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Israel Ran From the Lion and Met the Bear Again

He outran the lion and met a bear on the same road. Home was no shelter. When he leaned on the wall, the snake was already in the plaster.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Lion Was Already in the City
  2. The Bear Met Him on the Path
  3. He Leaned His Hand on the Wall
  4. Mordecai Went Down Against the Letters
  5. I Have Not Spurned Them

The man ran from the lion and survived.

Israel Ran From the Lion and Met the Bear Again Click for full size

That should have been the end of the danger. Breath tearing in his chest, dust under his feet, the jaws behind him, he broke free. Then a bear rose in the path. He escaped that too, somehow. He reached home, the only place left in the world that still promised walls, roof, and rest. He leaned his hand against the wall.

A snake struck from inside the house (Amos 5:19).

The Lion Was Already in the City

Judah ran that way when Babylonia came. Nebuchadnezzar tore through Jerusalem. The First Temple burned. Families vanished into foreign roads. Prophets learned to speak beside rivers. Daniel had already seen Babylonia as a lion in his night vision, a beast with wings and a hunger that knew how to devour cities (Daniel 7:4).

Israel escaped the lion, but not by becoming untouched. Exile had teeth. Survival after Babylonia was not victory in the easy sense. It was the stunned fact that the people were still breathing after the lion had done what lions do. They ran. They lived. The road did not empty.

The Bear Met Him on the Path

Then came the bear. Media rose in the path where Babylon had been. No ruined Temple this time. No Babylonian flames licking Jerusalem's stones. The danger changed shape. Court language. Sealed orders. Provincial scribes. A date chosen by lot. A man who wanted every Jewish body marked for the same day.

Daniel had seen this beast too, another one resembling a bear (Daniel 7:5). Jeremiah had seen a wolf of the deserts waiting in the same chain: lion, wolf, leopard, and the beast that mauls whoever passes (Jeremiah 5:6). The names shift because empires shift. Teeth remain teeth.

Israel kept escaping one animal only to find another waiting at the bend. The man in Amos does not look heroic. He looks exhausted. He lives long enough to meet the next mouth.

He Leaned His Hand on the Wall

The strangest part of the image is not the lion or the bear. It is the house. A man expects danger outside. Forest, desert, road, battlefield. He does not expect the wall of his own home to bite him.

They came home to rebuild. Jews who had never seen Jerusalem still called Persia a place to lean. Language, markets, offices, streets. They put their hands on the wall of a life they had built in a foreign kingdom and tried to raise the Temple again.

The snake was already in the plaster.

Haman crushed like a serpent. He and his son Shimshai the scribe wrote an accusation against the dwellers of Judea and Jerusalem in the beginning of Ahasuerus's reign (Ezra 4:6). The letters went up. The rebuilding stalled. Ordinary streets turned into hunting ground. The house was not false. Jews did live there. They built lives there. The snake in the wall meant that no empire could become absolute shelter.

Mordecai Went Down Against the Letters

The people cried out. Let Mordecai go down as an emissary, they said. He is from the tribe of Benjamin, of whom it is written that God dwells between his shoulders (Deuteronomy 33:12). Send him against the accusation. Send him so the Temple can rise.

Mordecai went down. Haman went down to prevent the building. Two men on the same road, one carrying a people's hope, one carrying a letter that wanted the work stopped. The days of Ahasuerus opened on that quarrel. A feast in a palace. A decree. A date. The snake that had waited in the wall showed its full length.

The man in Amos had thought home would be the end of running. The wall was another mouth. Mordecai did not lean and wait to be bitten. He went down into the house where the snake lived and argued for the stones of the Temple while the letters still traveled.

I Have Not Spurned Them

Under the chase a promise kept moving. Even in the land of their enemies, God said, I have not spurned them, I have not rejected them, I have not destroyed them, and I have not broken My covenant with them (Leviticus 26:44).

The lion still charged. The bear still rose. The snake still waited in the wall. None of them received the last word. "I have not spurned them" walked through Babylonia. "I have not rejected them" walked through Media. "To destroy them" named Greece and still refused the destruction. "To violate My covenant with them" named Rome and still held the covenant. "I am the Lord their God" pointed past every beast still on the road.

Under Vespasian the Second Temple fell, and the verse did not break. Under Trajan the persecution came, and the verse did not break. In the days of Haman every Jewish body was marked, and the verse did not break. The man kept running. He did not look like a victor. He looked like someone who had outlived a lion, a bear, and a snake in the plaster, and still had ground under his feet because the promise had never left the dust.

The house did not cancel the wilderness. It brought the wilderness inside the wall. The man kept his palm on the plaster where the snake had been, and the promise stayed in the dust under his feet.


