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The Fire That Answered the Angels Who Doubted Man

God burned the angels who doubted man, then folded a pure light beneath His Throne for the Messiah and a star to time the end.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Question Put to an Army of Light
  2. The Grievance That Outlived the Fire
  3. The Light Folded Beneath the Throne
  4. The Bargain the Messiah Widened
  5. The Star That Sets the Clock

Before there was an earth to stand on, God lined up an army of light and asked it a question.

The Question Put to an Army of Light

The first company of ministering angels burned with their own brightness, rank on rank, and the Holy One turned to them as a craftsman turns to apprentices. "Is it your desire," He asked, "that we make man?" The angels had read the future the way a scribe reads a finished scroll. They had seen the blood man would spill, the idols he would carve, the lies he would swear. So they answered with a verse, cold and exact. "What is man," they said, "that You are mindful of him?"

God stretched out a single finger among them. Fire ran along the ranks, and the first company was gone, burned to nothing for the crime of doubting that a creature like man was worth the trouble.

A second company stood where the first had been. God asked again, the same question, in the same voice. They gave the same answer. The finger moved again, and the second company burned.

The third company had watched both fires. When God asked whether man should be made, they did not argue the merits. "Master of the world," they said, "the earlier ones who spoke before You, what did they accomplish? The whole world is Yours. Whatever You wish to do in Your world, do." And these were not burned. They had understood what the furnace meant, that the question had never really been a vote.

The Grievance That Outlived the Fire

So man was made, and the angels who survived held their objection in their mouths and said nothing.

But the deeds of those first companies did not die with them. When the generation of the Flood rose, drowning in its own violence, and when the builders of the great tower scattered with their bricks, the surviving angels lifted their old grievance again. "Did not the earlier ones speak well?" they asked. They meant the burned ones. They meant the verdict the fire had silenced but never overturned. God did not strike them this time. "Even to old age I am the same," He said, "and to gray hairs I will carry you." He would carry the thing He had insisted on making, all the way down its long ruin, and He would not let go.

And there was a light He had already set aside for that carrying.

The Light Folded Beneath the Throne

On the first day, before the sun, God had made a light so pure He looked at it and saw that it was good, and then He hid it. He did not scatter it across the firmament. He folded it and stored it beneath His Throne of Glory, kept back for one man not yet born and for the generation that would suffer with him. The Accuser, who walks the floor of heaven looking for cases to bring, noticed the glow under the Throne and could not let it lie. "Master of the world," he said, "the light stored beneath Your Throne of Glory, for whom is it?"

"For the one who is destined to turn you back," God said, "and shame you openly."

"Show him to me."

So God showed him. And the prosecutor of all the world looked once at the face under the Throne and shook. He fell forward onto the floor of heaven. "Surely this is the Messiah," he said, "who is destined to cast me and all the princes of the nations into Gehinnom." The nations heard it and stirred. "Who is this," they demanded, "into whose hand we fall? What is his name?" And the answer came back across heaven. "He is Ephraim, My righteous Messiah."

The Bargain the Messiah Widened

Then God made a condition with the man in the light. The sins of the generation hidden away with him would come like an iron yoke. They would bend his stature, dim his eyes like a calf's, choke the spirit out of him, glue his tongue to the roof of his mouth. "Do you accept this?" God asked.

The Messiah asked one thing first. "Perhaps that suffering will last many years?"

"By your life and by the life of My head," God said, "it is one week that I have decreed upon you. If your soul is grieved, I will drive them away now."

He did not ask to be spared. He asked, instead, that the bargain be widened until it covered everyone. Not only the living of his day, but the dead in the dust. Not only the dead since the Flood, but every soul back to Adam. Not only those, but the stillborn. Not only those, but every person who had ever risen in God's thought to be created and was not. "This I desire," he said. "This I accept upon myself." And God appointed four living creatures to bear the throne of that broken, willing king.

The Star That Sets the Clock

The light would keep until its hour, and the hour would be marked in the sky.

In the last bitter week before the end, the famine deepens year by year, and then a star comes up out of the east. It is the star of the Messiah, and it hangs in the east for fifteen days, and if it lingers longer than that, the lingering is for Israel's good. Voices and rumors fill the sixth year. War fills the seventh. A fierce-faced king rises over a poor and needy people and holds his throne by smooth speech, and he forbids the saying of the words "One is the God of the Hebrews." He cancels the festivals, the Sabbaths, the new moons. He cancels Torah itself, for a time, and times, and half a time.

And the frightened ones ask the old sage, "Master, where shall we be saved?" He answers from the hills. "In Upper Galilee. On Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there shall be escape."

The same light that the angels were burned for doubting is the light that waits under the Throne, and the star is only its first edge, climbing the eastern dark on schedule.


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From the tradition

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Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 12:6Yalkut Shimoni on Torah

Rav Yehudah said in the name of Rav: When the Holy One, blessed be He, wished to create the world, He created one company of ministering angels and said to them: Is it your desire that we make man? They said before Him, "What is man that You are mindful of him?" (Psalms 8:5). He stretched out His finger among them and burned them. So too the second company. The third company said before Him: The earlier ones who spoke before You, what did they accomplish? The whole world is Yours. Whatever You wish to do in Your world, do.

