Parshat Vaera7 min read

The King Who Let Judah Bow to Him as a God

The boy was hidden in the Holy of Holies and lived. Years later his princes called that proof he was a god, and Joash believed them.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Boy King and the Priest Who Raised Him
  2. The Princes Who Came to Bow
  3. The Idol in the House and the Prophet at the Door
  4. The Blood That Would Not Be Silent
  5. The God of Judah Falls Like a Man

They found the child hidden inside the Temple, behind a curtain in the priests' quarters, where his aunt had carried him the night the queen ordered every grandson of David put to the sword. For six years the infant slept in the holiest precinct of the house of God, nursed in secret, while a usurper sat the throne of Judah. When the boy was seven, the priest Jehoiada brought him out into the light, set a crown on his small head, and the people clapped their hands and shouted, "Long live the king." His name was Joash, and he had been saved by a hiding place no one would dare search.

The Boy King and the Priest Who Raised Him

Jehoiada was no ordinary priest. He was the son of Benaiah, who had commanded Solomon's armies, and he had lived long enough to have seen Solomon's Temple with his own eyes before the kingdom split and rotted. Now he guided the boy's hand on every decree. Together they tore the altars of Baal apart and rebuilt the house of God, and they worked so fast that Jehoiada, old as he was, stood inside the finished sanctuary and wept, granted the sight of a second Temple before he died.

As long as the old man breathed, Joash walked humbly. He listened. He restored. He was the lamp lit in a dark generation, a king pulled out of obscurity and set back on a throne that should have been emptied of his line forever. And then Jehoiada died, one hundred and thirty years old, and they buried him among the kings because of the good he had done in Israel. The hand that had steadied Joash was in the ground.

The Princes Who Came to Bow

The princes of Judah came to the court, and they bowed low before the throne, lower than men bow to a king. Joash watched them press their faces toward the floor. Then they began to speak, and what they said was poison poured slow and sweet.

"You are a god," they told him. "If you were only flesh and blood, how could you have lived six years in the Holy of Holies? The high priest enters that place one time in the year, and the whole nation prays him in and prays him out, terrified he will not come back alive. You dwelt there as an infant for six years, and you did not die. No mortal does that. You are a god."

Joash could have laughed at them. Instead he leaned into the words. He had been hidden in that chamber as a helpless child, carried there by others, and now they handed him the secret of his own survival rewritten as proof of divinity. He listened to them. The scripture says it plainly, the king hearkened unto them, and in those four words a man traded the truth of his rescue for a lie about himself. He let the people of Judah worship him.

The Idol in the House and the Prophet at the Door

It did not stop at flattery. A god needs a shrine, and Joash moved to set an idol up inside the Temple itself, in the very house his hands had rebuilt. That was when a man stepped into the doorway and would not move.

Zechariah stood at the entrance to the sanctuary. He was Jehoiada's son, raised in the same holiness that had raised the king. He was priest and prophet and judge, and he was Joash's own son-in-law, married into the house of David. He looked at the king he had grown up beside and he said, "You shall not do this thing while I am alive."

The Spirit of God came over Zechariah and he cried out to the people that they had forsaken the Lord, and so the Lord had forsaken them. The crowd's mood turned. And Joash, who had once obeyed this man's father in everything, remembered nothing of the kindness Jehoiada had shown him. He gave the order. In the court of the house of God, on the Day of Atonement, which that year fell upon the Sabbath, they stoned the prophet to death between the porch and the altar. As Zechariah died on the holy floor he lifted his voice one last time. "May the Lord see," he said, "and avenge."

The Blood That Would Not Be Silent

The Lord saw. The blood of Zechariah pooled on the stone of the Temple court, and it did not soak away, and it did not dry, and it did not cool. It bubbled. It churned and seethed as though something living were trapped beneath the floor, and no water poured over it would wash it clean. For more than two centuries it boiled there, a wound in the earth that no one could close, an accusation that no king and no priest could answer.

Then Babylon broke through the walls. Nebuzaradan, captain of Nebuchadnezzar's guard, walked into the ruined Temple and stopped at the sight of blood that moved by itself. "What is this," he demanded. The priests told him it was the blood of bullocks from the sacrifices. He slaughtered animals and set their blood beside it, and theirs lay still while this blood raged. He pressed them until the truth came out, the murder of a prophet by his own king's hand. Nebuzaradan turned to the boiling pool. "I will appease you," he said, and he began killing until the floor ran red, and only then did Zechariah's blood at last grow quiet.

