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Haman Was Fattened for Slaughter, Not for His Own Good

A farmer fed his sow without limit while the animals that worked got measured barley. The filly could not understand it until the butcher came.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Seat Above the Princes
  2. What His Eyes Did to Him
  3. He Told the King That God Was Asleep
  4. He Complained About the Holidays
  5. Michael Answered From Above
  6. The Silver and the Gallows Weighed the Same

The sow ate all day.

Haman Was Fattened for Slaughter, Not for His Own Good Click for full size

She ate while the filly hauled and the donkey carried, and when those two came in at evening there was a measured feed waiting, a fixed amount, counted out. The sow had no measure. Her trough was simply full again.

"What is the fool doing?" the filly said to her mother. "We do his work and he counts out our barley. She does nothing and he gives her everything."

"Wait," the donkey said. "You will live to see her go down. What he puts into her is not for her good."

On the first of the month, when the feast day came, they took the fattened sow out to the slaughter and cut her throat.

Afterward they set barley in front of the filly and she blew on it and would not touch it. Her mother said, "It was not the eating that did it, daughter. It was the standing around."

The Seat Above the Princes

In Shushan, in the palace, a man was being fed without measure.

Ahasuerus promoted Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, lifted him up, and set his chair above every prince in the empire. Above the ones who had bled for the crown. Above the ones with land and lineage. The wicked perish like the fat of rams, and the fat of a ram is not the animal's good fortune.

It looked like the top of the world. It was a trough.

What His Eyes Did to Him

He rode out through the king's gate and the whole courtyard went down on its face except one man.

Mordecai stood. That was the entire offense. He did not shout, he did not spit, he stood there while everyone around him flattened himself into the dust, and Haman looked at him, and the looking put a rage in him that never came out again.

Looking is how that kind of man goes down. The sons of the great looked at the daughters of men and took whatever they wanted. Ham looked into his father's tent at what he should have covered. Esau looked and saw that the women of Canaan disgusted his father. Balak looked at what Israel had done to the Amorites and sent for a man to curse them. Balaam looked and saw that heaven meant to bless Israel, and rode on anyway. Every one of them was ruined by an eyeful.

The upright look too, and it carries them up. Abraham lifted his eyes and there were three men standing at his tent. Abraham looked up on the mountain and there was a ram caught by its horns. Jacob looked and there was a well in a field. Moses looked and there was a bush burning and not burning up. Phinehas looked, and stood up, and stopped a plague with his own hands.

Haman looked at a man who would not bend, and it took him down to Gehenna (the realm of judgment after death).

He Told the King That God Was Asleep

"There is a certain people," he said, "scattered and spread through the peoples in every province of your kingdom. Their laws are different from everyone's. They do not keep the king's laws. It is not worth the king's while to tolerate them."

There is. Yeshno. One turn of the vowels away from yashen, he is asleep. That was the sentence hidden under the sentence, and it was not about the people. Their God is asleep on the job.

It was heard. "There is no sleep in front of Me. The guardian of Israel does not slumber and does not sleep. You say I sleep? By your life, I will wake up against that man and take him out of the world."

He Complained About the Holidays

Haman was not finished. He warmed to it.

"Their teeth are big," he said. "They eat, they drink, and they call it delight in the Sabbath, delight in the festival. They bleed the assets of the world. One day in every seven, gone. One day in every thirty for the new moon. Passover in Nisan. Shavuot in Sivan. In Tishrei the new year, and the great fast, and then a whole week living in booths."

"That is what their Torah commands them," the king said.

"If they kept their days and ours as well, fine. They hold yours in contempt. They do not keep the calends. They do not keep the Saturnalia."

That was the sentence that finished him. "You are running down their festivals," God said. "I will bring you down in front of them, and they will add one more festival on top of the ones you just counted, and it will be about your fall."

Purim is the answer to that complaint. A fool's mouth is his own ruin.

Michael Answered From Above

Every word Haman spoke in the throne room downstairs was being answered upstairs, sentence for sentence, by Michael.

