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They Cried at Night and the Decrees Fell Silent

The king had banned Torah, circumcision, and Sabbath. Judah ben Shamua asked a matron who hosted the city's great men. Cry at night, she said.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. Brotherhood Between the Houses
  2. The Twenty-Eighth of Adar
  3. The Bow Drawn Like an Enemy
  4. A Year Counted From Fire
  5. The Mouth That Kept Opening

The house was still lit when Judah ben Shamua put his hand on the door.

They Cried at Night and the Decrees Fell Silent Click for full size

Behind him the king's ban filled the street. No study of the Law. No circumcision of sons. Sabbath had to be broken. Judah had not come for a petition in soft daylight. The celebrated men of the city slept and woke in these rooms. A matron ran the house. He asked her what a mouth could still do.

She did not offer a letter. She did not offer a name to whisper in a court.

"Go and cry aloud at night," she said.

Brotherhood Between the Houses

They went out after dark. They cried until the last house on the lane had heard them. Voices rose between walls that had learned to prefer Jewish silence. Judah's throat burned on the first shout. The others followed, raw already, because a quiet plea can be filed and a night cry becomes a civic problem.

"Are we not all brethren? Are we not children of one Father and one mother? Why are we treated differently from every nation and tongue, that you issue such cruel edicts against us?"

Windows opened. A man who liked quiet streets discovered that quiet can cost more than justice. The cry made brotherhood audible to ears that had been willing to legislate it away.

By morning the decrees had fallen silent. The edicts were annulled.

The Twenty-Eighth of Adar

Someone wrote the date before the sore throats healed. The twenty-eighth of Adar became a day of good news, a holiday because a night of public grief had worked. Judah walked the same street in daylight and heard ordinary noise again. A boy carried a book without looking over his shoulder. A father kept Sabbath without counting the cost in the same breath.

The matron, when thanked, only shrugged. She knew how sound travels through the rooms of the powerful.

Children later asked why the date mattered. Adults answered with a street, a ban, and a woman's short counsel. They did not pretend every decree ends that way.

The Bow Drawn Like an Enemy

Other generations did not get a morning of annulment.

Palaces fell. Strongholds cracked. Mourning multiplied in the daughter of Judah. A woman standing in a burned street tasted the line, The Lord was like an enemy (Lamentations 2:5), and felt how thin that word like really was. The bow was still drawn. Heat still ran through the stones. Demolition still came. And still the sentence in her mouth refused to drop the comparison. Not an enemy. Like one.

Israel went out in three strands. Some beyond the Sambatyon, the river that throws stones all week and rests on Sabbath, so a body on the far bank could not come home except on the day travel is forbidden. Some under a cloud that would not lift. Some to Daphne of Antioch, grazing the bare hills.

The almost was a mercy no one could spend. It did not put a roof back. It kept God from becoming a second power of chaos while His own hand tore the house down.

A Year Counted From Fire

In the year one hundred thirteen of the foreign government, which was year four hundred twenty of the Temple and year three thousand six hundred twenty-eight from creation, Vespasian destroyed the House and exiled Israel. Families from the house of David and Judah went as far as Hispania. Fifty-two years after the destruction, Beitar fell.

A father in Hispania told his son the year number that began with fire. He named a hill he had never seen, Arbel, where sons of sages were buried. He named Secanias and Ezekias, still praised while the map belonged to others. The boy asked where home was. The parent answered with a count, a hill, and a date in Adar that had once worked.

Empires traded blows. Persians struck Romans. Leadership continued under foreign years. The calendar of ruin became the calendar of memory.

The Mouth That Kept Opening

Judah's night and the long cry in the burned street were not the same night. One ended in a holiday. The other left a woman holding a word as thin as a blade and as necessary. Judah's grandchildren had to know which night they were standing in, and still open the mouth.

On later twenty-eighths of Adar, someone always began with the matron's counsel and ended with sore throats. Children laughed until they understood the ban had been real. Then they grew quiet. A grandmother tapped the table twice. Once for the night that worked. Once for the nights that still required a mouth open in the dark.

The second tap stayed in the wood. The decrees had fallen once. The mouth still practiced opening after dark.


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From the tradition

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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Ein Yaakov, Rosh Hashanah 1:27Ein Yaakov, Rosh Hashanah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.En Jacob, Agada of the Babylonian Talmud, S. H. Glick (1916-1921) · Public Domain

(23) (Fol. 19) On the twenty-eighth of Adar, the good news came to the Jews that they need no longer abstain from studying the Law, for the king [of Syria had earlier] issued a decree, permitting them neither to study the Law, nor to circumcise their sons, and compelling them to desecrate the Sabbath. What did Juda b. Shamua and his friends do? They went and took counsel of a certain matron, whose house the celebrated people of the city frequented. She said to them: "Go and cry aloud at night." They did as she advised and cried aloud: "Oh, heavens! Are we not all brethren? Are we not all the children of one Father? Are we not aU the children of one mother? Why should we be treated differently from all other nations, and from all other peoples speaking other language, inasmuch as ye issue such cruel edicts against us?" Whereupon the decrees were annulled, and that day was then appointed a holiday.

