Parshat Sh'lach6 min read

How Four Fringes Struck Nathan Off a Bed of Gold

He paid four hundred coins and crossed the sea for one forbidden night, then his own fringes rose up and slapped him off the bed.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Door Shut Behind a Bought Man
  2. The Fringes Rose Like Witnesses
  3. Why the Threads Were Given at All
  4. The Courtesan Divided Her House
  5. What She Carried to Tiberias

The bed was ready, the lamp was low, and four white threads hung from the corner of a folded garment, waiting.

Nathan ben Bar Kaftusa had heard of the woman the way men hear of a wonder they intend to ruin themselves for. She lived across the sea on an island, and her price was four hundred gold coins for a single night. He counted out the sum, sent it ahead, and then crossed the water to claim what the money had bought. He told no one in Tiberias where he was going. A man does not announce that errand.

The Door Shut Behind a Bought Man

The house was finer than anything in his own town. Servants took his cloak. The courtesan received him without hurry, certain of her work, because no man had ever paid that much and walked away unsatisfied. She arranged seven beds for him, one above the other, six of silver and the topmost of gold, and between each one a ladder of silver leading up to the last. She climbed and sat at the summit, undressed, and waited.

Nathan began to climb behind her. The room was quiet. The door was shut. He sat on the edge of the highest bed and reached to loosen his own garment, the four-cornered cloth every Jewish man wore, and he was already past the moment when a man can still pretend he might turn back.

The Fringes Rose Like Witnesses

Then the threads moved.

The tzitzit, the fringes knotted onto the four corners of his garment, lifted of their own accord and struck him across the face. Four cords, white and small, came up like the flat of a hand and slapped him, once, hard, the way a witness shoves a man back from the edge of a roof. He fell from the bed. He sat on the ground, struck and shaking, and the woman, watching the only man who had ever fled her, climbed down from her gold bed and sat on the ground beside him.

"I will not let you go," she said, "until you tell me what blemish you found in me. By the life of the Roman government, I will not let you go until you tell me."

"I swear to you," Nathan answered, "no woman has ever been as beautiful to me as you. But there is a commandment our God gave us. Tzitzit, fringes, and about them it is written twice, I am the Lord your God. Twice. The same voice that pays a reward is the voice that exacts a punishment. Just now those four threads looked to me like four witnesses, and I saw it. I saw God."

Why the Threads Were Given at All

He could have told her how the fringes came to hang there in the first place, and perhaps he did, sitting on her floor with his heart still pounding.

Long before, in the wilderness, a man had broken the Sabbath, and God asked Moses how it had happened. Moses said he did not know. On the weekdays, God explained, that man bound tefillin on his head and arm, and the leather boxes reminded him of his duties all day long. But the Sabbath does not wear tefillin. On that day the man had nothing tied to his body to call his obligations to mind, and so he forgot, and so he fell. "Go," God told Moses, "and find Israel a commandment whose reminder is not folded away on the Sabbath, one that stays with them every day and every holy day alike." Moses chose the fringes. A thing the eye would catch by accident, on a corner, in a doorway, on the edge of a bed, and seeing it a man would remember everything at once.

That was the cord that rose against Nathan. Not a rule he had studied. A reminder God had hung on him precisely for the hour he would try to forget.

The Courtesan Divided Her House

Before he left the island, the woman asked him for his name, his town, and the name of the house of study where he learned. He wrote it all down for her and went home across the sea.

She did not chase him for love of his face. She rose and took everything she owned and split it into three parts. One third she paid to the Roman government in taxes, so that no one could say she fled with stolen standing. One third she gave to the poor of the island. The last third she kept, and the bedding, those seven mattresses of silver and gold, she carried with her, and she crossed the same sea Nathan had crossed.

What She Carried to Tiberias

She came to the study house of Rabbi Chiya and asked him to make her a Jew.

He looked at her a long moment. A beautiful foreign woman arriving at a school full of young men, asking to convert, was a thing he had reason to doubt. "My daughter," he said, "perhaps you have set your eyes on one of my students."

She took out the paper Nathan had written, the one with his name and the name of the house of learning, and she handed it to the rabbi. "Let this be the proof of why I have come," she said. She had come for the God whose fringes struck a man off a bed of gold, not for the man. Chiya read it and accepted her.

The same mattresses she had once spread for sin, she now spread for marriage. The bedding she had laid out for Nathan unlawfully, she was permitted at last to lay out for him lawfully, and she lived the rest of her years inside the covenant she had crossed an entire sea to reach.


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From the tradition

Sources

3 sources

The texts this telling draws on, in full. Open a card to read inline, or expand it for a wider, quieter read.

Gaster, Exempla of the Rabbis No. 35 (1924); cf. Menachot 44aThe Exempla of the Rabbis (1924)

A Jewish man named Nathan traveled to an island and was on the brink of committing a serious sin with a famous courtesan. The room was prepared. The door was closed. He was about to fail.

Then he sat down to undress and his eyes fell on the tzitzit, the fringes attached to the corners of his garment, commanded in (Numbers 15:37-41) as a visual memory of the mitzvot. The Torah calls them a sign, twice, in connection with the words I am the Lord your God, a reminder that the same voice rewards and punishes.

Nathan looked at his fringes. He saw God. He stood up and walked out.

The woman was stunned. No man had left her before. She pursued him, not for revenge, but for the answer. Why did you withdraw?

He told her about the fringes. About the verse. About the God who speaks twice in one line because once is not enough. Before leaving, he gave her his name and address in Tiberias.

She sat with what he said. Then she rose and divided her property into three portions, one third to the Roman state in taxes, one third to the poor, and one third she kept and carried with her across the sea.

