Parshat Noach6 min read

The Serpent That Spoke and the Ark Left in Armenia

Every animal in the first garden shared one language, and the serpent used it. Long after, villagers in Armenia pried bitumen off the hull to wear as charms.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Snake Who Shared the Language of Men
  2. The Curse That Took His Legs and His Voice
  3. Seven Generations, Then the Sons of Angels
  4. The Ark of Four Stories and the Forty Days
  5. The Place of Descent
The Serpent That Spoke and the Ark Left in Armenia Click for full size

The Snake Who Shared the Language of Men

In the first garden every animal spoke, and they all spoke the same tongue. The lion and the sparrow and the man understood one another without effort. So did the serpent, and the serpent was watching.

He watched Adam, the man shaped from red earth, and Eve, the woman drawn from the man's own rib, and he could not stand what he saw. Two creatures wanting nothing. Two creatures obeying God and content in it. There was one tree they had been told never to touch, a tree of the knowledge of good and evil, and the serpent slid close to the woman and used the language they shared.

"You will not become less by eating it," he told her. "You will become like God, lacking nothing." He said it plainly, the way a friend gives advice. Eve listened. She ate, and the fruit was sweet, and she carried it to Adam and watched him eat too.

Their eyes changed in an instant. They looked down and saw their own bodies bare, and the sight shamed them. They stitched fig leaves together, covered themselves, and went looking for somewhere to hide from the One who had made them.

The Curse That Took His Legs and His Voice

God found them crouched among the trees, and the questioning began. Adam blamed Eve. Eve blamed the serpent. The serpent had no one left to blame.

The sentences came down one by one. Adam would break his back over ground that had once given food freely. Eve would bring children into the world through pain. And the serpent, who had started all of it, lost the most. God took his voice, so that he would never scheme with words again. God took his legs, so that he would drag himself along the dust on his belly. God set poison beneath his tongue where clever speech had been, and God promised that from then on the children of the woman would strike at his head wherever they found him.

Then God drove the man and the woman out of the garden, and the gate closed behind them, and the age when animals spoke was over.

Seven Generations, Then the Sons of Angels

For a while the world held. Through seven generations the line of Seth stayed decent, honoring the God who had made their first parents. Then it broke.

The angels of God came down and took human women as wives, and the women bore them sons of monstrous size and monstrous strength, the kind of beings that Greek tellers would later call giants. These sons trusted nothing but their own force. Violence spread until the whole earth was soaked in it, and arrogance spread with it.

One man argued against the tide. Noah went from household to household and begged them to change how they lived. "Turn back," he told them, "before there is nothing left to turn back to." They laughed at him. Then their laughter curdled into something worse, and Noah understood that these men would kill him and his family for the crime of being right. He gathered his sons and withdrew.

The Ark of Four Stories and the Forty Days

God had already decided. He loved Noah for staying clean in a filthy generation, and He would wash the generation away and begin the human story again from one honest family. He cut the human lifespan down to a hundred and twenty years. Then He gave Noah a builder's plan.

The vessel was to rise four stories tall, three hundred cubits long, fifty across, thirty high, braced with cross beams and sealed tight so the water could not force its way through the seams. Noah built it. He led his family aboard, and the animals came behind them, pair after pair, some by sevens, and he packed away food for a voyage no one had ever taken.

The rain fell for forty days. The water climbed fifteen cubits above the highest ground, and everything breathing outside the hull drowned. For a hundred and fifty days the ark rode a world with no shore. Then the water began to sink. Noah loosed a raven, and it came back with nowhere to land. Seven days later he loosed a dove, and it returned with mud on its feet and a fresh olive branch in its beak. The earth was drying.

When Noah finally stepped onto solid ground he built an altar, and over the smoke he asked God never to do this again. God answered that the ruin had not been His wish but the work of human hands, and He hung a bow of light in the clouds as a promise that the waters would never return. He let people eat the flesh of animals from then on, though never the blood, "for in the blood is the life," and He warned that anyone who spilled a man's blood would answer for it.

The Place of Descent

The ark had come to rest in the mountains of Armenia, and it did not rot away into legend. It stayed. The people who lived on those slopes called the spot the Place of Descent, and they would take newcomers up to see the old timbers of the hull still lodged where the water had left them. Some pried loose the black bitumen that had sealed the boards and wore it around their necks as a charm against harm.