When the generation of the Flood and the generation of the Dispersion arrived, whose deeds were corrupt, they said before Him: Did not the earlier ones speak well? He said to them, "Even to old age I am the same, and to gray hairs I will carry you" (Isaiah 46:4).

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Pesikta Rabbati 36:1Pesikta Rabbati

"Arise, shine, for your light has come, and the glory of the LORD has risen upon you [for behold, darkness shall cover the earth, and thick darkness the peoples; but upon you the LORD will rise, and His glory will be seen upon you]" (Isaiah 60:1-2). This is what was said by the holy spirit through David, king of Israel: "For with You is the fountain of life; in Your light shall we see light" (Psalms 36:10). Concerning whom did David say this verse? He said it only concerning the Assembly of Israel. They said before the Holy One, blessed be He: Master of the world, because of the Torah that You gave me, which is called "the fountain of life," I am destined to delight in Your light in the time to come. What is "in Your light shall we see light"? What light does the Assembly of Israel await? This is the light of the Messiah, as it is said, "And God saw the light, that it was good" (Genesis 1:4). This teaches that the Holy One, blessed be He, foresaw the Messiah and his deeds before the world was created, and [stored it away] for His Messiah, for his generation, beneath His Throne of Glory. The Accuser said before the Holy One, blessed be He: [Master of the world, the light stored beneath Your Throne of Glory, for whom is it? He said to him: For the one who is destined to turn you back and shame you openly. He said to Him:] Master of the world, show him to me. He said to him: Come and see him. When he saw him, he trembled, fell on his face, and said: Surely this is the Messiah who is destined to cast me and all the princes of the nations of the world into Gehinnom, as it is said, "He will swallow up death forever, and the Lord GOD will wipe away tears from every face" (Isaiah 25:8). [At that hour the nations were stirred.] They said before Him: Master of the world, who is this into whose hand we fall? What is his name? What is his nature? The Holy One, blessed be He, said to them: [He is] the Messiah, and his name is Ephraim, My righteous Messiah. He raises his stature and the stature of his generation, gives light to the eyes of Israel, and saves his people; no nation or tongue can stand against him, as it is said, "The enemy shall not exact upon him, nor the son of wickedness afflict him" (Psalms 89:23). All his enemies and adversaries flee, as it is said, "I will beat down his foes before his face" (Psalms 89:24). Even rivers stop in the sea, as it is said, "I will set his hand also in the sea, and his right hand in the rivers" (Psalms 89:26).

The Holy One, blessed be He, began to make a condition with him, saying: These who are stored away with you, their sins are destined to bring you under an iron yoke and make you like this calf whose eyes have grown dim; they will choke your spirit with the yoke, and because of their sins your tongue is destined to cleave to your palate. Do you accept this? The Messiah said before the Holy One, blessed be He: Master of the worlds, perhaps that suffering will last many years? The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him: By your life and by the life of My head, it is one week that I have decreed upon you. If your soul is grieved, I will drive them away now. He said before Him: Master of the worlds, with gladness of my soul and joy of my heart I accept it upon myself, on condition that not one of Israel perish; and that not only the living [be saved] in my days, but also those hidden in the dust; [and not only the dead be saved in my days, but even those dead who died from the days of Adam the first man until now]; and not these alone, but even stillborn children [be saved in my days]; and not these alone be saved in my days, but [everyone] who arose in Your thought to be created and was not created. This I desire; this I accept upon myself. At that hour the Holy One, blessed be He, appointed for him four living creatures who bear the throne of glory of the Messiah. At that hour his enemies and the princes of the kingdoms said: Come, let us accuse the generation of the Messiah so that they will never be created. The Holy One, blessed be He, said to them: How do you accuse that generation? It is precious and beautiful, and I rejoice in it, and I desire it, and I [uphold] it, and I want it, as it is said, "Behold My servant, whom I uphold; [My chosen, in whom My soul delights; I have put My spirit upon him, and so forth]" (Isaiah 42:1). How can you accuse him? Behold, I will destroy all of you, kindlers of fire and lighters of sparks, and not one soul will [I] destroy. Therefore it is said, "For with You is the fountain of life; in Your light shall we see light" (Psalms 36:10). [They said:] In the week in which the son of David comes, they bring beams of iron and place them on his neck until his stature is bent, [and he] cries and weeps, and his voice rises to the height. He says before Him: Master of the world, how much strength will I have? How much spirit will I have? How much soul will I have? What will become of my limbs? Am I not flesh and blood? Concerning that hour David wept and said, "My strength is dried up like a potsherd" (Psalms 22:16). At that hour the Holy One, blessed be He, said to him: Ephraim, My righteous Messiah, you already accepted this upon yourself from the six days of creation. Now your suffering shall be like My suffering, for from the day wicked Nebuchadnezzar came up and destroyed My House, burned My Temple, and exiled My children among the nations of the world, by your life and by the life of My head, I have not entered My throne. And if you do not believe, see the dew that has risen upon My head, as it is said, "For my head is filled with dew, and my locks with the drops of the night" (Song of Songs 5:2). At that hour he said before Him: Master of the world, now my mind is settled. It is enough for the servant to be like his master.