"Master of the universe," Michael said. "Your children are being denounced down there. Not for idols. Not for licentiousness. Not for bloodshed. They are being denounced for keeping Your laws."

"I have not abandoned them and I will not." Guilty or innocent made no difference to the answer. The world cannot stand without Israel in it.

The Silver and the Gallows Weighed the Same

Haman put ten thousand talents of silver on the table for the permission he wanted. A man can offer all the wealth of his house and still be laughed out of the room, and the king did not even take the money. He pulled the ring off his own finger. "The silver is yours, and the people are yours, do what you like with them."

Hakesef, the silver. Count the letters: five, twenty, sixty, eighty. A hundred and sixty-five.

Haetz, the gallows. Five, seventy, ninety. A hundred and sixty-five.

The bribe and the beam came out to the same number. Before the year was out Haman had a gallows fifty cubits high standing in his own courtyard, and he had built it for another man.


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From the tradition

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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Esther Rabbah 7:1Esther Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

“After these matters, King Aḥashverosh promoted Haman son of Hamedata the Agagite, and he raised him up and set his seat above all the princes who were with him” (Esther 3:1).“After these matters, King Aḥashverosh promoted Haman son of Hamedata” – that is what is written: “But the wicked will perish, and the enemies of the Lord will be like the fat of rams” (Psalms 37:20). They are not fattened for their own good, but for slaughter; so was Haman only made great for his downfall. This is analogous to a person who had a filly, a donkey [the mother of the filly], and a sow. He would feed the sow without limit, and the filly and the donkey measured amounts. The filly said to the donkey: ‘What is this fool doing? We, who perform the owner’s labor, he feeds us measured amounts, and the sow that is idle, without limit.’ She [the donkey] said to her [the filly]: ‘The time will come and you will witness its downfall, as they are not feeding it more for its benefit, but rather, to its detriment.’ When the calends1The first day of the Roman month, which was often a feast day. arrived, they immediately took the sow and slaughtered it. They began placing barley before the daughter of the donkey, and she blew on it and wouldn’t eat. Her mother said to her: ‘My daughter, it is not the food that causes it, but rather the idleness causes it,’ as it is written: “He set his seat above all the princes who were with him” – therefore, “they hanged Haman” (Esther 7:10).

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Esther Rabbah 7:9Esther Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

“Haman saw that Mordekhai was not bowing and prostrating himself to him and Haman was filled with wrath” (Esther 3:5).“Haman saw that Mordekhai was not bowing and prostrating himself to him” – Rabbi Aivu said: “May their eyes,” of the wicked, “grow dim so they cannot see” (Psalms 69:24). Because the sight of the eyes of the wicked takes them down to Gehenna; that is what is written: “The children of the great saw the daughters of man”5The children of the great sinned in doing so. See the following verses. (Genesis 6:2); “Ham, father of Canaan, saw [the nakedness of his father] (Genesis 9:22); “Esau saw that the daughters of Canaan were objectionable [in the eyes of Isaac his father]”6Esau had previously married two women from Canaan. (Genesis 28:8); “Balak son of Tzippor saw [all that Israel had done to the Emorites]”7He subsequently hired Bilam to curse them. (Numbers 22:2); “Bilam saw that it was pleasing in the eyes of the Lord to bless Israel,”8Despite his efforts to curse them. (Numbers 24:1); “Haman saw that Mordekhai was not bowing and prostrating himself to him.”However, the sight of the eyes of the righteous brings light, as the sight of the eyes of the righteous elevates them to the highest heights; that is what is written: “He [Abraham] lifted his eyes and saw, and behold, three men” (Genesis 18:2); “He [Abraham] saw, and behold, a ram” (Genesis 22:13); “He [Jacob] saw, and behold, a well in the field” (Genesis 29:2); “He [Moses] saw, and behold, a bush” (Exodus 3:2); “Pinḥas saw”9He saw the Israelites sinning with the daughters of Midyan and arose to put a stop to it. (Numbers 25:7). Therefore, they are happy with the sight of their eyes, as it is stated: “The upright see this and rejoice” (Psalms 107:42).

