Parshat Beshalach4 min read

Israel Waded to Their Noses and Called Themselves Dark yet Comely

God detours Israel from the Philistine road. At the sea they enter to their noses, pluck fruit from water walls, and sing as dark yet comely.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. Not by the Philistine Road
  2. Up to Their Noses
  3. I Am Dark but Comely
  4. From Detour to Song
Israel Waded to Their Noses and Called Themselves Dark yet Comely Click for full size

Not by the Philistine Road

God did not lead them by the way of the land of the Philistines, though that was near. Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish offers a hard analogy. A king's son is kidnapped and enslaved. The king rescues him. That is not enough until he enslaves the kidnappers as they enslaved his son. Joy was not complete until He tossed Pharaoh and his army into the sea.

Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi offers another image. A king has twelve sons and only ten estates. He waits until he acquires two more. Heaven knew a straight march would leave the tribes short of space and full of strife. The detour was design.

The long road existed so the sea could finish what the palace had begun, and so the inheritance could be large enough for twelve names without civil war over borders.

Up to Their Noses

Were they already on dry ground when the walls stood, or still in the midst of the sea? The Midrash answers with commitment. They went in until the water reached their noses. Only then did it become dry land under their feet.

Rabbi Nehorai paints a mother with a crying baby. She plucks an apple or a pomegranate from the wall of water and gives it to the child. "He led them through the depths, as through the wilderness." The sea was already a table.

Dry ground was not the starting point. Trust wet to the nostrils was. Miracle answers feet that enter, not feet that wait for a dry path first.

I Am Dark but Comely

Then Moses and the children of Israel sang. The rabbis hear the Song of Songs. "I am black but comely, daughters of Jerusalem." The congregation declares, "I am black in my actions, but comely in the actions of my ancestors."

Black with the failures of Egypt's long night. Comely with the merit of the house that still had names. The tents of Kedar are ugly outside and pleasant within. Israel claims that double surface after the water closes over the chariots.

Do not read only "daughters of Jerusalem." Read also "builders of Jerusalem," the courts that will fortify the city. The song looks past the shoreline to a people who will build what they have been saved to become.

From Detour to Song

The Philistine road would have been faster and emptier of miracles. Heaven chose the longer path that drowned an army and forced a nation into the water before it dried.

When the song rises, it rises from people who went in to their noses, watched an empire sink, and admitted both their stain and their inheritance in one line.

Dark. Beautiful. Wet. Dry. Free. The detour that looked like delay was the only road that could hold all of those words at once.

The near road would have saved time and cost them justice, fruit in the walls, and the honesty of a song that admits darkness while claiming ancestral beauty. Heaven chose the long book of the sea so all of those goods could ride in one crossing.

Nose-deep trust, then dry ground. Empire sunk, then double speech. Detour becomes birth when the Philistine coast is refused and the deep road is taken with a baby still crying for fruit only a miracle wall can give.

Twelve tribes would need space later. One drowned army would need a sea now. One singing nation would need the honesty to say they are both black and comely before the next step toward a land not yet fully measured.


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From the tradition

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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Shemot Rabbah 21:10Shemot Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

The verse in (Exodus 14:22) tells us, "The children of Israel came into the midst of the sea upon dry ground; and the waters were a wall for them to their right, and to their left.” But the Rabbis of the Midrash, ancient Jewish interpretations of the Bible, weren't always content with the simple reading. As we find in Shemot Rabbah 21, they asked a pointed question: if they were in the midst of the sea, why does it say they were on dry ground? And if it was dry ground, why were they in the midst of the sea? A good question. The answer, according to this Midrash, is The sea didn't split until they were really committed. Until they were in up to their noses! Only then, at the very last moment, did it become dry land for them.

The story gets even more vivid. Rabbi Nehorai paints a beautiful picture. He says that an Israelite woman, walking through the parted sea, might have had a crying baby in her arms. And what did she do? She simply reached out and plucked an apple or a pomegranate right from the wall of water to give to her child! The miraculous nature of the event provided them with everything they needed, right there in the moment.

It reminds us of another verse, this one from (Psalms 106:9): “He led them through the depths, as through the wilderness.” The connection here is key. Just as in the wilderness, where God provided manna and water, in the depths of the sea, they lacked nothing. Moses himself says in (Deuteronomy 2:7), “These forty years the Lord your God has been with you; you have lacked nothing.”

The Midrash takes this idea even further. Rabbi Shimon suggests that it wasn’t even necessary to ask for something. If someone merely thought of something in their heart, it would be provided! As (Psalms 78:18) says, “They tried God in their hearts, asking food for their craving.” It's an incredible image of divine generosity and responsiveness.

But here's where it gets really interesting. The Midrash offers an alternative interpretation of "you have lacked nothing." It says that no davar was lacking in the world. Now, davar in Hebrew means "thing," but it can also mean "word." So, what was lacking? Repentance, or teshuvah. As it says in (osea 14:3), “Take words [davar] with you and return to the Lord.”

So, while the Israelites may have lacked no material thing during their miraculous journey, they were perhaps missing something deeper: the willingness to turn back to God with sincere repentance. Even in the midst of miracles, the need for spiritual growth remains.

What are we lacking, even when we seem to have everything?

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Shemot Rabbah 23:10Shemot Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

They found a surprising way to express it.

In Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, we find a fascinating reading of the verse, "Then Moses…sang" (Exodus 15:1). The rabbis link this song to a verse from the Song of Songs (1:5): "I am black but comely, daughters of Jerusalem, like the tents of Kedar, like the curtains of Solomon."

The congregation of Israel, they say, is declaring: "I am black in my actions, but comely in the actions of my ancestors." Isn't that a powerful image? We mess up, we fall short, but we are also heirs to a legacy of beauty and righteousness. It's a reminder that we are complex, flawed beings capable of both great sin and great holiness.

The text then dives into the phrase "daughters of Jerusalem." But wait, it doesn't stop there! Our Rabbis offer a twist: "Do not read 'benot [daughters of] Jerusalem,' but rather, 'bonot [builders of] Jerusalem.'" These builders, they explain, are the Great Sanhedrins (the supreme rabbinic court) – the high courts – of Israel, the ones who "sit and fortify it." Alternatively, Rabbi Yoḥanan suggests that Jerusalem is destined to become a metropolis for all lands, referencing the verse "Ashdod and its environs [benoteha]" (Joshua 15:47) to support this idea. It's like Jerusalem itself has "daughter" cities spreading out around it, growing from its strength.

What about those "tents of Kedar?" What's that all about? The midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) explains that "just as the tents of the Ishmaelites are ugly on the outside and pleasant on the inside, so, too, Torah scholars, even though they appear ugly in this world, on the inside they are full of Bible, Mishna, Talmud, Halakhot, and Aggadot." It's a beautiful metaphor for the hidden depths of wisdom and knowledge that lie within those who dedicate themselves to Torah study. Don't judge a book by its cover. Or, in this case, don't judge a Torah scholar by their appearance!

But here’s the kicker: Ishmaelite tents move from place to place. Does this mean Israel is destined to wander aimlessly? No! The verse continues, "Like the curtains of Solomon [shelomo]." The midrash interprets shelomo as a reference to God, "He who spoke and the world came into being." It's like saying, "like the curtains of Shalom shelo," peace is His. These curtains, once stretched, never moved. This offers a sense of permanence, a grounding that contrasts with the nomadic tents.

And what about cleanliness? Ishmaelite tents, the midrash claims, can’t be laundered. Does that mean Israel is stuck in its imperfections? Again, no! "Like the curtains of Solomon," the text assures us, "just as a garment gets dirty and then becomes clean again, so, Israel, even though they sin, they repent before the Holy One blessed be He." We have the capacity for teshuvah (repentance), for repentance and return.

The passage concludes with a powerful statement: "In the place where I have become black, I have become comely." This is illustrated with examples. They sinned at Ḥorev, provoking God (Deuteronomy 9:8). Yet, at Ḥorev, they also declared, "Everything that the Lord said, we will do and we will obey" (Exodus 24:7). They were defiant at the sea (Psalms 106:7), yet at the sea, they sang a song of praise to God.

It's a reminder that even in our moments of darkness, in our moments of failure, there is the potential for beauty, for redemption, for song. It suggests that our imperfections aren't a fatal flaw, but rather an integral part of our story, a contrast that makes our moments of light all the more brilliant. And maybe, just maybe, that's what it means to be human.

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Shemot Rabbah 20:14Shemot Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

The Torah tells us, "God did not lead them [naḥam]..." (Exodus 13:17). The word naḥam here is key, often translated as "by way of" or "directly." So, what's the story behind this detour?

Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish, a fascinating figure from the Talmud, offers a powerful analogy in Shemot Rabbah. The king, of course, rescues his son. But is that enough? The king declares he won't be satisfied until he enslaves the kidnappers in the same way they enslaved his son. the Israelites were enslaved in Egypt, forced to make mortar and bricks under harsh conditions. God, blessed be He, freed them. But according to Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish, the joy wasn't complete. God wouldn't be appeased, so to speak, until He "dragged them into the sea," as it says in (Psalms 136:15), "He tossed Pharaoh and his army into the sea." The Egyptians had to experience a taste of the suffering they inflicted. It speaks to a deep sense of justice, a need for cosmic balancing.

There's another perspective. Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi presents a different analogy, also found in Shemot Rabbah. This time, imagine a king with twelve sons and only ten estates. Distributing them as is would create conflict and resentment among his sons. So, the king waits. He acquires two more estates, ensuring everyone gets a fair share.

Similarly, God knew that if He brought the Israelites directly into the Land of Israel, there wouldn't be enough territory for all twelve tribes. There would be squabbling, internal strife. So, God delayed their entry. He kept them in the wilderness until they conquered the east bank of the Jordan River. The tribes of Reuben and Gad, and half the tribe of Manasseh, settled there. Only then, with land secured for everyone, did God lead them into the Land.

So, "God did not lead them [naḥam]." Not because of a whim, not because of indecision. But either because justice demanded a reckoning with the oppressors, or because true unity required careful planning and provision for all.

These interpretations, preserved in Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic homilies on the Book of Exodus, give us a glimpse into the complex reasoning behind God's actions. They remind us that even seemingly simple narratives can hold layers of meaning, revealing profound truths about justice, unity, and divine providence. Which interpretation resonates more with you? Does God act out of a sense of retribution, or out of a desire to ensure fairness and harmony? Or perhaps, is it a little of both?

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