Parshat Vayigash6 min read

Hanina Called the Lion a Weak King Then Ran to Apologize

Rabbi Hanina shouted a lion off the road and then chased it down to take the insult back, and the same roar rose in Judah before Egypt.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Road Where the Lion Would Not Move
  2. Nothing Turns an Ox but a Lion
  3. Two Hairs Through the Cloth and a Coin Between the Teeth
  4. The Viceroy Counted What Was About to Be Lost
  5. The Lawsuit Heaven Agreed to Drop
Hanina Called the Lion a Weak King Then Ran to Apologize Click for full size

The Road Where the Lion Would Not Move

A lion stood in the road, and Rabbi Hanina ben Dosa did not step off it.

Everyone on those roads knew the rule about lions. The mightiest of beasts turns away for no one. Not for a loaded caravan, not for a king with soldiers three deep behind him. The road belongs to the lion for as long as the lion wants it, and the only question left to a man in front of one is how fast he can reach a wall.

Hanina kept his hands at his sides and shouted at it.

"O weak king," he called, "did I not adjure you not to be seen in the land of Israel?"

The animal broke. It swung its weight around in the dirt and ran, and the dust hung there after the sound of it was gone.

Then Hanina chased it. An old man went down that road after a fleeing lion, shouting at its back the way a debtor shouts after a creditor. "Forgive me for calling you weak, when He who created you called you mighty."

The oath had held. What would not sit right was the word. Heaven had named that animal the strongest thing that walks, and Hanina had reached for the one insult that would move it fastest. He wanted the lie off the road before nightfall.

Nothing Turns an Ox but a Lion

Years later, in a study hall far from that dust, Rabbi Joshua ben Nehemiah put a question to the room. Who can prevail over an ox? Not a wolf. Not a man with a rope, not another ox. Only a lion.

He was not talking about cattle. Joseph was the ox. The blessing laid on him named him a firstling bullock with majesty on him, and by then the majesty was in hand, a signet on his finger and the grain of an empire under his seal, ten brothers face down on the floor and not one of them knowing his name.

Judah was the lion's whelp. His father had said it over his head.

So when the silver cup came up out of Benjamin's sack and the doors swung shut, the brothers did what men do in a foreign court, which is nothing. One of them walked forward. The lion came near to the ox.

Two Hairs Through the Cloth and a Coin Between the Teeth

Judah's body announced his rage before his mouth got to it. When his anger climbed, two hairs pushed out from his heart and came through his garments, standing up in the cloth for anyone to see.

He also knew how to feed it. He carried a copper coin the size of a bean in his purse, and when he wanted the fury taken all the way up he put the coin in his mouth and ground his teeth on it until the anger stood at full height.

That was the man crossing the floor toward the throne of the viceroy of Egypt.

The Viceroy Counted What Was About to Be Lost

Joseph watched the two hairs come up through the linen.

He had been reading men for years, men who came for grain in good clothes to hide what the famine had taken out of the house. This one he read from the dais. The wrath of a king goes out like messengers of death, and only a wise man who talks it down can turn it back. Pharaoh had said there was none so discreet and wise as Joseph, and none of that was worth a handful of chaff against what was walking toward him now.

"Now Egypt will be destroyed," Joseph said.

Not the brothers. Not Benjamin. Egypt.

Rabbi Simeon ben Lakish knew what happens in that grip. Two men have hold of each other, and one feels the floor coming up and knows he is about to be thrown down in front of everybody. So he does the thing that looks like surrender and is actually a rescue. He kisses the stronger man's hand, the anger drains out of the other one's arms, and the fall never arrives.

Joseph did not wait to be thrown. He cleared the Egyptians out of the room, and what came out of him then was loud enough to carry into the house of Pharaoh.

"I am Joseph, your brother."

The Lawsuit Heaven Agreed to Drop

Before any of it broke open, there was Judah's own voice in that hall.