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Esther Rabbah 7:12Esther Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

“Haman said to King Aḥashverosh: There is one people that is scattered and dispersed among the peoples in all the provinces of your kingdom; their laws are different from every people’s, and they do not keep the king’s laws; it is not worthwhile for the king to tolerate them” (Esther 3:8). “Haman said to King Aḥashverosh: There is [yeshno] one people” – the one of whom it is stated: “The Lord is one” (Deuteronomy 6:4); He is asleep [yashen] for His people. The Holy One blessed be He said to him [Haman]: ‘There is no sleep before Me; that is what is written: “Behold, the guardian of Israel neither slumbers nor sleeps” (Psalms 121:4), and you say that there is sleep before Me? By your life, I will awaken from sleep against that man and eliminate him from the world;’ that is what is written: “Then the Lord awoke as if from sleep…He drove his foes into retreat” (Psalms 78:65–66).Another matter: “There is one people” – he [Haman] said: ‘Their teeth are big, as they eat and drink and say: Delight in Shabbat (the Sabbath), delight in the festivals. They cause a decrease in the assets of the world; once every seven days – Shabbat, once every thirty days – the New Moon, in Nisan – Passover, in Sivan – Shavuot (the Festival of Weeks), in Tishrei – Rosh Hashana and the great fast [Yom Kippur (the Day of Atonement)], and the festival of Sukkot (the Festival of Tabernacles).’ Aḥashverosh said to him: ‘So they are commanded in their Torah.’ Haman said to him: ‘Had they observed their holidays and our holidays, they would have done well, but they treat your holidays with contempt. “And they do not follow the king’s laws” – as they observe neither calends nor Saturnalia.’ The Holy One blessed be He said to him: ‘Wicked one, you are casting aspersions on their festivals, I will bring you down before them and they will add another festival over your downfall.’ These are the days of Purim; that is what is written: “A fool’s mouth is ruin for him” (Proverbs 18:7).“It is not worthwhile for the king to tolerate them.” For everything that Haman denounced Israel below, [the angel] Michael would advocate for them above. He said before Him: ‘Master of the universe! Your children are being denounced not because they engaged in idol worship, and not for engaging in licentiousness, and not for bloodshed; rather they are being denounced for observing your laws.’ He said to him: ‘I have not, and I will not forsake them.’ That is what is written: “For the Lord will not forsake His people for the sake of His great name” (I Samuel 12:22). Whether they are guilty or innocent, in any case it is impossible to forsake them, because the world cannot exist without Israel.“If a man were to give all the wealth of his house…” (Song of Songs 8:7) – that is Haman the wicked, who gave ten thousand silver talents to obliterate Israel, “…he would be scorned” (Ibid.).

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Esther Rabbah 7:21Esther Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

The midrash reads a hidden sign of justice into the moment King Ahasuerus hands Israel's fate to its enemy: "The king said to Haman: The silver is given to you, and the people are yours to do with them as you see fit" (Esther 3:11). The sages apply the method of gematria, the counting of the numerical values of Hebrew letters, to uncover a meaning beneath the plain words.

The phrase singles out the word for "the silver," hakesef, the bribe Haman had offered for permission to destroy the Jews. Its letters add up to one hundred and sixty-five: the heh is five, the kaf is twenty, the samekh is sixty, and the peh is eighty. That same total, the sages note, is the numerical value of the word for the gibbet, haetz, the gallows: its heh is five, its ayin is seventy, and its tzadi is ninety, again one hundred and sixty-five. The total of the one is exactly equal to the total of the other. The midrash thereby reveals a measure-for-measure verdict folded into the very transaction. In the same breath that Haman secures his silver to buy the death of a people, the count of the letters already names the gallows on which he himself will hang. The instrument of his triumph and the instrument of his downfall share one number, and the reader sees that his doom was sealed within his own bargain.

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