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Tzafnat Died in the Slave Market While Doeg Starved in the Siege

Buyers waited for the last cloth. Tzafnat tore it off herself and named her beauty out loud. She was dead on the stones before a bid could land.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. She Tore the Last Garment
  2. A Measure of Gold for a Mouthful
  3. She Hid the Rest Under the Floor
  4. Bar Kamsa Paid for the Whole Feast
  5. The Market Filled After the Fire
Tzafnat Died in the Slave Market While Doeg Starved in the Siege Click for full size

She Tore the Last Garment

The seller had already taken the outer cloths. Buyers stood in a ring. Tzafnat (צפנת), daughter of the high priest, stood on the stones of a slave market after Jerusalem fell, and the incense of her father's house was gone from the air.

He reached for the last garment. She took it out of his hands. For a breath the cloth hung between them, his fingers and hers, the crowd waiting to see what they were buying. She tore it away herself, before he could, and she spoke over every face that had come to price her.

"Behold," she said. "There is no more beautiful woman in the world than I am."

Then she threw herself to the ground and died.

No bid landed. The beauty she had named went with her. The market had a corpse and no purchase.

A Measure of Gold for a Mouthful

Inside the walls, while the siege still held, Doeg ben Yosef walked the street with a full measure of gold in his palm. He had been rich when bread was a thing a man could buy. He lifted the gold so a neighbor could see it. He offered it for a mouthful. The neighbor turned his face away. Another man shook his head. The city had no bread left to sell.

He starved with the gold still in his hands.

The metal did not lighten. It did not feed him. It only weighed his fingers down while his mouth went dry. People stepped around him the way they stepped around rubble.

She Hid the Rest Under the Floor

His wife had been pious in the years before the war in a way that only a full house can be. Each year she weighed her infant son on a scale and brought that weight in gold as an offering to the Temple. The child's body was the measure. The gold was the gift. Priests took it. The boy grew. The scale became a family joke, then a family pride.

In the siege the Temple was burning. Food was gone. She took the same son, the boy she had weighed against gold, and in the hunger she cooked him and ate. Then she heard people in the street and hid what was left under the floor.

They found her. They asked what she had done.

"I saved half for you," she said.

Bar Kamsa Paid for the Whole Feast

Years earlier a man sent an invitation to his friend Kamsa. The servant carried it to Bar Kamsa, who was the host's enemy, by a slip of a name. At the feast the host saw him at the table and told him to leave.

Bar Kamsa stood. He offered to pay for his place. The host refused. He offered to pay for half the feast. Refused. He offered to pay for the entire feast rather than be put out in front of the room. The host had him thrown into the street anyway. The guests watched. No one rose to stop it.

Bar Kamsa went to the emperor. He said the Jews had rebelled. As proof, he said they would refuse a Roman offering sent to the Temple. A lamb went up toward Jerusalem. On the road Bar Kamsa made a small blemish in it, nothing Rome would notice, enough to make the animal unfit for the altar.

The priests wanted to offer it for the sake of peace. Zechariah ben Avkulas stopped them. The law, he said, does not bend for an emperor's lamb. The refusal went back as confirmation. Legions followed.

The Market Filled After the Fire

The siege lasted years. Three rich men in the city, Nakdimon ben Gurion, Ben Kalba Savua, and Ben Tzitzit HaKeset, had stores that could have fed Jerusalem. The stores did not reach the hungry in time. The Temple burned. Families starved. Daughters of priests were walked to the markets.

Tzafnat's father had served at the incense. Doeg's gold had been a measure of a living child. Bar Kamsa's shame had been a seat at a table. The city paid all three debts at once.

On the block she had one move left that a buyer could not complete. She named herself. She fell. The last garment lay beside her, and no one owned what she had been.


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From the tradition

Sources

3 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Gaster, Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 60The Exempla of the Rabbis (1924)

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Exempla of the Rabbis, Moses Gaster (1924) · PD-US-pre-1929

Her name was Tzafnat, daughter of Peniel, and her father had been high priest of Israel. She had grown up in the holiest household in the land, with the aroma of incense in her clothes and the gold of the breastplate flashing across the breakfast table.

Then Jerusalem fell. In 70 CE the Temple burned, the priests were killed or scattered, and their daughters were herded onto the slave markets of the Roman world, where women of noble blood fetched the highest price.

Tzafnat was put up for sale. The auctioneer began stripping her in the public square so that buyers could inspect the merchandise. Piece by piece, her clothing came off. When he reached for the last garment, she tore it off herself before he could touch her and stood fully exposed before the crowd. Then she spoke.

Behold, she said, there is no more beautiful woman in the world than I am.

It is an unbearable line, and the rabbis preserved it precisely because it is unbearable. They wanted the horror on the page. She was not boasting. She was taking the last scrap of power left to her, the power of naming what was being done, out of the auctioneer's mouth and into her own. The crowd had come to gaze; she made them witnesses.

