Parshat Lech Lecha4 min read

Only Mamre Told Abraham to Obey God and Circumcise Himself

Aner said the cut would leave Abraham too slow to run from kings. Eshkol feared the blood. Mamre sent him to the knife anyway.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. Aner Counted Enemy Kings
  2. Eshkol Counted the Blood
  3. Mamre Sent Him to the Knife
  4. The Mound in the Sun
  5. Heat at the Tent Door

Abraham stood in Aner's doorway with the commandment still new in his mouth. The Holy One had told him to circumcise himself. He had not gone to the knife. He had gone to friends.

Only Mamre Told Abraham to Obey God and Circumcise Himself Click for full size

Three names stood near his life. Aner. Eshkol. Mamre. A man who had smashed idols still wanted a human voice before he bled.

Aner Counted Enemy Kings

Abraham told Aner what God had said. Aner answered like a man who still heard horses in the night.

"Do you wish to cripple yourself so badly that when the descendants of the kings you slew come for revenge, you cannot even flee?"

The Valley of Siddim was not old enough to forget. Abraham had ridden against those kings and brought Lot home. Aner saw a wound timed for the wrong war. A gift, he thought, to every enemy still nursing a grudge.

Abraham left him. Some advice is fear wearing a general's face.

Eshkol Counted the Blood

Eshkol heard the same command and looked at an old body.

"You are an old man. If you are circumcised, considerable blood will flow. You will not survive the loss. You will perish."

The counsel had the cold logic of age. Old bodies do not always forgive a bold cut. Eshkol spoke as a friend who wanted Abraham alive more than he wanted him obedient.

Abraham left him too. Survival without the Voice that took him from Ur was not the bargain he had made.

Mamre Sent Him to the Knife

"What do you advise?" Abraham asked Mamre.

Mamre did not take the question as a compliment. He looked at the man who had walked out of a furnace and still wanted a committee for a piece of skin.

"Need you seek my advice in such a matter? Did He not release you from the fiery furnace, perform miracles, and rescue you from kings? You would have been destroyed long ago without His strength. He saved your two hundred forty-eight limbs, and you ask counsel about a piece of one organ. Do as He has commanded."

Abraham stood with that sentence in the air. The other two friends had counted enemies and blood. Mamre had counted the limbs already spared. The knife, after that math, was a small thing.

The Holy One answered Mamre with geography. Blessed shall you be for advising circumcision. I will reveal Myself to Abraham only in your territory. So it is written that the Lord appeared to him by the terebinths of Mamre (Genesis 18:1). The oaks became a reward for a sentence of obedience.

The Mound in the Sun

Abraham took Ishmael, every home-born male, and every bought servant, and circumcised them that very day, as God had spoken. Speed mattered. "That very day" left no room for a second round of friendly vetoes.

When the work was done he stacked the foreskins in a mound. The sun struck the pile. Worms worked. The odor rose before the Holy One like the incense of spices, like a burnt offering given wholly to the fire (Exodus 29:41).

God said, When the descendants of this man come to commit transgressions and evil deeds, I will remember this aroma and be filled with mercy for them. The cut was a sign on bodies. It was also a smell stored in heaven against a later failure.

Heat at the Tent Door

After the cut, Abraham sat at the tent door in the heat of the day. The Holy One made the day extreme so that no travelers would pass and force the wounded host to serve. Mercy came as burning air. A quarantine of climate.

The man who had just obeyed sat empty-handed for a moment. Then visitors still came, because hospitality would not leave him untested even when the flesh was raw.

Aner had offered flight. Eshkol had offered survival. Mamre had offered the furnace memory and the math of limbs. Abraham chose the third voice and bled on schedule. Later walkers past those trees would say more than here God visited. They would say here a friend refused to talk a patriarch out of a commandment.