She came to Tiberias and sought out Rabbi Chiya. She asked to convert. He examined her carefully. Is this about love for one of my students? he asked. She produced the letter Nathan had written her, the one that explained she wished to join Israel for love of the Torah itself, not for love of a man. Chiya accepted her. She lived the rest of her life in purity, a Jew by choice.

Gaster's Exempla (No. 35, 1924) tells it as a story of the tzitzit. But it is also a story of what happens when a mitzvah does its work in two directions at once, saving the Jew from sin, and drawing a stranger toward the covenant.

Full source
Legends of the Jews 4:48Legends of the Jews

A story that begins with a broken Sabbath and ends with a tangible reminder woven into the very fabric of our lives.

The Legends of the Jews tells us that there was once a man who desecrated the Sabbath. A pretty serious thing. But how did it happen? GOD, in this telling, asks MOSES, "Do you know how it came to pass that this man broke the Sabbath?"

Moses, ever humble, replies, "I do not know."

GOD explains: "On week days he wore tefillin (leather phylacteries worn during prayer) – phylacteries – on his head and arm to remind him of his duties. But on the Sabbath, when tefillin are not worn, he had nothing to call his duties to mind, and he broke the Sabbath." for a second. The very tools he used to remember GOD's commandments during the week were absent on the Sabbath. So, what was to be done?

GOD then commissions MOSES with a crucial task: "Go now, MOSES, and find for Israel a commandment the observance of which is not limited to week days only, but which will influence them on Sabbath days and on holy days as well."

This is where the zizit come in. According to this legend, MOSES selected the commandment of zizit – the fringes worn on the corners of a garment. The idea being that simply seeing the zizit would constantly remind the Israelites of ALL the commandments of GOD.

It's a beautiful idea, isn't it? That a single, visible act can trigger a cascade of remembrance, drawing us back to our obligations and our connection to the divine.

So, what can we take away from this? Perhaps it's a reminder that our spiritual practice isn't confined to specific times or places. It's a continuous thread woven into the tradition of our daily lives. A constant, subtle reminder of who we are and what we strive to be. And maybe, just maybe, that’s the whole point.

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Sifrei Bamidbar 115:2Sifrei Bamidbar

R. Nathan, a sage of old, makes a powerful statement: "There is no mitzvah (commandment) in the Torah whose reward is not 'at its side.'" In other words, the benefit of doing good is always close by. To illustrate this, he shares an incredible tale about the power of tzitzit (ritual fringes worn on garments).

tzitzit (fringes) are those special knotted fringes worn on the corners of a four-cornered garment as a reminder of all the commandments. They’re a tangible connection to our faith, a little nudge towards righteousness throughout the day. This story highlights just how powerful that nudge can be.

There once was a man, the story goes, deeply devoted to the mitzvah of tzitzit. One day, he heard tell of a renowned, shall we say, "woman of the night" in a faraway coastal city. This woman was known for charging an exorbitant price – four hundred gold coins! Driven by temptation, he gathered the sum and sent it to her, arranging a rendezvous.

Can you imagine the scene? The appointed time arrives, and he finds himself at her doorstep. Her maidservant announces his presence, and the harlot invites him in. What awaits him is a display of opulence: seven beds, each more extravagant than the last – six of silver and one of gold, upon which she reclined. Silver ladders connected each bed, with a golden one leading to her.

As he approached her, ready to succumb to his desires, something extraordinary happened. His four tzitzit, those humble fringes, suddenly lashed out, striking him across the face! To him, it was as if four men were standing there, rebuking him. Overwhelmed, he recoiled and sat on the ground, overcome with shame. She, equally stunned, also sat down.

"’Gapa of Rome,’" she exclaimed, using an idolatrous oath, "I won’t let you go until you tell me what flaw you saw in me!"

He swore he saw no flaw. "There is no beauty like yours in all the world," he confessed, "but there is one mitzvah, tzitzit, about which it is written twice, ‘I am the L-rd your G-d.’ ‘I am the L-rd your G-d’ – I am destined to reward; ‘I am the L-rd your G-d’ – I am destined to punish. And now, they appeared to me as four witnesses!"

The double declaration, "I am the L-rd your G-d," found in (Numbers 15:41), is understood in this story as a potent reminder of both divine reward and divine accountability. His tzitzit, embodying this declaration, served as a powerful deterrent.

Deeply moved by his words, the woman made an astonishing declaration of her own. She wouldn’t let him leave until he wrote down his name, his city, and the place where he studied Torah. He complied, and what she did next was truly remarkable.

She divided all her wealth into three parts: one-third to the authorities for permission to convert to Judaism, one-third to the poor, and the remaining third she kept, along with those extravagant beds. She then sought out R. Meir, a renowned sage, and asked to be converted.

R. Meir, suspecting ulterior motives, questioned if she had set her sights on one of his disciples. She then produced the note the man had written. Upon seeing it, R. Meir exclaimed, "Go and claim your purchase!" Her reward in this world was that the very beds she had prepared for sin were now used for a righteous union. As for her reward in the World to Come? Well, that, the story concludes, is beyond our knowing.

What's so striking about this story is the immediacy of the reward. The man's devotion to tzitzit didn't just earn him a future reward; it saved him from a potentially disastrous decision in the moment. It redirected his path. And it wasn't just him who was saved. The woman, too, found redemption and a new life.

This tale from Sifrei Bamidbar reminds us that even the smallest acts of devotion can have profound and immediate consequences. Our choices matter, and the rewards for choosing righteousness, both seen and unseen, are always "at our side," ready to guide us toward a better path. Perhaps, the next time you're faced with a difficult choice, you'll remember this story and the power of those little fringes, the tzitzit, to steer you right.

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