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Nimrod Built the Furnace and Abram Walked Out Alive

Nimrod lit a furnace in Casdim and nine hundred thousand came to watch Abram burn. The grasshopper climbed the trellis. Then it fell.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The King Who Doubled Down
  2. The Voice in the Crowd of Idols
  3. The Furnace at Casdim
  4. The Man Who Walked Out
  5. The Grasshopper on the Trellis

The brick was still warm in his hand when Nimrod looked out over the plain of Shinar and decided the land would carry his memory the way a slave carries a brand. He named the cities as he built them. Babel, because here the speech of the whole earth had been thrown into confusion and scattered (Genesis 11:9). Erech, because from this place the people had been driven apart. Eched, a stone for a battle he had won. And Calnah, where his own princes and mighty men had been consumed when they turned against heaven. He read the names like a man reading a ledger of grudges. Each one said the same thing in a different mouth. Power had reached up, and power had been knocked back down. So he reached again.

The King Who Doubled Down

The confounding of the tower should have been an ending. For Nimrod it was a dare. He settled in Babel among the ruins of the failed climb, and instead of fear he felt insult, and instead of insult he felt resolve. He gathered builders, he gathered hunters, he gathered the strength of men into his own fist. The plain filled with kilns and the air went thick with the smell of fired clay. He had buried his rebels in the very name of a city and he walked past that name every morning without flinching. A man can teach himself not to feel the warning carved into his own walls.

And he was, for a while, the mightiest hunter the earth had seen, the first to organize human power into something that could be aimed. He aimed it at the sky. He aimed it at anyone below who would not bow to the things he set up to be worshiped. For years no one beneath him spoke against it. Then a man did.

The Voice in the Crowd of Idols

His name was Abram, and he stood in the streets of the kingdom and said the idols were nothing, that the maker of heaven and earth could not be poured into a mold and sold in a stall. The words traveled fast because words like that always do. They reached the king on his seat, and the king did what kings do with a voice he cannot answer. He silenced it. Abram was taken and thrown into prison and given ten days to consider whether his god was worth his skin.

Ten days passed. Abram came out of the dark saying exactly what he had said going in. Nothing had been frightened out of him. So Nimrod called his council, the kings and the princes and the governors and the sages who lived off his favor, and he put the matter to them plainly. What do we do with this man who curses me and disrespects the gods? The room did not hesitate. Burn him.

The Furnace at Casdim

They built it in Casdim, a furnace large enough to be seen from far off, fed until the brick of its mouth glowed and the heat bent the air above it. This was not a quiet execution in a back room. This was theater, and Nimrod meant the whole world to be the audience. Nine hundred thousand people came. They pressed against each other on the plain, and when there was no more room on the ground the women and the children climbed onto the rooftops and craned their necks for a clear view of the man who would burn. Fear and spectacle braided together into one held breath. The king stood where the king could be seen standing.

Then his own conjurors went pale. They knew that face. Fifty years before, they had watched a star rise at the birth of a certain child and swallow four other stars whole, and they had carried the warning to the throne and been ignored. Now the warning was walking toward the fire on its own two feet. They cried out that this was the child, grown. The king heard them and did not stop the fire. He had come too far past his own walls to turn around.

The Man Who Walked Out

Abram went in. The crowd watched the mouth of the furnace the way nine hundred thousand people watch a thing they have decided is already over. The heat that should have unmade him did not touch him. And then he came out, walking, alive, the same man who had gone in, the way he had come out of the prison the same man who had gone in. The empire had reached up with all of its organized strength to erase one voice that would not bow, and it had failed at the one thing it had built itself to do. Not beaten in war. Not toppled by rivals. Simply unable to accomplish the single act it had staked its name on.

The Grasshopper on the Trellis

Long after, a king named David looked back across all of it and opened a song with a question that was not really a question. Why are the nations in an uproar (Psalm 2:1). He was not confused. He had watched the pattern run its course too many times to be confused. The one who sits above the circle of the earth (Isaiah 40:22) looks down on the wicked the way a man looks at grasshoppers set climbing on a garden trellis, racing each other higher and higher up the slats, certain that the top is a throne. The trellis ends. The grasshopper has nowhere left to climb. It falls because the thing it climbed was never built to hold it.