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From the tradition

Sources

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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Esther Rabbah, Petichta 5Esther Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

The prophet Amos described a man who fled from a lion, only to be attacked by a bear, and when he finally made it home and leaned against the wall, a snake bit him (Amos 5:19). The rabbis of Esther Rabbah saw this as a parable for Israel's journey through four successive empires, each one waiting to strike the moment the previous one released its grip.

Rabbi Huna and Rabbi Aha identified the animals. The lion was Babylonia, based on Daniel's vision: "The first was like a lion" (Daniel 7:4). The bear was Media, matching "another beast, resembling a bear" (Daniel 7:5). Rabbi Yohanan added a twist, noting that the Hebrew word for "bear" (dov) could also be read as the Aramaic for "wolf" (dev), linking it to Jeremiah's prophecy: "A wolf of the deserts will plunder them" (Jeremiah 5:6). In Jeremiah's version, all four empires appear in sequence: the lion of the forest (Babylonia), the desert wolf (Media), the lurking leopard (Greece), and the beast that mauls everyone who passes (Edom, meaning Rome).

The midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) then overlays the Song of Songs onto the same pattern. When God calls to Israel, "Open for me, my sister, my love, my dove, my faultless one" (Song of Songs 5:2), each term of endearment corresponds to a different exile. "My sister" is Babylonia. "My love" is Media. "My faultless one" is Greece. "My dove" is Edom, because during the Greek period, the Temple still stood and Israel offered doves on the altar.

A second interpretation names specific rulers. The lion is Nebuchadnezzar. The bear is Belshazzar. And the snake is Haman, who crushed the people like a serpent. His descendants wrote letters to the Persian king urging him to halt the rebuilding of the Temple (Ezra 4:8). When the king complied and canceled the work, the people screamed: "Woe!" And so the Book of Esther begins: "It was during the days of Ahasuerus" (Esther 1:1).

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Esther Rabbah, Petichta 4Esther Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

God made a promise embedded in the Torah's harshest chapter of curses, and the rabbis of Esther Rabbah turned it into one of the most powerful statements of divine loyalty in all of midrashic (rabbinic interpretive commentary) literature.

The verse reads: "And despite this, even when they are in the land of their enemies, I have not spurned them and have not rejected them, to destroy them, to violate My covenant with them, as I am the Lord their God" (Leviticus 26:44). Shmuel broke this single verse into a map of Jewish history across four empires. "I have not spurned them" referred to Babylonia. "I have not rejected them" referred to Media. "To destroy them" referred to Greece. "To violate My covenant with them" referred to the evil kingdom, meaning Rome. And the final phrase, "as I am the Lord their God," pointed to the future, when God's faithfulness would be fully revealed.

Rabbi Hiyya offered a different historical mapping, more specific and more personal. "I have not spurned them" referred to the reign of Vespasian, the Roman emperor who destroyed the Second Temple. "I have not rejected them" referred to the persecution under Trajan. "To destroy them" described the days of Haman, when all Jews were marked for annihilation. "To violate My covenant with them" covered the Roman period broadly. And "as I am the Lord their God" pointed forward to the days of Gog and Magog, the final war before redemption.

Both readings deliver the same message. No matter how many empires rise against Israel, no matter how close to total destruction they come, the covenant holds. The midrash insists that even the Purim story, for all its terror, was never outside God's plan. The verse does not say "I will rescue them." It says something more intimate: "I have not spurned them." Not rescue, but refusal to let go.

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Yalkut Shimoni on Nach 545:1Yalkut Shimoni

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Sefaria Community Translation · CC0

As if a man flees from the lion and the bear meets him, and he comes to the house and leans his hand on the wall, and a serpent bites him. (Amos 5:19) ‘As if a man flees from the lion…’ refers to Babylon, which comes first like the lion. ‘…and the bear meets him…’ refers to Maday which came second like the bear. ‘…and he comes to the house…’ The Jews came to rebuild the Temple in their time and Haman the wicked opposed them, he and his son Shimshai the scribe. Mordechai went down (to Babylon) as an emissary in order that the Temple be rebuilt. The people of Israel said: Mordecai is from the tribe of Benjamin, of whom it is written “…and He dwells between his shoulders.” (Devarim 33:12) Therefore, let Mordecai go down as an emissary against them to ensure that the Temple be rebuilt. Haman went down to prevent its building as it is written “And in the reign of Ahasuerus, in the beginning of his reign, they wrote an accusation against the dwellers of Judea and Jerusalem.” (Ezra 4:6) Therefore they all began to cry out. “Now it came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus…” (Esther 1:1)

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