Parshat Haazinu6 min read

The Three Friends Who Walk a Dying Man to Judgment

A dying man summoned before the King runs to his three lifelong friends, but only his good deeds pass the gate and walk in at his side.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Summons No Man Refuses
  2. The Friends Who Turned Back at the Gate
  3. The Deeds That Walked in First
  4. The One Voice That Says I Am in Both Worlds
  5. The Spoonful That Rose Like Yeast
The Three Friends Who Walk a Dying Man to Judgment Click for full size

The Summons No Man Refuses

The messenger came at an hour no one chooses. A man who had built a good life, a house full of sons, storerooms heavy with silver, heard that he was called to stand before the King and give an accounting of himself. His knees went loose. He knew the road ran one direction only, and he knew he would not walk it twice.

So he did what any frightened man does. He ran to his friends.

The Friends Who Turned Back at the Gate

He had three of them, and he had spent his whole life with all three.

The first was his family, the sons and the household who ate at his table. He seized them and begged, "Come and save me from the judgment of this evil death." They walked with him a little way, weeping. Then they stopped. "Have you not heard," they said, "that no one prevails over the day of death? None of us can redeem a brother. The ransom for a soul is too costly, and we do not have the price." They kissed him, they turned back at the mouth of the grave, and they went home to divide what he left behind.

The second friend was his wealth, the silver and the fields and the standing that money buys. He clutched at it. "Save me from the judgment of this evil death." His wealth did not even pretend to follow. "Riches do not profit in the day of wrath," it said, cold as a shut vault. Then it stayed exactly where it was, in the world he was leaving, and did not so much as watch him go.

The Deeds That Walked in First

One friend was left, and it was the friend he had thought about least. His good deeds. The bread he had handed to a hungry man, the orphan he had defended, the mourner he had sat beside in the dark. He turned to them with the last of his voice. "I beg you, come and deliver me from the judgment of this evil death."

His good deeds answered, "Go. We will go before you." They did not lag behind him and they did not leave him at the threshold. They went ahead of him into the dark like a lamp carried into a strange house, so that his righteousness walked in front and the glory of the Lord closed the road behind him. Money could not buy that. Sons could not lend it. A man packs it himself, one act at a time, and does not learn until this hour whether the bag is full or empty.

The One Voice That Says I Am in Both Worlds

Then came the King himself. Passing through, the man learned what the whole earth learns in that country. Only one voice there can say "I Am" and mean it in this world and in the world to come. The Holy One, blessed be He, alone stands on both banks of death, unbroken, the same before a man is born and after his body is dust. "See now that I, I am He," God had declared long before, "and there is no god beside me. I kill, and I make alive."

There is no appeal past that voice. No angel flies down to buy off the sentence. No seraph reaches into the fire of Gehinnom (גיהנום), the place of scouring after death, to pull out one who swore that God is not One. "There is none that can deliver out of my hand." The nations who insisted there was a second power, another god able to match Him, are handed a second death, the death from which no one rises. But the man who held, even shaking, to the One who redeemed Israel out of Egypt and will redeem them again when the last kingdom falls, that man is marked for a life that does not end.

The Spoonful That Rose Like Yeast

Rabbi Ishmael used to describe what is left of a body once the grave has finished with it. Not a skeleton. Not a fistful of bones. A single spoonful of earthy matter, the last stubborn residue of a person, folded into the dirt and forgotten.

That spoonful is not refuse. It is yeast. When the Holy One calls the earth to give back what it swallowed, that small remnant works through the dust the way a pinch of leaven works through a whole trough of dough. It swells. It rises. It builds the body up again out of almost nothing, and it does this without a single drop of rain or water, on the strength of the command alone.

Then the ground answers. The earth shudders, the mountains shake loose, the graves crack open, and the stones that sealed them are flung aside. Up out of the broken dirt come the ones who kept faith with the One, and they do not rise as corpses. They rise shining, gathered and lifted like the jewels of a crown held high over the land, each one a stone the King sets back into His diadem with His own hand.

The sons stayed home. The silver stayed in the vault. Only the deeds walked the whole way, from the bedside, through the gate, past the fire, down into the spoonful of dust and up again into the light.


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From the tradition

Sources

3 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 34:8Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Pirke de Rabbi Eliezer, trans. Rabbi Gerald Friedlander, London (1916) · CC-BY

Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer, in chapter 34, paints a stark, yet ultimately hopeful, picture of this very moment.

A person has three friends in their lifetime: their family, their wealth, and their good deeds. But what happens when death approaches? The story unfolds with a man on his deathbed, desperately seeking salvation.

First, he turns to his sons and household, pleading, "Come and save me from the judgment of this evil death!" But they, echoing the wisdom of (Psalm 49:7-8), respond with a hard truth: "Hast thou not heard that there is no one who can prevail over the day of death? 'None of them can by any means redeem his brother. For the redemption of their soul is costly.'" Family, as much as they might love us, cannot shield us from mortality.

Next, the man calls upon his wealth, begging, "Save me from the judgment of this evil death." But his money, too, offers no comfort, reminding him, perhaps a little coldly, of (Proverbs 11:4): "Riches profit not in the day of wrath." Wealth, it seems, loses its power in the face of death. It can buy many things, but not immortality.

Finally, in desperation, he turns to his good deeds, saying, "I beseech you, come and deliver me from the judgment of this evil death." And here, the tone shifts. His good deeds offer solace. "Before thou goest," they reply, "verily, we will go in advance of thee." This echoes the sentiment of (Isaiah 58:8): "And thy righteousness shall go before thee, the glory of the Lord shall be thy rearward."