Nimrod was only the first to learn it. After him came Esau, then Pharaoh, then Haman, and at the end of days, Gog and Magog. Each one studied the failures of the one before and was certain he had found the flaw, the smarter plan, the council that would not slip. Each one looked at a people he meant to destroy and saw a single guarded warrior he had only to cut down first. Each one convened his advisors, lit his furnace, gathered his crowd. And each one climbed the trellis higher than the last, sure he had outrun the fall, until the slats ran out under his feet.


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Midrash Tehillim 2:2Midrash Tehillim

The ancient sages did. And in Midrash Tehillim, a collection of rabbinic interpretations of the Book of Psalms, they confront this very question, particularly in relation to the second Psalm: "Why are the nations in an uproar?" (Psalm 2:1). It’s a question that echoes through the ages, as relevant today as it was millennia ago.

One explanation offered is rooted in the fleeting nature of wickedness. The verse in (Isaiah 40:22) speaks of God, "He who sits above the circle of the earth." The Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) then asks, why do the wicked resemble grasshoppers placed on a trellis, climbing high only to inevitably fall? Because, ultimately, that's the fate of wickedness itself. It might rise temporarily, but its foundation is unstable, its ascent unsustainable.

Rabbi Yehuda bar Nachmani points to the generation of the Flood, saying that even after such a cataclysmic event, later generations failed to learn from the mistakes of the past. And in the future, Gog and Magog, those archetypal symbols of ultimate evil, will similarly rise and fall. David, seeing this pattern throughout history, cries out, "Why are the nations in an uproar?"

Another fascinating interpretation uses the image of the sea. the sea's waves swell, powerful and threatening, seeming poised to engulf everything. But when they reach the shore, they break, their force dissipated against the sand. Similarly, the Midrash suggests, all those who unite to harm Israel will ultimately fall.

This is why, according to the Midrash, Israel is compared to the sea's sand, numerous and enduring, as (Hosea 2:1) states: "The number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea." The nations, on the other hand, are likened to the turbulent sea itself, constantly churning and restless, as (Isaiah 57:20) describes: "But the wicked are like the tossing sea, For it cannot be still, And its waters toss up mire and mud."

Throughout the Torah, we see examples of this pattern: Nimrod and his comrades fell before Abraham, as (Genesis 14:15) recounts: "And he divided himself against them by night." Abimelech fell before Isaac, Esau before Jacob, Pharaoh and Egypt before Israel. And even in the messianic future, Gog and Magog are destined to fall before Israel. This cycle, seen by David, prompts his timeless lament: "Why are the nations in an uproar?"

Rabbi Yitzchak offers a slightly different, but equally insightful perspective. He notes that even a simple question can provoke anger. Yet, the righteous can question God without punishment. Why? Because, the Midrash explains, their questioning stems not from selfish desires, but from a concern for the well-being of Israel. They seek understanding, not personal gain.

Rabbi Ibbo adds a final thought: all the agitation and toil of the wicked is ultimately in vain, echoing (Jeremiah 51:58): "The peoples have labored for what is futile." Israel, however, does not toil in vain, nor do they bring forth anxiety. Their efforts, rooted in righteousness and connection to the Divine, have lasting value.

So, what does all this mean for us today? Perhaps it's a reminder that the chaos we see in the world is not new. It’s a recurring pattern, a cycle of rise and fall. It's a call to focus on what truly matters: righteousness, compassion, and a commitment to building a better world, a world where the nations are not in an uproar, but at peace. And maybe, just maybe, if we focus on building that kind of world, we can help break the cycle.

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Jasher 11Book of Jasher

What about the generations that followed? What were they up to? The Book of Jasher, an ancient text referenced in the Bible itself (Joshua 10:13 and (2 Samuel 1:1)8), offers some fascinating, and sometimes startling, answers.