This brief, devastating story in The Exempla of the Rabbis (Gaster, 1924) is a relic of what the destruction of the Second Temple actually did to families. The high priest's daughter ended up naked in a Roman market, and she refused to let the world look at her in silence.

Full source
Gaster, Exempla of the Rabbis No. 69 (1924); cf. Yoma 38bThe Exempla of the Rabbis (1924)

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Exempla of the Rabbis, Moses Gaster (1924) · PD-US-pre-1929

When the Roman siege tightened around Jerusalem in 70 CE, wealth stopped meaning anything. Doeg ben Yosef was a rich man, and in the final weeks of the siege he stood in the streets offering a full measure of gold for a mouthful of bread. No one sold.

He starved to death with his gold still in his hands.

His wife's story is darker. She had been pious in the years before the war, each year, she weighed her infant son on a scale and brought that weight in gold as a yearly offering to the Temple. The Temple had loved her and fed on her devotion.

In the siege, the Temple was burning. Food was gone. The infant she had weighed in gold year after year became the only meat she could find. She ate her own child.

Gaster's Exempla (No. 69, 1924) preserves the story as a warning about what happens when a city falls. (Lamentations 4:10) had already whispered it: The hands of merciful women have cooked their own children. The Churban, the destruction, was not only the collapse of walls. It was the collapse of every boundary a mother had believed she would never cross.

The sages told the story so that no generation would forget what siege actually costs. It is a warning and a grief folded into a single paragraph.

Full source
Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 70Exempla of the Rabbis (Gaster, 1924)

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Exempla of the Rabbis, Moses Gaster (1924) · Public Domain

The story of Kamsa and bar Kam§a and the fall of Jerusalem. A man had company and had invited Bar Kamsa who was his enemy, by mistake. He afterwards turned him out in spite of his offer to pay all the expenses of the feast rather than be put to shame. Then Bar Kamsa went and denounced the Jews to the Emperor as having rebelled and as proof he asserted that they would refuse to accept an offering sent to the Temple. A lamb was sent which he mutilated on the way, in a manner not offensive to the Roman sacrificial laws but contrary to those of the Jews. For the sake of peace the Jews were inclined to offer it up, but Zachariah b. Abqulos prevented it as being contrary to the law. Le-

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gions of Romans came to Jerusalem. The General shot arrows at the the corners and they all fell into Jerusalem. Asking a boy to say his verse the boy repeated the verse Ezek. 25. 14. This so impressed him that he became frightened and resigned the command, turned Jew, and became the progenitor of R. Heir. Then was Aspasianos sent, and the siege lasted for years. There were three rich men in Jerusalem: Nakdimon b. Gorion, Ben Kalba-Sabua, and Ben Sisith Hakaset who would have been able to provide Jerusalem with food during the whole siege but that the revolutionary party burned their stores in order that they might fight to the bitter end. The famine increased terribly and the people died in the streets. Then R. Johanan Ben Zakkai was smuggled by a ruse out of the town. Johanan went to the General who received him harshly. Johanan greeted him as Emperor. Soon afterwards the message of his election came. He was just then putting on his sandals, but he could not get the one on the second foot and he asked R. Johanan the reason, who said the good news had so elated him that his body had swollen up; let an enemy come before him and the foot would soon shrink to its normal size. The Emperor asked him why he had not come before. He replied that the rebels would not allow him to. Then he was asked: “If a snake is wrapped around a cask of honey, • do you not break the cask?" But he did not know the answer which should have been: “One takes pincers and lifts the snake away and so frees the cask without breaking it." The Emperor asked him what favour he could shew him and he merely asked to be allowed to settle in Yabne and that R. Sadok be cured, who had fasted 40 years to avert the destruction of Jerusalem and become a skeleton in consequence. This was granted him. Then was sent Titus the Wicked. He went blasphemously into the Temple and committed an immoral act on the scroll of the Law; then he took a sword and pierced the curtain in the middle of the Temple and by a miracle drops of blood oozed out. He said, “Now I have killed their God." When he re-

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turned with all the spoil of the Temple a storm arose on the high seas and he said, “The power of their God is only in the waters. He has drowned Pharaoh and Sisera and now He wants to drown me. Let Him come and fight me on dry land/' And a voice came and said, “O thou wicked one! any one of my small creatures will suffice to war against thee." When he landed an insect got into his nostrils and from there to his brain and it gnawed for seven years. One day he passed a smith and the noise of the hammer silenced the insect. Then he called smiths who had continually to hammer; when the smith happened to be a heathen he paid him 400 Zuzim but when it was a Jew he said to him, “It is enough for thee to see the vengeance on your enemy," and paid him nothing. After a time the insect got accustomed to the noise of the hammers and there was no longer any relief. On his death he ordered his body to be burned and the ashes to be strewn over seven seas so that the God of the Jews should not be able to find him.

Full source