Parshat Lech Lecha5 min read

Melchizedek Blessed Abram Before God and Lost the Priesthood

The king of Shalem came out to the battlefield with bread and wine and blessed the victor first, God second. The office left him before the meal ended.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Weight of Two Clauses
  2. Aner and Eshkol Said Spare Yourself
  3. Mamre Said Take the Knife
  4. The Presence Came to Mamre's Trees
  5. Water by a Servant, Bread by His Own Hand

The dust of four broken armies was still on Abram when the king of Shalem came out to meet him with bread and wine.

Melchizedek Blessed Abram Before God and Lost the Priesthood Click for full size

Melchizedek was a priest as well as a king. He opened his mouth to bless, and he got the order wrong.

"Blessed be Abram of God Most High." That first. Then, after it, "and blessed be God Most High, who has delivered your foes into your hand" (Genesis 14:19-20).

He had put the man ahead of the One who handed him the victory. The servant named before the Master.

The Weight of Two Clauses

Nobody standing in that valley noticed anything. The bread went from hand to hand. The wine was poured. Abram counted out a tenth of everything he had taken off the four kings and gave it to the priest in front of him, which is what a man does for a priest.

The priesthood had already gone.

It came off Melchizedek in the length of one sentence and settled on the man he had just blessed, and the oath that pinned it there was never revisited: "The LORD has sworn and will not relent: You are a priest forever" (Psalms 110:4). Forever, and in Abraham's line.

Melchizedek took the tithe from hands that were now holding his office. Then he walked back up to Shalem lighter by the one thing he had spent his life carrying, and no king of that city ever held it again. A priest falls in the time it takes to say two clauses, and nobody in the valley hears it happen.

Aner and Eshkol Said Spare Yourself

Years later the command came to cut his own flesh, and the old man did not do it alone.

He went to the three who had ridden with him in the war and asked them what they thought. Aner pulled back from it. So did Eshkol. "You are old," they said. "A wound like that is no fitting thing for a man of your years. Spare yourself."

They were not being cruel. They were counting his years against the odds of a man that age surviving a knife, and the arithmetic was against him.

Mamre Said Take the Knife

Mamre asked a different question.

"Do exactly what the Holy One told you. Was it not He who pulled you out of the fiery furnace and gave you the life you are trying to protect? Will you refuse Him now, in this?"

Abram weighed the two answers against each other. He took Mamre's.

He took the knife to himself and kept the command, and the pain of it belonged to him alone, and the covenant went into his body where he could not put it down.

The Presence Came to Mamre's Trees

The reward for that counsel did not go to Abraham.

When the Holy One came down to visit the freshly cut patriarch, He did not come down just anywhere. "And the LORD appeared to him by the terebinths of Mamre" (Genesis 18:1). The grove belonged to the man who had told him to obey.

Aner kept his caution. Eshkol kept his. Mamre got the trees the Presence stood under and his name fixed to the ground where it happened.

Water by a Servant, Bread by His Own Hand

Three travelers stood at the tent door in the worst heat of the day, and Abraham ran at them.

He split the hospitality in two without appearing to think about it. "Let a little water be taken" (Genesis 18:4). Taken. Fetched. Carried over by somebody else's hands.

The bread he did not hand off. He ran to the herd himself, he hurried Sarah to the flour himself, and he set the loaf down in front of them with his own arms.

Heaven measured that difference and paid it back in kind. In the wilderness, when Israel was dying of thirst, the water came through an agent: Moses with a staff, striking a rock, and the water breaking out of the stone at somebody else's blow. But the bread came down with no one in between. The manna lay on the ground in the morning and the quail came in at evening, given directly, the way Abraham had carried the loaf himself. "The LORD gives you in the evening flesh to eat, and bread in the morning" (Exodus 16:8).

Melchizedek had carried bread and wine out to one man and lost a priesthood over the sequence of two clauses. Abraham carried bread out to three strangers, and his great-grandchildren ate off the floor of the desert for forty years.


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From the tradition

Sources

3 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Midrash Aggadah, Genesis 14:19Midrash Aggadah

Translation of the source text.Midrash Aggadah (Buber), Public Domain, on Sefaria · CC-BY-SA

"And he blessed him and said, [Blessed be Abram... and blessed be God Most High]." Because he gave precedence to the blessing of Abraham over the blessing of the Holy One, blessed be He, therefore the priesthood was taken from him and given to Abraham, as it is said, "The Lord has sworn and will not relent: You are a priest forever" (Psalms 110:4).

Full source
Midrash Aggadah, Genesis 14:13Midrash Aggadah

Translation of the source text.Midrash Aggadah (Buber), Public Domain, on Sefaria · CC-BY-SA

"And they were the covenant-allies of Abram." For he had cut a covenant of peace with them, that when he went out to war they would guard his place.

Another interpretation: "And they were the covenant-allies of Abram." When the Holy One, blessed be He, told Abraham to circumcise himself, he disclosed the matter to Aner and Eshkol. They said, "No, it is not fitting for an old man like you to circumcise yourself." But Mamre said to him, "Do what the Holy One, blessed be He, told you, for He is the One who saved you from the fiery furnace." Therefore, since he heeded the counsel of Mamre, he upheld his counsel. Therefore the Holy One, blessed be He, did not reveal Himself to him at the time that he circumcised himself, but rather in the terebinths of Mamre, as it is said, "And the LORD appeared to him," and so forth.

Full source
Midrash Aggadah, Genesis 18:4Midrash Aggadah

Translation of the source text.Midrash Aggadah (Buber), Public Domain, on Sefaria · CC-BY-SA

"Let now a little water be taken" (Genesis 18:4): [by means of a messenger. So too] the Holy One, blessed be He, gave them water by means of a messenger, as it is said, "and you shall strike the rock," etc. (Exodus 17:6). The bread, which he gave by his own hand, the Holy One, blessed be He, likewise gave by His own hand, as it is said, "when the LORD gives you in the evening flesh to eat, and bread," etc. (ibid. 16:8).

Full source