The story picks up with Nimrod, that mighty hunter we meet in Genesis. According to Jasher, Nimrod wasn't just hunting animals. He was building an empire. He constructs cities in the land of Shinar (that's Mesopotamia, modern-day Iraq). And get this: the names of the cities themselves are a commentary on the Tower of Babel incident!

First, there's Babel, of course, named "because the Lord there confounded the language of the whole earth." Then Erech, because from there God dispersed the people. Eched, a memorial to a great battle. And finally, Calnah, where Nimrod's princes and mighty men were "consumed" because they rebelled against God. Ouch.

Nimrod settles in Babel and, despite the whole tower debacle, doubles down on wickedness. He's even given a new name, Amraphel, because "at the tower his princes and men fell through his means." His son, Mardon, is even worse! The verse reads, "From the wicked goeth forth wickedness." It's a harsh assessment, but it sets the stage for what's to come.

We also hear about a war between the families of Ham, one of Noah's sons. Chedorlaomer, king of Elam, subdues five cities and makes them pay tribute for twelve years. This detail might sound random, but it actually connects to a later biblical narrative involving Abraham and his rescue of Lot (Genesis 14).

But the real heart of this chapter centers on a young Abram. We learn that in the fiftieth year of his life, Abram leaves Noah's house and returns to his father Terah. And here's where things get really interesting. Abram, already knowing the Lord, is appalled by the idolatry he finds in his father's home. Terah, you see, is not just a regular guy. He’s "captain of the host of king Nimrod," and he's deeply involved in serving "strange gods."

The text paints a vivid picture: twelve gods standing in their temples. Abram, filled with righteous anger, vows to destroy them. And he doesn't waste any time.

He confronts his father, asking about the Creator. Terah proudly presents his idols. Abram pretends to be interested in making offerings, even tricking his mother into preparing savory meat for the idols. But of course, the idols do nothing. They can't eat, they can't speak, they can't even move.

Then, the pivotal moment: Abram is "clothed with the spirit of God." He denounces the idols and, in a dramatic act of defiance, he grabs a hatchet and smashes them all! He then cleverly places the hatchet in the hand of the largest idol, setting the stage for a hilarious (and tense) confrontation with his father.

Terah, understandably furious, confronts Abram. Abram, with remarkable audacity, claims the largest idol destroyed the others in a fit of jealousy. Terah, of course, doesn't buy it. "Are they not wood and stone, and have I not myself made them?" he demands.

Abram then turns the question back on his father: "And how canst thou then serve these idols in whom there is no power to do anything? Can those idols in which thou trustest deliver thee?"

The argument escalates, culminating in Abram snatching the hatchet and running away. Terah, enraged, runs to Nimrod, demanding justice.

The scene shifts to a royal court. Nimrod, surrounded by his princes, interrogates Abram. Abram repeats his story about the large idol. When Nimrod scoffs, Abram turns his fire on the king himself, condemning his idolatry and warning him of divine judgment, even referencing the Flood as a consequence of similar wickedness.

Abram concludes with a powerful call to repentance: "Now therefore put away this evil deed which thou doest, and serve the God of the universe, as thy soul is in his hands, and then it will be well with thee." And if not? "Then wilt thou die in shame in the latter days."

The chapter ends with Abram lifting his eyes to heaven, declaring that the Lord sees all the wicked and will judge them. It's a powerful image of faith and defiance in the face of overwhelming opposition.

So, what do we take away from this? The story of Abram's iconoclasm, his smashing of idols, isn't just a tale of youthful rebellion. It’s a foundational narrative about challenging false gods, about speaking truth to power, and about choosing faith over conformity. It sets the stage for the entire Abrahamic tradition, reminding us that sometimes, the most faithful thing we can do is to break the idols in our own lives and in the world around us. And that takes courage, doesn’t it?

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Jasher 12Book of Jasher

After Abram's bold declaration against idol worship (in the previous chapter), King Nimrod isn't too pleased. According to the Book of Jasher, Nimrod had Abram thrown into prison for ten days to think it over. But Abram doesn't back down.