The lion had come near, and what came out of him was not a roar. "Please, my lord." My lord asked his servants. My lord said. At the end of it, with nothing left in his hand to trade, he offered the only thing he still owned outright. Let your servant stay here in the boy's place, and let the boy go up with his brothers.

The coin stayed in the purse.

Heaven had a case pending against that man. The prophet had read it out, a lawsuit with Judah, the charges named and the file open. Into the room where Judah stood bent, saying please to a stranger, the answer came down.

"You have slackened from your former strength and spoken supplications. By your life, though I said I have a lawsuit with Judah, I am gracious, and I will have compassion upon you. I will not contend forever."

Forever was not a stretch of time in that ruling. It was a name. Judah shall abide forever, and the word had been sitting inside that promise the whole while, like a coin in a purse, waiting for the day the lion decided to bend instead of kill.


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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayigash 3Midrash Tanchuma

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Townsend 1989 translation of Midrash Tanhuma, S. Buber Recension · CC-BY

Then Judah came near unto him. Scripture states elsewhere in reference to this verse: The lion, which is the mightiest of beasts, turneth not away for anyone (Prov. 30:30).

It happened that R. Hanina the son of Dosa, upon seeing a lion, shouted at it: “O weak king, did I not adjure you not to be seen in the land of Israel?” It fled immediately. Thereupon R. Hanina ran after it, shouting: “Forgive me for calling you weak when He who created you called you mighty,” as is said: The lion, which is the mightiest among beasts (ibid.).

R. Joshua the son of Nehemiah posed the query: Who can prevail over an ox? Only a lion. Since Joseph was an ox, as it is said: His firstling bullock, majesty is his (Deut. 33:17), and Judah was a lion, as is said; Judah is a lion’s whelp (Gen. 49:9), who confronted the ox? The lion, Judah, as it is said: Then Judah came near unto him.

R. Judah explained that whenever Judah’s anger increased, two hairs would protrude from his heart, and pierce through his garments. When he wished to intensify his anger, he would place in his mouth a copper coin as large as a bean, which he always carried in his money purse, and would grind his teeth on it. Then his anger would become intense.

Observe how powerful Judah was: It is written concerning him: The wrath of a king is as messengers of death, but a wise man will pacify it (Prov. 16:14). The wrath of a king refers to Judah, and a wise man will pacify it alludes to Joseph, as is said: There are none so discreet and wise as thou (Gen. 41:39). When Joseph realized that Judah’s anger was mounting, he said: “Now Egypt will be destroyed.”

R. Simeon the son of Lakish stated: To what may this situation be compared? To two who are wrestling. When one of them realizes that he is about to be defeated, he says to himself: “He is going to defeat me, and I will be disgraced in the sight of all.” What does he do? He kisses his opponent’s hand and the anger of the stronger wrestler is assuaged. Similarly, when Joseph saw that Judah’s anger was mounting, he was afraid that he would be humiliated before the Egyptians, and so he called out immediately: I am Joseph, your brother (Gen. 45:4).

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Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Vayigash 8:3Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Vayigash

Translation of the source text.Midrash Tanchuma (Buber), Public Domain, on Sefaria · CC-BY-SA

Another interpretation (of Genesis 44:18): "PRAY, MY LORD" (bi adoni). And it is said, "MY LORD ASKED" (Genesis 44:19), and it is said, "UNTO MY LORD" (Genesis 44:20); "AND NOW, PLEASE, LET YOUR SERVANT REMAIN," and so forth (Genesis 44:33).

The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him: Behold, you have now slackened from your former strength and spoken supplications. By your life! Even though I had said, "And the LORD has a lawsuit with Judah" (Hosea 12:3), nevertheless I am gracious, and I will have compassion upon you, as it is said, "For I will not contend forever" (Isaiah 57:16). And "forever" (olam) means none other than Judah, as it is said, "But Judah shall abide forever" (Joel 4:20).

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