The God of Judah Falls Like a Man

Joash did not escape the judgment he had set in motion. A small Syrian army marched against Jerusalem, and the host of Judah that had bowed and called him divine was scattered before a handful of men, because the people had abandoned the God of their fathers. Joash was left grievously wounded, and the Syrians used him in their cruelty before they withdrew. As he lay broken in his bed, his own servants conspired against him for the blood of the sons of Jehoiada, and they killed him where he lay. The king who had been worshipped as a god bled out like any other man, and they would not even bury him in the tombs of the kings.

So heaven made it known. The child who had lived six years in the Holy of Holies had been saved by a hiding place, not by his own divinity, and the throne he sat had been a gift handed to him by a priest who loved him. He had called himself a god. He died proving he was only ever a man, and not even a good one.


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From the tradition

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The texts this telling draws on, in full. Open a card to read inline, or expand it for a wider, quieter read.

Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Vaera 16:3Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Vaera

Joash also made himself into a god, as it is stated (II Chron. 24:17): "[Now] after the death of Jehoiada the priest, [the princes of Judah came and bowed low to the king]." They said to him: You are a god! Were you not a god, you would not have spent six years in the Holy of Holies. The High Priest would enter there only one time, and everyone would pray for him that he enter in peace; yet you spent six years there. Were you not a god, you would not have lived. At that time he accepted it from them, as it is stated (II Chron. 24:17, continued): "Then the king hearkened unto them." Immediately the Holy One made known to him that he was flesh and blood. What is written (II Chron. 24:24)? "So they inflicted judgments on Joash." Ergo (Ps. 9:21): "Let the nations know that they are only human. Selah."

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Legends of the Jews 9:6Legends of the Jews

Jehoiada was quite the figure – the son of Benaiah, who served as commander-in-chief of the army under Solomon.

King Joash, guided by Jehoiada, diligently set about restoring the Temple. And they worked so quickly that Jehoiada, having seen Solomon's original temple, was granted the blessing of seeing the new one before he passed away.

As long as Joash listened to Jehoiada, he was a righteous king. After Jehoiada's death, the king's advisors started to flatter him. They told him, "If you weren’t a god, how could you have stayed in the Holy of Holies for six years? Even the high priest can only enter that sacred space once a year!" (The Holy of Holies, or Kodesh Hakodashim, was the innermost sanctuary of the Temple).

Joash, sadly, believed their lies. He allowed the people to worship him as a god. Can you imagine? The temptation! According to Ginzberg's retelling in Legends of the Jews, this folly went so far that Joash even tried to set up an idol within the Temple itself.

That's when Zechariah, Jehoiada's son, stepped in. He was not just a high priest, prophet, and judge, but also Joash's own son-in-law! Zechariah stood at the Temple entrance and declared, "You shall not do it as long as I live!"

But Joash, blinded by his own arrogance, had Zechariah killed for his defiance. It was an unspeakable act, made even more horrific because it happened on Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement, which also fell on the Sabbath. According to the tradition, Zechariah was murdered in the very hall of the priests.

And here’s where the legend gets truly chilling. The innocent blood of Zechariah, spilled on that holy ground, wouldn't be silenced. For 252 years, it seethed and pulsed, crying out for justice.

Finally, as we find in Midrash Rabbah, Nebuzaradan, the captain of Nebuchadnezzar's guard, arrived. He saw the blood and, upon learning the story of Zechariah's murder, ordered a great slaughter of the Judeans to avenge his death.

A pretty grim tale, isn't it? It’s a stark reminder of the consequences of arrogance, the importance of humility, and the enduring power of righteous action. And it leaves you pondering: how easily can we, too, be swayed by flattery and lose sight of what's truly important?

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Legends of the Jews 9:8Legends of the Jews

The karmic wheel turned quickly. Ginzberg, in Legends of the Jews, paints a grim picture: Joash didn't just die; he suffered. He fell into the hands of the Syrians, who, the text delicately puts it, "abused him in their barbarous, immoral way." And just when he thought the ordeal was over, his own servants finished the job, assassinating him.

Then comes his son, Amaziah. He starts off well enough, seemingly following in his father’s footsteps only in kingship, not in sin. He even wins a major victory against the Edomites, thanks to, as the Second Book of Chronicles tells us, God’s aid. Instead of thanking God properly, Amaziah decides the best way to show his gratitude is to bring the idols of the defeated Edomites back to Jerusalem and start worshipping them!

Why? What was he thinking? Perhaps he thought he could co-opt their power, or maybe he was just arrogant in his victory. Whatever the reason, God, unsurprisingly, wasn’t thrilled.

So, what does God do? According to Legends of the Jews, God inspires Amaziah to pick a fight with Joash, the king of the northern kingdom of Israel (who happened to be of no relation to Amaziah). It’s like God’s setting the stage for a showdown. Amaziah, puffed up with pride, demands that Joash acknowledge him as the superior ruler. Surrender, or face the consequences!

