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The Angels Who Took Credit for Sodom Came Home on Jacob's Ladder

The messengers pulled Lot through the door and blinded the mob outside. At dawn one of them said a word that was not his to say.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Door That Would Not Hold
  2. One Word at Dawn
  3. Harps and Flutes in a Doomed City
  4. A Hundred and Thirty-Eight Years Outside
  5. The Ladder at Beth El
The Angels Who Took Credit for Sodom Came Home on Jacob's Ladder Click for full size

The Door That Would Not Hold

The men of Sodom had Lot's door in their hands. They had come for the two strangers eating at his table, the whole town of them, young and old, pressing against the wood while Lot stood outside on the step and offered them anything else he owned. They told him to get out of the way. They said he had come to live here as a foreigner and now he wanted to judge them, and they turned on him and started to break the door down.

A hand came out of the house, caught Lot by the shirt, and pulled him inside. The two guests shut the door. Then they struck the crowd blind, every man of them, and the men of Sodom groped along the wall in the dark, still trying to find the latch, and could not find it.

One Word at Dawn

Inside, the guests told Lot to gather whoever belonged to him and get them out. Then one of them said the sentence that would cost both angels more than they knew.

"For we are destroying this place."

Rabbi Levi, in the name of Rav Nahman, stopped there. The plan had been in heaven. It had been given to them the way a courier is given a sealed order, and they had opened their mouths and spread it across a stranger's floor. Rabbi Hama bar Hanina put the charge differently and made it worse. Listen to the pronoun, he said. We are destroying. The fire was not theirs. The decision was not theirs. They were the hand, and the hand had just called itself the king.

God made the first man out of two worlds at once, out of the creatures above who do not die and the creatures below who do, so that the man would live if he kept his place and die if he did not. The two at Lot's door were made only of the world above. Nothing in them was built to fall. They fell anyway, and they fell over a single word.

Harps and Flutes in a Doomed City

Lot had four daughters. Two were already married and two were promised, and the four men attached to them were asleep somewhere in a city with hours left. He went out into the streets before dawn to find them.

He shook them awake. Get up, he told them. Get out of this place. The Lord is destroying the city.

They laughed at him. Not cruelly, at first. They laughed the way people laugh at a man who has clearly had a strange night.

"Harps and flutes are in the province," they said, "and the province is about to be overturned?"

The music was still going somewhere behind them. That was the whole of their argument, and it was not a bad one. Lot went back to the house without them. When the sun came up over the plain, the two guests took him and his wife and the two daughters still under his roof by the hands and hauled them out through the gate, and the fire came down on the harps and the flutes and the four men who had gone back to sleep.

A Hundred and Thirty-Eight Years Outside

The sentence on the messengers came down as soon as the ash cooled. They were pushed out of their own enclosure and barred from the place where they had stood among the hosts. The gate they had come through closed on them, and they were left on the earth they had just burned, with nothing to carry and no one to carry it to.

They waited a hundred and thirty-eight years.

They watched Abraham bury Sarah. They watched Isaac take a wife from a caravan out of Haran. They watched two boys grow up in one tent and stop speaking to each other. Nowhere in any of it was there a door back up.

The Ladder at Beth El

Jacob left Beer Sheva alone, with his brother behind him swearing to kill him and his father's blessing still warm on his head. He walked until the sun went down, took a stone from the ground, put it under his cheek, and slept.

A ladder stood on the earth with its top in the sky. Rabbi Elazar, in the name of Rabbi Yose ben Zimra, said its foot was planted in Beer Sheva where Jacob had started and its slope came down over the mountain where the Temple would stand. Rabbi Yehuda bar Simon turned it the other way and set its foot in the Temple with the slope reaching out to Beth El, so that the sleeping man had the whole future of the house of God leaning over him while he lay in the dirt.

And on it the messengers of God were climbing.

Not a crowd. Not the ordinary traffic of heaven. The two who had said we at Lot's door went up that ladder in front of a sleeping man who had no idea he was watching a sentence end.

Jacob woke and said the Lord was in this place and he had not known it. He was afraid, and he said the place was terrible, and he called it the house of God and the gate of heaven. Rav Aha heard that and said the gate would open again for many righteous men like him. Rabbi Shimon ben Yohai measured the distance and said the Temple above hangs only eighteen mil over the Temple below, which is close enough that a man asleep on a stone is nearly touching it. Then God showed Jacob the house standing, and the house burned, and the house standing again, and Jacob poured oil on the stone and went on walking toward Haran.

Behind him the ladder stayed a while longer, with two figures on it going up, and no one at Beth El to see them arrive.


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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Bereshit Rabbah 50:9Bereshit Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

Bereshit Rabbah turns to Angels Who Boasted and Were Punished for It.

The Bereshit Rabbah suggests that the angels who revealed God's plan to destroy Sodom paid a steep price: they were banished from their heavenly stations for a whopping 138 years! Why? Because they revealed God's secret.

Isn't that fascinating?

The Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) connects this punishment to Jacob's famous dream in (Genesis 28:12), where he sees angels ascending and descending a ladder between Earth and Heaven. According to this interpretation, these weren’t just any angels; they were the same angels who’d saved Lot from Sodom! They were stuck on Earth, serving their cosmic sentence, until Jacob's dream allowed them to return.

