the cedars and their trunks strong as oaks, and He broke both so the planting could take root.

But He did not clear the land bare. Around the vines He left a hedge of sharper nations, the sons of those He had not destroyed, briars that would snag at Israel's clothing for generations. These were the nations that the LORD left. They stayed so that the vineyard would have a fence, and so that Israel, hemmed in on every side, would hold fast to the Torah rather than sprawl untended and be crushed into the dirt.

The Banner Raised Over Those Who Fear

Over the fenced vineyard the Holy One raised a banner. He gave it to those who feared Him and lifted it high, a standard they could be gathered to, a refuge from the fire of Gehinnom (the place of punishment after death). The wicked had no such banner. For them refuge failed and the eyes darkened and there was nowhere left to run. But the ones who kept faith were marked out to be saved, and their reward was set aside to be paid back in truth.

There was a difference between the first ones tested and the last. The early ones were tried by the hand of the Holy One Himself. He tested Abraham with ten trials, and He tested the generation in the wilderness with bread that fell each dawn, to see whether they would gather only what the day allowed. The later generations He did not try with His own hand. He left them to the hand of the nations, to the thorns in the hedge, to learn who among them would do His will in truth once the pressure came from outside the vineyard.

Daniel Refuses the King's Table

The proof came in Babylon. Long before, the word had gone out that the children of Israel would eat their bread unclean among the nations, and now Nebuchadnezzar rose to make it true. He had the young captives of the royal line brought into his palace, and he appointed for them a daily portion from his own stores, the king's rich food and the king's wine, set before them each morning.

Daniel would not touch it. He looked at the provision the king had measured out and would not let it pass his lips.

And the Holy One saw the trial for what it was. "This king seeks to test My people," He said, "the children of the children of Abraham, who was tried with ten trials and did not break. Perhaps the merit of the father will stand for the sons."

Ten Days and Ten Times Brighter

Daniel went to the chief of the eunuchs, the man charged with keeping the captives fed and fit for the king's service, whose own head would answer if their faces grew thin. "Test your servants ten days," Daniel said. "Give us only pulse to eat and water to drink, and then look at our faces and the faces of the young men who eat the king's food, and deal with your servants as you see."

Ten days passed. At the end of them the faces of Daniel and his companions were fuller and brighter than the faces of the boys who had eaten from the king's portion. And when Nebuchadnezzar himself questioned them, he found these four ten times better than every magician and enchanter in his realm. The father had been tried ten times over, and the sons came out ten times better.

The banner had done its work. The thorns had pressed in, the king's table had been laid as a snare, and the vineyard held. It held because the vines had roots the thorns could not reach, and because a boy in Babylon would sooner live on pulse and water than eat what the king spooned out.

The thorns stand in the hedge only so long as the vineyard needs a fence. On the day the vines are strong and full and the Torah is kept, the hedge has served its purpose. Then the nations that once ringed Israel become chalk in the kiln, briars cut up and thrown to the fire, burned to lime while the vineyard drinks the sun.


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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Yalkut Shimoni on Nach 41:1Yalkut Shimoni on Nach

Translation of the source text.Yalkut Shimoni on Nach (Sefaria) · CC-BY-NC

"And these are the nations that the LORD left, to test Israel by them" (Judges 3:1). A parable: to what may this be compared? To a king who planted a vineyard, and within it were great cedars and thorns. The king went and cut down the cedars and left the thorns. His servants said to him: "Our lord the king, you have left the thorns that catch our garments, and you have cut down the cedars?" He said to them: "If I had cut down the thorns, with what would I have hedged my vineyard?" So Israel is the vineyard of the Holy One, blessed be He, as it is said, "For the vineyard of the LORD of hosts is the house of Israel" (Isaiah 5:7). He brought them into the land and cut down the cedars that were in it, as it is said, "Yet I destroyed the Amorite before them, whose height was like the height of the cedars" (Amos 2:9). And He left their sons, so that Israel would keep the Torah, as it is said, "These are the nations that He left" (Judges 3:1). And when the vineyard stands firm in its place through the keeping of the Torah, then "the peoples shall be burnings of lime, thorns cut up that are burned in the fire" (Isaiah 33:12).

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Yalkut Shimoni on Nach 41:2Yalkut Shimoni on Nach

Translation of the source text.Yalkut Shimoni on Nach (Sefaria) · CC-BY-NC

"And these are the nations that the LORD left, to test Israel by them" (Judges 3:1). This is what is written: "You have given a banner to those who fear You, to be raised up" (Psalms 60:6) - a refuge, so that Israel may be saved from the judgment of Gehinnom. Why? "Because of truth, selah" (Psalms 60:6) - in order to give them their reward in truth, as it is said, "And I will give their recompense in truth" (Isaiah 61:8). But the wicked have no refuge, as it is said, "And the eyes of the wicked shall fail, and refuge shall perish from them" (Job 11:20). Come and see the difference between the earlier ones and the later ones: the earlier ones were tested by the hand of the Holy One, blessed be He - "And God tested Abraham" (Genesis 22:1); and so too the generation of the wilderness, "that I may test them" (Exodus 16:4), and "in order to test you" (Deuteronomy 8:16). But the later ones were tested by the hand of the nations, as it is said, "These are the nations that the LORD left to test Israel" - to know who does His will in truth, because of truth, selah. And so you find with Daniel and his companions: when they were exiled, the Holy One, blessed be He, had decreed and said, "So shall the children of Israel eat their bread unclean among the nations" (Ezekiel 4:13). Nebuchadnezzar arose and fulfilled the matter; he began to say, "Let it be decreed that they eat of my provision," as it is said, "And the king appointed for them a daily portion" (Daniel 1:5). Daniel did not accept it upon himself. The Holy One, blessed be He, said: He seeks to test us, who are the children of the children of Abraham our father, who was tested with ten trials - perhaps his merit will stand for us. He began to say to the chief of the eunuchs, "Test, please, your servants ten days" (Daniel 1:12) - did the king not already find us tenfold, as it is said, "And he found them ten times better" (Daniel 1:20)?

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