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From the tradition

Sources

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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 3Midrash Tanchuma

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Townsend 1989 translation of Midrash Tanhuma, S. Buber Recension · CC-BY

And the Lord appeared unto him by the terebinths of Mamre (Gen. 18:1) Why did the Holy One, blessed be He, appear by the terebinths of Mamre? May the name of the Holy One, blessed be He, be blessed, for He does not withhold a reward from any of His creatures. Abraham had three friends, Aner, Eshkol, and Mamre, and when the Holy One commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, he consulted each of them. He went first to Aner and related to him what the Holy One had said. Aner replied: “Do you wish to cripple yourself so severely that when the descendants of the kings whom you have slain attack, you will be unable even to flee from them?” He left him and went to Eshkol and told him what the Lord had commanded. Eshkol responded: “You are an old man, and if you are circumcised, considerable blood will flow from you, and you will not be able to survive the loss and will perish.” Whereupon he departed from him, and went to Mamre and said: “What do you advise?” Mamre retorted: “Need you seek my advice in such a matter? Did He not release you from the fiery furnace, perform miracles in your behalf, and rescue you from kings? The fact is that you would have been destroyed long ago were it not for His strength and His might. He saved your two hundred and forty-eight limbs, and yet you ask advice concerning merely a piece of one of your organs. Do as He has commanded!” Thereupon the Holy One, blessed be He, exclaimed: Blessed shall you be for having advised him to be circumcised; I shall reveal Myself to him only in your territory. Hence, it is written: The Lord appeared unto him by the terebinths of Mamre.

And he sat in the tent door in the heat of the day (Gen. 18:1). Why the heat of the day? It indicates that the Holy One, blessed be He, had made the day extremely hot so that no travelers would pass by, necessitating Abraham to fuss over them.

Another explanation. Until the day breatheth (Song 4:6). This refers to judgment day, as it is said: For, behold, the day cometh, it burneth as a furnace; and all the proud, and all that work wickedness, shall be stubble; and the day that cometh shall set them ablaze, saith the Lord of hosts, that it shall leave them neither root nor branch (Mal. 3:19).

And the shadows flee away (Song 4:6). This indicates that on that day there will be no shadow for the wicked, as it is said: There is no darkness and shadow of death, where the workers of iniquity may hide themselves (Job 24:32).

I will get me to the mountains of myrrh (Song 4:6) refers to the Temple, in which they brought offerings of myrrh. And to the hill of frankincense (ibid.) alludes to Jerusalem, whither they brought their offerings of frankincense.

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Bereshit Rabbah 47:7Bereshit Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

(Genesis 17:23) tells us that Abraham, obedient to God's command, circumcised his son Ishmael and all the males in his household. “Abraham took Ishmael his son, and all those born in his house, and all those purchased with his money, every male among the people of Abraham’s household, and he circumcised the flesh of their foreskin on that very day, as God had spoken with him.” Okay, But the rabbis, never content with the surface level, ask: What happened next?

Rabbi Aivu, in Bereshit Rabbah 47, gives us a rather graphic image. He says that Abraham, after circumcising everyone, gathered all the foreskins and piled them into a mound.! A mound of foreskins!

Then…the sun shone on them. And, well, they started to rot. They became wormy. (I did warn you it was graphic!) The odor, according to Rabbi Aivu’s interpretation, rose up to the Holy One, blessed be He.

Here’s where it gets really interesting. Instead of being disgusted, God found the odor to be like the incense of spices, like a burnt offering completely consumed by the altar's fire. The text even connects it to the “pleasing aroma to the Lord” mentioned in (Exodus 29:41), referring to the daily burnt offering (olah) in the Tabernacle.

Wait, rotting foreskins compared to sweet-smelling incense? What's going on here?

The midrash, the rabbinic interpretation, doesn’t stop there. God, smelling this…unusual aroma, declares that when Abraham's descendants, that's us!, fall into transgression and commit evil deeds, He will remember this aroma. He will be filled with mercy and take pity on them. The physical remains of a mitzvah, even something as…unpleasant as this, become a source of divine mercy. That even the "leftovers" of our good deeds can have a lasting impact, influencing God's compassion for generations to come.

So, what are we to make of this bizarre and beautiful story? It’s not really about hygiene, is it? It’s about the enduring power of covenant, the ripple effect of obedience, and the surprising ways that God finds merit even in the seemingly unmeritorious. It suggests that even when we mess up, even when we fall short, the merit of our ancestors, the merit of past good deeds, can still speak on our behalf. As Ginzberg retells it in Legends of the Jews, this act of Abraham secures God's promise to remember the covenant with his descendants.

Next time you’re tempted to think that your small actions don't matter, remember Rabbi Aivu’s interpretation. Remember the mound of foreskins. Remember the aroma that rose to heaven, evidence of the enduring power of a single act of faith. Because even the strangest details of our tradition can hold profound lessons about divine mercy and the enduring legacy of good deeds.

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