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Pharaoh Pounded on Moses' Door at Midnight

Kings do not rise before the third hour. This one was out in the dark asking strangers where to find the man he had thrown out of his hall.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The King Went House to House
  2. The Statues and the Dogs
  3. Where Does Moses Live
  4. Are We Thieves
  5. Woe for the Timber He Sold Cheap
Pharaoh Pounded on Moses' Door at Midnight Click for full size

The King Went House to House

It was past midnight when the screaming started. Pharaoh was out of bed at an hour no king keeps. He did not send a runner. He went himself, from his officers' houses to the houses of ordinary Egyptians, standing each household up out of its place to see whether the thing was true on every street.

It was. The cry went up over the whole country, exactly as Moses had promised, and there was not a house without a dead man in it.

His feet, unused to night streets, learned the map of his own country one doorway at a time.

The Statues and the Dogs

Not every house held a firstborn to lose. Those houses lost one anyway. When an Egyptian family buried a firstborn, they carved his likeness and stood it in the room where they ate, and that night every one of those figures was ground down, crushed, and scattered across the floor. Women who had folded away their mourning years earlier woke to a day as hard as the day of the burial.

Egyptians buried their dead inside their own walls. The dogs came in through the burial niches, dug the firstborn out, and dragged them through the rooms, worrying the bodies like meat. Twice in one night a household buried the same son.

Where Does Moses Live

Pharaoh went looking for the man he had thrown out, and he did not know the address. He crossed Egypt asking strangers in the dark. Where does Moses stay. Where does Aaron stay. Somebody finally pointed.

He had once stood in his own hall and told Moses to get out of his sight and never look at his face again. "You have spoken well," Moses had answered. "You have spoken at the right time." Then he had promised that Pharaoh's servants would come down and bow and beg Israel to go. Servants. Moses knew perfectly well who would come first, and he said servants anyway, because a crown is owed something even while it is being broken.

Now the king himself stood at a Hebrew door, pounding on it with his fist.

Are We Thieves

"Rise, go out," Pharaoh said.

Moses and Aaron did not move. "Fool. Do we leave at night?"

"Rise, go out."

"Are we thieves, to slip off in the dark? We go out in the morning, in the open, where the whole country can watch us do it."

"All Egypt is dead," Pharaoh said.

"Then if you want the plague off your back, say it out loud. Say we belong to ourselves. Say we are servants of the Holy One."

So the king of Egypt stood in a doorway before dawn and shouted it into the street. Once you were my slaves. Now you are free men, in your own authority, and the praise you owe belongs to the Holy One, whose servants you are.

Everything he had refused in the throne room he surrendered in one breath. He had demanded to know exactly who was going; take the young and the old. He had ordered the flocks and herds left behind; take the flocks, take the herds. He had refused to hand over animals for offerings; take what you asked for and go. Then came the last of it, the sentence no tyrant should have to say. "And bless me too. Pray for me, so this lifts off me."

Outside, Egyptians shoved at the Israelites all night to hurry them through the gates, crying that they were all dying men. They had expected to lose the firstborn only, so a father of five sons expected to bury one. Whole houses emptied instead. Their wives had gone with other men, and the boys they counted as second and third sons were each some bachelor's firstborn. What those households had done behind closed doors was read out that night in the street.

Woe for the Timber He Sold Cheap

Think of a man with a pile of cut timber he never troubled himself over. He sold the lot for a handful of coins. The buyer carted it away and made chests of it, and cupboards, and a hundred useful things, and the seller walked past the workshop one morning, looked in, and felt his stomach turn over. Woe to that man. Look what he sold.

For generations Israel had stood in Pharaoh's courtyards with clay to the elbow, and not once had he looked at them and seen a nation. Then they walked out. At the edge of the sea they formed up tribe by tribe under their banners, ranked and ordered and unmistakable, and Pharaoh came out and saw what had gone through his hands.

The cry he made then was not for his son.