The memory did not belong to one people either. A Chaldean named Berosus wrote of the wreck on the Armenian heights and of the scavengers who carried its tar away as amulets. Nicolaus of Damascus told of a great mountain called Baris, above the country, where a man survived a flood in a vessel that grounded on the peak, and where the fragments lasted a long time after. Nations who had never heard of Noah, who kept no Sabbath and read no Torah, still carried the flood in their records without knowing whose boat they were describing.

The bitumen hung at their throats. The timbers stood on the mountain. The story had left something a hand could touch.


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Sources

2 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Antiquities I.1Antiquities of the Jews (Josephus)

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Antiquities of the Jews, trans. William Whiston · Public Domain

The serpent could talk. That detail, buried in Josephus's retelling of creation in the Antiquities of the Jews (c. 93 CE), changes everything about how the story lands. Before the Fall, every living creature shared a single language. And the snake used his to scheme.

First, the beginning. God shaped the world in six days, light torn from darkness, a crystalline firmament set over the earth like a dome, dry land commanded up from the waters. On the fourth day the sun, moon, and stars were placed in their courses to mark the seasons. On the fifth, swimming and flying things. On the sixth, animals and then Adam, whose name, Josephus notes, means "red" in Hebrew, because he was formed from red earth, adamah (אדמה).

God brought every creature before Adam for naming. But none was a companion. So God put him to sleep, took a rib, and formed Eve. Chavah (חוה), "the mother of all living." He planted a garden in the east with two extraordinary trees: one of life, one of knowledge of good and evil. One rule: don't touch the second tree.

Enter the serpent. Envious of the couple's happiness, he persuaded Eve that eating from the forbidden tree would make them like God, not inferior in any way. She ate. She convinced Adam. Immediately their understanding sharpened. They saw their own nakedness, stitched fig leaves together, and hid.

God's punishment was precise. Adam would toil for food the ground once gave freely. Eve would suffer the pain of childbirth. And the serpent, the instigator, lost his speech, his legs, and gained poison under his tongue. He would crawl on his belly forever, and humanity would strike at his head (Genesis 3:15). Then God removed them from the garden entirely.

What makes Josephus's version striking is the emphasis on the serpent's motive: not cosmic rebellion, but plain jealousy. He saw two happy creatures obeying God, and he couldn't stand it.

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Antiquities I.3Antiquities of the Jews (Josephus)

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Antiquities of the Jews, trans. William Whiston · Public Domain

The ark landed in Armenia, and according to Josephus, the locals were still showing off pieces of it in the first century CE. He calls the site Apobaterion (αποβατηριον), "The Place of Descent". And cites multiple non-Jewish historians who confirmed the tradition. Berosus the Chaldean wrote that people chipped off bitumen from the wreck and wore it as protective amulets. Nicolaus of Damascus described a great mountain called Baris where survivors of a massive flood came to shore.

Josephus starts the story long before the ark. For seven generations after Seth, humanity stayed virtuous. Then everything collapsed. The angels of God took human wives and fathered sons of terrifying strength, beings who "did what resembled the acts of those whom the Grecians call giants." Violence and arrogance consumed the earth.

Noah tried to talk them out of it. He begged them to change. They ignored him. Worse, he feared they would murder him and his family. So he withdrew.

God loved Noah for his righteousness and decided to act. He would destroy the entire human race and start over. He shortened the human lifespan to one hundred and twenty years. Then He gave Noah the blueprint: an ark of four stories, three hundred cubits long, fifty wide, thirty high, braced with cross beams, sealed against the violence of the water. Noah loaded his family, pairs of every creature, some by sevens. And provisions for the journey.

The rain fell for forty days. The water rose fifteen cubits above the earth. Every living thing outside the ark perished. After one hundred and fifty days the waters began to recede. Noah sent a raven, it returned, finding no dry land. Seven days later, a dove, it came back muddied, carrying an olive branch (Genesis 8:11). The earth was clearing.

When Noah finally emerged, he sacrificed to God and begged Him never to flood the earth again. God answered: the destruction was not His desire but humanity's own doing. He set the rainbow in the sky as a sign, the bow of God, Josephus calls it, a promise that the waters would never return. He permitted humans to eat animals but forbade the consumption of blood, "for therein is the life." And He demanded justice: anyone who shed human blood would answer for it.

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