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Eikhah Rabbah 2:9Eikhah Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

“The Lord was like an enemy. He demolished Israel, demolished all its palaces, destroyed its strongholds. He multiplied mourning and moaning in the daughter of Judah” (Lamentations 2:5).“The Lord was like an enemy.” Rabbi Aivu said: They did not go to extremes vis-à-vis the attribute of justice, and the attribute of justice, too, did not go to extremes in their regard. They did not go to extremes vis-à-vis the attribute of justice, as it is stated: The people were like complainers” (Numbers 11:1). “Complainers” is not written here, but rather, “like complainers.” “The princes of Judah were like those who move boundaries” (Hosea 5:10). “Those who move boundaries” is not written here, but rather, “like those who move boundaries.” “For like a wayward cow [Israel has strayed]” (Hosea 4:16), “For a wayward cow” is not written here, but rather, “like a wayward cow.” The attribute of justice, too, did not go to extremes in their regard. “He drew His bow like an enemy.” “An enemy” is not written here, but rather, “like an enemy.”“He demolished Israel, demolished all its palaces.” Rabbi Berekhya in the name of Rabbi Ḥelbo in the name of Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥman: Israel89The Ten Tribes. was exiled to three places. One was on this side of the Sambatyon River,90A river described as carrying stones in its current, so that it was unpassable, except for on Shabbat (see Bereishit Rabba 11:5). as it is written: “To say to the prisoners: Emerge, to those in darkness: Reveal yourselves” (Isaiah 49:9). One, beyond the Sambatyon River: “They will graze along the ways” (Isaiah 49:9); those upon whom a cloud descended and enveloped them. “And on all the bare hills will be their pasture” (Isaiah 49:9), those who were exiled to Daphne in Antioch.91Some suggest an alternate version of the text, based on the Jerusalem Talmud (Sanhedrin 11:5): Israel was exiled to three places: One beyond the Sambatyon River, one to Daphne in Antioch, and one that the cloud descended and covered them… “To say to the prisoners: Emerge,” this is to those who were exiled beyond the Sambatyon River. “To those in darkness: Reveal yourselves,” these are the ones upon whom the cloud descended and covered them. “They will graze along the ways and on all the bare hills will be their pasture,” these are those who were exiled to Daphne in Antioch (Etz Yosef). “He multiplied mourning and moaning in the daughter of Judah;” [the people were] tormented with afflictions.

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Seder Olam Zutta 9:2Seder Olam Zutta

Translation of the source text.Seder Olam Zuta, Rabbi M. Grossberg. London, 1910 + JewishMythology.com faithful English Beta translation · Public Domain

Agrippa son of King Herod reigned, and after him his son Monobaz reigned. Shemaiah died, and after him Shekhanyah arose; the sages praised him. In the 103rd year of the kingdom of the converts, which was the 420th year from the building of the Temple and the year 3,828 from the creation of the world, Vespasian came and destroyed the Temple. He exiled Israel, and many houses from the house of David and Judah, to Aspamia, which is Spain. That was the 180th year of the Romans who had ruled before the Temple. In the fifty-second year after the destruction of the Temple, Betar was destroyed. In the 166th year after the destruction of the Temple, the Persians came against the Romans. Shekhanyah died, and after him his son Hezekiah arose; the sages praised him. Hezekiah died and was buried in the Land of Israel, at the hill of Arbel that belonged to Joshua son of Seraph the priest, east of the city. His son arose after him, and the sages praised him. When he died, Nathan was left in his mother's womb; he is Nathan de-Tzutzita. Nathan died, and after him his son Rav Huna arose; the sages praised him. Akub died, and after him his son Nahum arose; the sages praised him. Rav Huna, Rav Hanana, Rav Mattana, and Rav Hananel were his sages. Nahum died, and Yohanan arose; the sages praised him. Rav Hananel was his sage. Yohanan died, and after him his son Shefat arose; the sages praised him, and Rav Hananel was his sage. Shefat died, and after him his son Anan arose; the sages praised him, and Rav Shmuel was his sage. Pasa bar Netzer went up and destroyed Nehardea. Rav Huna died and was buried in the Land of Israel beside Rabbi Hiyya the Great. After him his son Nathan arose; the sages praised him. Rav Yehudah bar Yehezkel and Rav Sheshet were his sages. The Persians inherited the kingdom in the year 245 after the destruction of the Temple, and the Persians decreed persecution against the Jews. Nathan died, and after him his son Nehemiah arose; the sages praised him. Rav Shezvi was his sage. Nehemiah died, and after him his son Akaviah arose; the sages praised him. Rava and Rav Adda were his sages. In his days Shapur went up against the Arameans and conquered them. Mar Ukvan de-Tzutzita died and was buried in the Land of Israel. After him Huna, his brother's son, arose; the sages praised him. Abaye, Rabbah, and Rav Yosef bar Hama were his sages. In his days Shapur went up against Nisibis and conquered it. Huna Mar heard of it, and after him his brother Ukva arose; the sages praised him. Rav Hananel was his sage. Ukva died, and after him Abba, his brother's son and son of Mar Ukvan, arose. Rava and Ravina were his sages. In the year 416 after the destruction of the Temple, the world stood without a king. Abba died, and after him his brother Rav Kahana arose. Rav Safra was his sage. Rav Kahana died, and after him his brother Rav Safra arose. Rav Aha of Difti was his sage. Mar Zutra died, and after him his son Kahana arose. Ravina was his sage. Rav Kahana died, and after him Rav Huna Mar his brother arose. Rav Aha of Difti bar Hanilai was his sage. He died, and after him Rav Huna, his father's brother, son of Rav Kahana, arose. Rav Mari and Mar Hanina Rabbah were his sages.

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