5 min read

Solomon Named Himself Brutish Before His Own Throne

A rabbinic court drew up a list of men shut out of the world to come and moved to add the king who built the Temple. Then the Presence stood up to argue.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Court That Wanted His Name Off the List
  2. The Confession He Filed Under a False Name
  3. Seven Years for the House and Thirteen for the Bed
  4. The Presence Rose to Speak
  5. Heaven and Earth as Witnesses
Solomon Named Himself Brutish Before His Own Throne Click for full size

The Court That Wanted His Name Off the List

The list already had seven names on it. Three kings who had ruined Israel and four commoners whose wickedness had earned them the same sentence, all of them shut out of the world to come, all of them written down. The judges wanted an eighth.

They wanted Solomon.

Nobody in the room disputed the wisdom. That was never the charge. The charge was the seven hundred royal wives and the three hundred concubines, the shrines that went up on the hills around Jerusalem to keep foreign queens comfortable, and a heart that had gone where they went. The man had built the house of the LORD and then built altars within sight of it. The court weighed the two halves and reached for the pen.

The strongest evidence against him was a document he had written himself.

The Confession He Filed Under a False Name

He had not signed it Solomon. He signed it Agur son of Yakeh, a stranger's name, and every syllable of the alias was an accusation he had drawn up against himself: he had girded his loins, he had been clean of sin, he had carried the yoke of Heaven on his shoulders, he had understood the very letters of God and had been strong enough to bear them. All of that was true. He had ruled the worlds above and below, and his dominion had run from Tiphsah to Gaza, and the trade winds had bent toward his court.

Then, under the mask, in a room a few paces from his own throne, he named himself with a word the judges would later read out against him.

"Surely I am more brutish than a man."

Which man. He meant Noah, who drank his wine and was punished for it and is still called righteous in the scroll. Solomon had that warning in front of him his whole life and had never once studied it.

"I have not the understanding of a man." Now he meant Adam, who had exactly one wife, and she turned his heart, and that was enough to lose a garden. Solomon married a thousand. He wrote the count down himself, in public language, on a page anyone could pick up. A king does not usually leave the prosecution its best exhibit.

Seven Years for the House and Thirteen for the Bed

What the court left out of the file was the stonework.

The house of God went up in seven years. Cedar came down from Lebanon on rafts, the quarry sent stone already cut, the work moved fast because the king pushed it. His own palace took thirteen. Nearly twice as long for the room he slept in, because the craftsmen were somewhere else, on the other hill, finishing the sanctuary first.

Do you see a man skilled in his work. He shall stand before kings. Solomon had written that line too, before anyone needed it as a defense.

The Presence Rose to Speak

The Shekhinah (shechinah, God's indwelling presence) came and stood before the Holy One while the judges were still drafting.

"Master of the worlds. Do you see this man skilled in his work? They mean to seat him among the obscure."

The answer did not come from the bench. It came out of the air over the room, in the king's own words, turned back on the men holding the pen. He shall stand before kings. He shall not stand before the obscure.

The eighth name never went on the list. The one thing the court had not entered into evidence, the seven years and the thirteen, was the thing Heaven picked up and used. A man who kept the craftsmen on God's roof and let his own roof wait had bought himself an advocate he never knew he had hired.

Heaven and Earth as Witnesses

There is one more thing on the record, and Rabbi Alexandrai is the one who kept insisting on it. Solomon did not teach wisdom out of his books. He taught it out of his own conduct, and once he stood up in front of the whole world and swore to it.

"I call heaven and earth as witnesses against me. Of all the wisdom the Holy One gave me, I never once let a false word leave my mouth. Everything I said, I said in justice."

That is a strange oath from a man whose gifts made lying frictionless. He could have bent any judgment in any direction and left no mark on it. Divination sits on the lips of a king, the proverb says, and in judgment his mouth does not transgress. The wives turned his heart and the shrines went up and the court nearly wrote him out of eternity. His mouth stayed clean the entire time.

Both things belong to the same man. He filed the indictment himself and Heaven filed the defense, and the wisest king in the world spent his last strength arguing on both sides of his own case.


← All myths

From the tradition

Sources

3 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Midrash Mishlei 30:1Midrash Mishlei

Translation of the source text.Midrash Mishlei (Buber) · CC-BY

(Proverbs 30:1): "The words of Agur son of Yakeh, the burden [ha-massa]." Agur, for he girded [agar] his loins; son of Yakeh [Yakeh], a son who was clean [naki] of all sin and iniquity; ha-massa, for he bore [nasa] the yoke of the Holy One, blessed be He; "the utterance of the man [ha-gever]", for the holy spirit was upon him; "to Itiel [le-Itiel]", for he understood [hevin] the letters [otiyyot] of God [El]; "and Ukhal", for he was able [yakhol] to withstand them. How so? That he reigned over those above and those below. From where do we know this? As it is said (1 Kings 5:4): "For he ruled over all the region west of the River, from Tiphsah even to Gaza." And after all that kingship and all that wisdom and all that praise, he must say (Proverbs 30:2): "Surely I am more brutish than a man", this is Noah, who is called a man, as it is said (Genesis 6:9): "Noah was a righteous, blameless man in his generations." Solomon said: I should have learned from Noah, who became drunk with wine and was punished for it, yet is still called righteous. "And I have not the understanding of a man", this is Adam the first man, who had only one wife and she turned him aside, while I married a thousand women, as it is said (1 Kings 11:3): "And he had seven hundred royal wives and three hundred concubines," therefore it is said (1 Kings 11:4): "his wives turned away his heart," as it is said (Proverbs 16:1): "The arrangements of the heart belong to man."

Full source
Midrash Mishlei 22:8Midrash Mishlei

Translation of the source text.Midrash Mishlei (Buber) · CC-BY

(Proverbs 22:29): "Do you see a man skilled in his work?" - Come and see the wisdom of Solomon, who was skilled in the work of the Holy One, blessed be He, for he built the Temple in seven years [as it is said (1 Kings 6:38): "and he built it in seven years"], and his own house he built in thirteen [as it is said (1 Kings 7:1): "and his house Solomon built in thirteen years"]. Another interpretation of "Do you see a man skilled in his work": at the time when the Sanhedrin sought to count him among three kings and four commoners [who have no share in the world to come], the Shekhinah stood before the Holy One, blessed be He, and said before Him: 'Master of the worlds! "Do you see a man skilled" - they wish to count him among the obscure ones!' At that moment a heavenly voice went forth and said to them: "He shall stand before kings, he shall not stand before obscure ones" (Proverbs 22:29).

Full source
Midrash Mishlei 16:2Midrash Mishlei

Translation of the source text.Midrash Mishlei (Buber) · CC-BY

"A divine sentence is on the lips of the king; in judgment his mouth does not transgress" (Proverbs 16:10). Rabbi Alexandrai said: How fitting was the wisdom of Solomon, for he taught wisdom to others out of his own self. How so? Solomon said: I call heaven and earth to witness against me, that of all the wisdom which the Holy One, blessed be He, gave to me, I never brought forth from my mouth a word of falsehood, but everything was spoken in justice. Therefore it is said, "in judgment his mouth does not transgress" (Proverbs 16:10).

Full source