Joash, probably sighing at the absurdity of it all, tries to reason with Amaziah. He sends him a parable, a story meant to warn him. In this parable, reminiscent of the story of Shechem from Genesis 34, Joash reminds Amaziah of the dangers of provoking a stronger power, of the violence that can follow when you overstep your bounds.

But Amaziah, blinded by ego, refuses to listen. He insists on war. And as you might guess, it doesn’t go well for him. Amaziah suffers a crushing defeat. The Second Book of Kings (14:11-12) tells us that Judah was routed, and Amaziah was captured. And it doesn't end there. According to Legends of the Jews, Amaziah is eventually tortured to death by his own people. A tragic end for a king who started with such promise.

What are we to make of these stories? Perhaps it's a reminder that power, victory, and even good intentions can be corrupted. It's a potent reminder of the consequences of hubris, of forgetting the source of your blessings. And maybe, just maybe, it's a cautionary tale for all of us, regardless of our station in life, to stay humble and remember the importance of staying true to our values.

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Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 194Exempla of the Rabbis (Gaster, 1924)

When the Babylonians breached the walls of Jerusalem and stormed the Temple, they found something in the courtyard that stopped them cold. A pool of blood. Bubbling. Boiling. Churning as though it were alive. And it had been doing this for centuries.

This was the blood of Zechariah the prophet, son of Jehoiada the priest, who had been murdered in the Temple courtyard by order of King Joash (2 (Chronicles 24:20)-22). Zechariah had rebuked the king for abandoning God, and the king had him stoned to death, in the very courtyard of the Temple itself. As Zechariah lay dying, he cried out: "May the Lord see and avenge!"

God saw. And the blood refused to be silent. According to the Talmud in Gittin (57b) and multiple midrashic (rabbinic interpretive commentary) sources including Pesikta Rabbati (chapter 25) and Lamentations Rabbah, the blood of Zechariah continued to boil on the Temple floor for over two hundred years. No amount of washing could clean it. No amount of time could cool it. It was a wound in the earth itself, a permanent accusation against a nation that had murdered its own prophet in the house of God.

When the Babylonian general Nebuzaradan entered the Temple and saw the boiling blood, he demanded an explanation. The Jews tried to cover it up, it was the blood of sacrificial animals, they said. Nebuzaradan was not convinced. He slaughtered animals and compared the blood. It was different. He pressed harder. Finally, the truth came out.

The general turned to the boiling blood. "I will appease you," he said, and began killing Jews over the blood until it finally grew still. The rabbis preserved this horrifying tale as a lesson: innocent blood cries out from the ground, and its cry does not fade with time.

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Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 180:2Yalkut Shimoni on Torah

Another interpretation: "See, I have made you a god." The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him: Because Pharaoh made himself a god, let it be made known that he is nothing at all in the world; behold, I am making you a god over him. And from where do we know that Pharaoh made himself a god? As it is said, "Because he said, My river is my own, and I have made myself" (Ezekiel 29:3), meaning, I am the one who created myself. This is one of four men who made themselves into divinities and brought harm upon their own souls, three from the nations of the world and one from Israel. They are these: Hiram, Nebuchadnezzar, Pharaoh, and Joash. From where do we know about Hiram? As it is said, "Say to the prince of Tyre, Thus says the Lord GOD: Because your heart is haughty and you have said, I am a god." And because he made himself a god he harmed his own soul, as it is said, "You have corrupted your wisdom by reason of your splendor; I have cast you to the ground" (Ezekiel 28:17). From where do we know about Nebuchadnezzar? As it is said, "I will ascend above the heights of the clouds, I will be like the Most High" (Isaiah 14:14). The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him: By your life, "Yet you shall be brought down to Sheol, to the depths of the pit." What did the Holy One, blessed be He, do to him? He exiled him while he was still in his kingdom, and fed him grass like an animal, as it is said, "They shall make you eat grass like oxen" (Daniel 4:22); and beast and creature saw him in the likeness of a beast and creature and bit him, as it is said, "And the destruction of the beasts shall terrify them" (Habakkuk 2:17), for he became food for every beast and creature. From where do we know about Joash? As it is said, "And after the death of Jehoiada the princes of Judah came and bowed down to the king" (II Chronicles 24:17), for they made him a god, and he accepted it, as it is said, "Then the king listened to them." And he harmed his own soul, as it is said, "And they executed judgments upon Joash" (II Chronicles 24:24). Pharaoh made himself a god and harmed his own soul, as it is said, "Behold, I am against Pharaoh" [Hophra], meaning, that he received his recompense from the Holy One, blessed be He.

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