But does charity truly deliver from death? The text clarifies that it delivers from an "evil death." What does that mean? Perhaps it implies a death filled with regret, fear, or spiritual emptiness. Good deeds, then, don't grant immortality, but they can pave the way for a more peaceful and meaningful transition.

This idea connects to the broader Jewish concept of tikkun (spiritual repair) olam, repairing the world through acts of kindness and justice. Our actions, our mitzvot (commandments and good deeds), resonate beyond our physical existence. They create a legacy of goodness that accompanies us, offering comfort and perhaps even mitigating the sting of death.

So, what are we to take from this? It's not about avoiding death – that's inevitable. It's about living a life that allows us to face it with a sense of peace and purpose. It's about cultivating the kind of "friend" that will stand by us, even when everything else fades away. It's a powerful reminder to invest in what truly matters: not just for the sake of others, but for the sake of our own souls.

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Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 34:1Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Pirke de Rabbi Eliezer, trans. Rabbi Gerald Friedlander, London (1916) · CC-BY

What are the implications of that oneness, especially when we think about life, death, and what comes after?

Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer, a fascinating text from the early Middle Ages, grapples with this very question in its 34th chapter. It centers around the verse from (Deuteronomy 32:39): "See now that I, even I, am he, and there is no God with me."

The text boldly declares that only the Holy One, blessed be He, can utter those words: "I am" in this world, and "I am" in the world to come. This isn't just about power, it's about singular, continuous existence. The text links this directly to redemption. God is the one who redeemed Israel from Egypt, and will redeem them again at the end of days, after the reign of the "fourth kingdom" – a term often interpreted as referring to Rome and its successors.

What about those who deny this oneness? What about those who claim there's another God? Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer pulls no punches. It states that those nations will be slain with a "second death," one from which there is no resurrection. Conversely, those who acknowledge God’s singular existence will be granted eternal life. "I kill, and I make alive," the text emphasizes, quoting the very same verse from Deuteronomy. It’s a stark contrast, highlighting the profound consequences of belief and disbelief.

There’s a raw, almost brutal honesty here. It speaks of divine judgment and ultimate justice. But it also speaks of healing. "I have wounded Jerusalem and her people on the day of My anger," it says, "and in great mercy I will heal them." The idea is that even in moments of divine anger and apparent destruction, there's an underlying promise of eventual restoration and healing. This duality, judgment and mercy, is central to the Jewish understanding of God.

And what about intermediaries? Can angels or seraphim intervene to save the wicked from the fiery judgment of Gehinnom (the place of spiritual purification after death), Gehinnom, the place of spiritual purification in Jewish tradition? The answer, according to this chapter, is a resounding no. "And there is none that can deliver out of my hand," the text asserts. This emphasizes God's absolute sovereignty and the finality of divine judgment.

Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer presents a powerful vision of a God who is both judge and redeemer, whose oneness is inextricably linked to the fate of nations and the promise of resurrection. It's a reminder that belief in God's singular existence isn't just an abstract theological concept; it's a matter of life and death, both in this world and the world to come. It asks us to consider the weight of our beliefs, and the ultimate source of our redemption.

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Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 34:10Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Pirke de Rabbi Eliezer, trans. Rabbi Gerald Friedlander, London (1916) · CC-BY

Jewish tradition, rich with layers of meaning and metaphor, grapples with this in some fascinating ways. to one particularly vivid description found in Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer, a fascinating text from late antiquity filled with biblical narratives and expansions. Chapter 34 offers a powerful image of resurrection.

Rabbi Ishmael, a prominent figure in the Talmud, paints a stark picture of decay. He says that our bodies crumble, returning to the earth until only a mere "spoonful of earthy matter" remains. The physical shell that carries us through this world, reduced to… dust.

That's not the end of the story. Far from it.

Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer then leaps forward to the future, to a time when the Holy One, blessed be He, calls the earth to give back what it holds. And here's where things get really interesting. That tiny spoonful of earthy matter? It acts like yeast. You know, the stuff that makes bread rise? It's mixed with the dust, and it "improves and increases," raising up the entire body. image for a moment. The idea that something so small, so seemingly insignificant, can contain the potential for complete renewal. It speaks to the profound power embedded within even the most degraded remnants of our physical selves. It's a beautiful metaphor for hope, for the enduring spark of life.

And this resurrection, the text emphasizes, happens "without water." Why is that detail important? Perhaps to highlight the miraculous nature of the event. No external agent is required, just the inherent power of the divine command.

Then comes the drama. When God calls, the earth responds. It quakes, the mountains tremble, graves burst open, and gravestones scatter. It's a scene of immense power and upheaval, a cosmic event of unparalleled magnitude.

The passage concludes with a quote from the prophet Zechariah (9:16): "And the Lord God shall save them in that day as the flock of his people: for they shall be as the stones of a crown, lifted on high over his land." The resurrected are likened to precious stones, elevated and glorified. It's a stunning visual.

What does it all mean? Well, there are many ways to interpret it. On a literal level, it offers a vision of physical resurrection. But on a deeper, more symbolic level, it speaks to the enduring power of the human spirit, the possibility of renewal even after death, and the ultimate triumph of life over decay.

Perhaps the key takeaway is the idea that even when we feel most broken down, most reduced, there is still a spark within us that can be rekindled. That spoonful of earthy matter, that tiny bit of yeast, holds the promise of a future we can scarcely imagine. And that, my friends, is a powerful thought to carry with us.

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