Rabbi Tanhuma offers another layer to this interpretation. Rabbi Hama bar Hanina suggests the angels’ downfall wasn’t simply about revealing the secret, but about the way they revealed it. They said, "For we are destroying this place." The emphasis on "we," the arrogance of taking credit, was the problem. They should have said, "God is destroying," acknowledging the true source of the power.

It's a subtle but significant difference.

But the story doesn't end there. The passage then shifts to Lot's attempts to warn his sons-in-law about the impending doom. (Genesis 19:14) tells us, "Lot came out and spoke to his sons-in-law, those who had wed his daughters, and said: Arise, depart from this place, as the Lord is destroying the city. He was as a jester in the eyes of his sons-in-law."

The Midrash explores the nuances of the Hebrew. The verse uses two expressions: "sons-in-law" (ḥatanav) and "those who had wed his daughters" (lokeḥei banotav). The rabbis cleverly interpret this to mean that Lot actually had four daughters: two who were already married and two who were only betrothed, according to the commentary on Bereshit Rabbah by Matityahu Hakohen (a priest) Rabinowitz. It's not written "who had wed" (lekuḥei), but rather "who were wedding" (lokeḥei), implying the marriages hadn’t yet been fully consummated.

And how did Lot's sons-in-law respond to his warning? They scoffed. "Harps and flutes are in the province, and the province is about to be overturned?" they mocked. "The city is full of gaiety and merrymaking, and shows no indication of facing imminent doom!"

This adds another layer of tragedy. Not only was Sodom destined for destruction, but its inhabitants were so steeped in denial and pleasure that they couldn't recognize the danger even when it was standing right in front of them. They couldn't see beyond the immediate distractions to the bigger picture, a concept that rings true even today.

Perhaps it's a reminder to be mindful of our words and actions, even when we believe we're acting in service of something greater. Perhaps it's a cautionary tale about the dangers of arrogance and the importance of humility. And perhaps, most poignantly, it's a reminder to pay attention to the warnings around us, even when they seem to contradict the carefree surface of our lives.

After all, sometimes, the most important truths are the hardest to hear.

Full source
Bereshit Rabbah 14:3Bereshit Rabbah

Translation of the source text.Midrash Rabbah -- TE · Public Domain

"And He formed" (Genesis 2:7) - two formations: a formation from the lower beings and a formation from the upper beings. Rabbi Tifdai said in the name of Rabbi Acha: the upper beings were created in image and likeness, and they do not procreate and multiply. And the lower beings procreate and multiply but were not created in image and likeness.

The Holy One, blessed be He, said: behold, I will create him in image and likeness, like the upper beings, yet procreating and multiplying, like the lower beings. Rabbi Tifdai said in the name of Rabbi Acha: the Holy One, blessed be He, said: if I create him from the upper beings, he will live and not die; if from the lower beings, he will die and not live. Rather, behold, I will create him from these and from those: if he sins he will die, and if not he will live.

Full source
Bereshit Rabbah 69:7Bereshit Rabbah

Translation of the source text.Midrash Rabbah -- TE · Public Domain

"And Jacob awoke from his sleep" (Genesis 28:16). Rabbi Yohanan said: From his learning [reading the word as "from his Mishnah" rather than "from his sleep"]. "And he said: Surely the LORD is in this place" (Genesis 28:16) - surely the Divine Presence dwells in this place, and I did not know it. "And he was afraid and said: How awesome is this place" (Genesis 28:17). Rabbi Elazar in the name of Rabbi Yose ben Zimra said: This ladder stood in Beersheba and its slope reached as far as the Holy Temple. What is the reason? "And Jacob went out from Beersheba" (Genesis 28:10), "and he dreamed, and behold, a ladder" (Genesis 28:12), "and he was afraid and said: How awesome is this place" (Genesis 28:17). Rabbi Yehudah son of Rabbi Simon said: This ladder stood in the Holy Temple and its slope reached as far as Bethel. What is the reason? "And he was afraid and said: How awesome is this place" (Genesis 28:17), "and he called the name of that place Bethel" (Genesis 28:19).

"This is none other than the house of God, and this is the gate of heaven" (Genesis 28:17). Rav Aha said: This gate is destined to be opened for many righteous ones like yourself. Rabbi Shimon ben Yohai said: The Holy Temple above is not higher than the Holy Temple below by more than eighteen miles. What is the reason? "And this is the gate of heaven" - from the numerical value of "and this" [the letters of the word "and this" total eighteen].

Another interpretation: This teaches that the Holy One, blessed be He, showed Jacob the Holy Temple built and destroyed and rebuilt. "And he was afraid and said: How awesome is this place" - this is built, as you say: "You are awesome, O God, from Your sanctuaries" (Psalms 68:36). "And this is none other" - this means destroyed, as you say: "For this our heart was faint, for these things our eyes grew dim" (Lamentations 5:17).

"But the house of God" - built and perfected in the time to come, as you say: "For He has strengthened the bars of your gates" (Psalms 147:13).

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Midrash Aggadah, Genesis 19:13Midrash Aggadah

Translation of the source text.Midrash Aggadah (Buber), Public Domain, on Sefaria · CC-BY-SA

"For we are destroying this place" (Genesis 19:13). And because they revealed the secret of the Holy One, blessed be He, they were banished from their enclosure until Jacob came. And concerning them it is said, "And behold, the angels of God ascending and descending on it" (Genesis 28:12), those who had been banished from their enclosure.

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