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From the tradition

Sources

4 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 208:5Yalkut Shimoni on Torah

Translation of the source text.Torat Emet (Yalkut Shimoni) · CC-BY-NC

"And Pharaoh rose at night" (Exodus 12:30). I might understand at the third hour, for it is the way of kings to rise at the third hour; therefore Scripture says "at night." If "at night," I might understand by means of his ministers and ladies; therefore Scripture says "he and all his servants and all Egypt." This tells that Pharaoh went around to all the houses of his servants and all the houses of Egypt and raised up each and every one from his place. "And there was a great cry in Egypt," as in the matter that is said, "And there shall be a great cry" (Exodus 11:6). "For there was no house," and so forth. Rabbi Nathan says: But was there no house there that had no firstborn? Rather, since the firstborn of one of them had died, he would make an image of him and set it up in his house; and on that day it was ground down and crushed and scattered, and that day was as grievous in their eyes as the day they buried him. And not only that, but the Egyptians used to bury within their houses, and the dogs would enter through the burial niches and dig out and bring forth the firstborn from their niches and toy with them, and it was as grievous in their eyes as though on that day they buried them.

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Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 208:8Yalkut Shimoni on Torah

Translation of the source text.Torat Emet (Yalkut Shimoni) · CC-BY-NC

"Rise, go out" (Exodus 12:31). This teaches that Pharaoh was knocking on the door of Moses and Aaron. They said to him, "You fool! Do we go out at night? Are we thieves? We go out in the morning." He said, "But behold, all Egypt has died, as it is said (below, verse 33), 'For they said, We are all dead men.'" They said to him, "And do you wish to end this plague upon you? Then say, 'Behold, you are your own masters, behold, you are the servants of the Holy One, blessed be He.'" Pharaoh began to shout, "In the past you were my servants, but now behold, you are free men, behold, you are your own masters! You must give praise to the Holy One, blessed be He, that you are His servants, as it is said (Psalms 113:1), 'Halleluyah, praise, O servants of the LORD.'"

"You yourself shall also give into our hands" (this is written in [reference] 92). "Rise, go out" (Exodus 12:31): I said, "Who and who are the ones going?" and you say (verse 9), "With our young and with our old" and so forth. "Rise, go out": I said (verse 24), "Let your flocks and your herds be left," and you say, "Our cattle also shall go with us" (verse 32). "Both your flocks and your herds, take." You say (verse 25), "You also shall give into our hands": take, as you have spoken, and go, and bless me also: pray for me, so that the punishment may cease from me.

"And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people" (Exodus 12:33). This tells that they were terrifying them and pressing them to leave. "For they said, We are all dead men." They said: not according to the decree of Moses. Moses said (Exodus 11:5), "And every firstborn shall die," and they supposed that one who has four or five sons, only one of them would die, the firstborn among them. But they did not know that their wives were suspected of forbidden relations, and that they were all firstborn from other bachelors. They had acted in secret, and the Omnipresent publicized them openly. And behold, this is an argument from minor to major [a fortiori]: if in the measure of punishment, which is the lesser, the One who acts in secret the Omnipresent publicizes openly, how much more so for the measure of goodness, which is the greater.

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Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 208:6Yalkut Shimoni on Torah

Translation of the source text.Torat Emet (Yalkut Shimoni) · CC-BY-NC

"And he called for Moses and Aaron at night" (Exodus 12:31). This tells that Pharaoh went around and asked throughout all the land of Egypt, "Where does Moses dwell? Where does Aaron dwell?" "And he said, Rise, go out." Moses said to him: We are warned not to go out except in the open, by day, as it is said, "And you shall not go out, any of you, from the door of his house until morning" (Exodus 12:22). Another interpretation: "And he called for Moses and Aaron," why is it said? Because it says, "And Pharaoh said to him, Get away from me," and so forth, "And Moses said, You have spoken well" (Exodus 10:28-29), meaning, you have spoken rightly, you have spoken in its proper time, "I will not see your face again." But Moses had said, "And all these your servants shall come down to me" (Exodus 11:8). Since Scripture should only have said that in the end Pharaoh himself was destined to come down first, why did Moses speak of the servants? Because Moses gave honor to the kingship. "And the people bowed down and worshiped" (Exodus 12:27), as is written in remez 178.

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Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 225:10Yalkut Shimoni on Torah

Translation of the source text.Torat Emet (Yalkut Shimoni) · CC-BY-NC

Another interpretation: Who cried "Woe"? Pharaoh cried "Woe." To what may the matter be compared? To one who had pieces of cut timber and sold them for a small price. The buyer went and made of them chests and towers and many objects. The seller saw it and said: Woe to that man, what he sold! So with Pharaoh: Israel were enslaved to him with mortar and bricks, and they were not recognized as being a nation. When Israel went out from Egypt and came and were made into banners at the sea, Pharaoh went out and saw them, that they were arrayed in banners, and he began to cry "Woe": "And it came to pass, when Pharaoh let the people go."

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