Rabbi Levi said: When the Holy One, blessed be He, said to the Assembly of Israel, "Arise, shine, for your light has come," she said before Him: Master of the world, [stand] You at our head. At that hour the Holy One, blessed be He, said to her: My daughter, [beautifully] you have spoken, as it is said, "[For the oppression of the poor, for the sighing of the needy, now will I arise, says the LORD, and so forth]" (Psalms 12:6). Another interpretation: What is the Assembly of Israel like in this world? Like a lame person who cannot go or come, while the nations of the world taunt them and say to them every day: Where is your God? Why does He not save you? She said [to them]: I have one day when my King is destined [to be revealed] over me, and He will hold me and set me on my feet, as it is said, "[My beloved answered and said to me: Arise, my love, my beautiful one, and go]" (Song of Songs 2:10). Rabbi Yitzhak said: In the year when the King Messiah is revealed, all the kings of the nations of the world provoke one another. The king of Persia provokes the king of Arabia, and the king of Arabia goes to Edom to take counsel from them; then the king of Persia returns and destroys the whole world. All the nations of the world are shaken and terrified, fall on their faces, and pangs seize them like the pangs of a woman in labor. Israel too are shaken and terrified and say: Where shall we go, and where shall we come? He says to them: My children, do not fear. [Everything I have done, I have done only for your sake. Why are you afraid? Do not fear.] The [time] of your redemption has arrived. The final redemption is not like the first redemption, for in the first redemption you had distress and subjection to kingdoms after it, but in the final redemption you will have no distress and no subjection to kingdoms after it. Our Rabbis taught: When the King Messiah is revealed, he comes and stands on the roof of the Temple, [and he] makes an announcement to Israel and says to them: Humble ones, the time of your redemption has arrived. If you do not believe, see [my light] that has shone upon you, as it is said, "Arise, shine, for your light has come, and the glory of the LORD has risen upon you" (Isaiah 60:1). It has shone upon you alone, and not upon the nations of the world, as it is said, "For behold, darkness shall cover the earth, and thick darkness the peoples; but upon you the LORD will rise, and His glory will be seen upon you" (Isaiah 60:2). At that hour the Holy One, blessed be He, makes the light of the King Messiah and of Israel shine brightly, while all the nations of the world are in darkness and gloom. All of them walk by the light of the Messiah and of Israel, as it is said, "And nations shall walk by your light, and kings by the brightness of your rising" (Isaiah 60:3). They come and lick the dust from beneath the feet of the King Messiah, as it is said, "[They shall lick the dust of your feet]" (Isaiah 49:23). They all come and fall on their faces before the Messiah and before Israel, and say to them: We will be servants to you and to Israel. Each and every one of Israel has two thousand eight hundred servants, as it is said, "In those days ten men from all the languages of the nations shall take hold, even take hold of the skirt of a Jew, saying, We will go with you, for we have heard that God is with you" (Zechariah 8:23).

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Otzar Midrashim, Midrashim on The Messiah, Aggadah on The Messiah 3Otzar Midrashim, Midrashim on the Messiah

A star has come forth from Jacob (Parashat Balak). A tanna taught in the name of the sages: in the week when the son of David comes, in the first year there will not be enough food for its need. In the second, half a famine is sent loose. In the third there is a great famine. In the fourth there is neither famine nor satisfaction. In the fifth there is great plenty. A star will rise from the east, and it is the star of the Messiah. It will remain in the east for fifteen days, and if it lasts longer, it is for Israel's good. In the sixth year there will be voices and rumors. In the seventh, wars. At the end of the seventh, expect the Messiah.

The people of the west will grow arrogant. They will come and seize kingship without limit, reach Egypt, and settle all the captivity. In those days a fierce-faced king will rise over a poor and needy people (Daniel 11), and he will hold the kingdom by smooth speech. About that time Isaiah said, "Go, my people, enter into your chambers" (Isaiah 26:20).

The sages said: Rabbi Hiyya commanded his generation, "When you hear that a fierce-faced king has arisen, do not remain there, for he decrees that anyone who says, 'One is the God of the Hebrews,' shall be killed. He says: let us all become one language and one nation. He cancels the appointed seasons, festivals, Sabbaths, and new moons, and he cancels Torah from Israel, as it says, 'He shall think to change times and law, and they shall be given into his hand until a time, times, and half a time' (Daniel 7:25): a time is one year, times are two, and half a time is half a year."

They said to him, "Master, where shall we be saved?" He said to them, "In Upper Galilee," as it says, "On Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there shall be escape" (Joel 3:5), and "On Mount Zion there shall be escape, and it shall be holy" (Obadiah 1:17).

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