So, Nimrod gathers his advisors – kings, princes, governors, sages – for a consultation. "What should we do with this guy, Abram, who's bad-mouthing me and disrespecting our gods?" he asks. The consensus? Burning him alive seems like a reasonable response.

So, a giant furnace is prepared in Casdim. Imagine the scene: nine hundred thousand people gathering to watch Abram burn. The women and children are on rooftops, craning their necks for a better view. It's a spectacle of fear and power.

Then, something unexpected happens. The king's conjurors recognize Abram. "Wait a minute!" they cry. "Isn't this the kid whose birth fifty years ago was marked by a star swallowing four other stars? We warned you about him then!"

This revelation throws Nimrod into a rage, and he turns on Terah, Abram’s father. Nimrod accuses Terah of deceiving him years ago by swapping out the infant Abram with another baby to avoid the decree to kill children thought to be a threat to the throne. Terrified, Terah implicates his eldest son, Haran, claiming he was the one who advised the switch.

Now, Haran finds himself in a precarious position. That Haran was conflicted, saying in his heart, "If Abram prevails, I'll follow him. If the king prevails, I'll go after the king." Talk about hedging your bets!

So, both Abram and Haran are thrown into the blazing furnace. But here's where the miraculous happens. The Book of Jasher tells us that God loved Abram and delivered him from the fire. The cords binding him burn away, and Abram walks unharmed amidst the flames.

Haran, however, doesn't fare so well. Because "his heart was not perfect with the Lord," he's consumed by the fire. The men who threw them in also get a taste of the flames – twelve of them perish.

For three days and three nights, Abram wanders in the fire, untouched. The king's servants are astonished. Nimrod himself is bewildered. He orders Abram to come out of the fire, and Abram emerges unscathed.

"How is it that you weren't burned?" Nimrod asks.

Abram replies, "The God of heaven and earth, in whom I trust, delivered me."

Witnessing this miracle, the people, including Nimrod, bow down to Abram. But Abram quickly redirects their worship. "Don't bow down to me," he says. "Bow down to the God of the world who made you!"

Nimrod, astounded, showers Abram with gifts, including two head servants, Oni and Eliezer. And many of Nimrod's servants join Abram's growing following.

Abram returns home, continuing to serve God and teaching others to do the same. That Nahor and Abram marry their nieces. Nahor marries Milca, and Abram marries Sarai, who is barren.

Two years later, Nimrod has a disturbing dream. He sees Abram emerging from the furnace with a sword, attacking him. An egg falls on his head, turning into a river that drowns his troops. Then, the river turns back into an egg, and a bird emerges, plucking out Nimrod's eye.

The king's wise servant, Anuki, interprets the dream as a prophecy of Abram's future conflict with Nimrod and his eventual downfall. Anuki urges Nimrod to kill Abram to prevent this prophecy from coming true.

Nimrod, convinced, sends servants to assassinate Abram. But Eliezer, now Abram's loyal servant, overhears the plot and warns Abram, who flees to the house of Noah and his son Shem for safety.

Hidden away, Abram convinces his father, Terah, to leave Nimrod's kingdom and journey to the land of Canaan, away from Nimrod's reach. Terah listens to Abram's words, marking a turning point in their relationship.

What a story. It's a tale of faith, defiance, and divine intervention. But it also raises some interesting questions. How much of our lives is predetermined? Do we have the power to change our destiny, or are we simply playing out a script written long ago? And what does it mean to have "a perfect heart" with God, as the text says of Haran? It’s worth pondering, isn't it?

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Midrash Tehillim 2:4Midrash Tehillim

In fact, it's a theme that echoes through Jewish tradition, especially when we

The Midrash Tehillim, a collection of homiletical teachings on the Book of Psalms, paints a vivid picture. It starts with an analogy: Imagine a powerful warrior protecting a country. Invaders arrive, and they realize the only way to conquer the land is to eliminate the warrior first.

That's the setup. But who is this warrior, and who are the invaders?

The Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) goes on to describe a series of historical villains, Esau, Pharaoh, Haman, and ultimately, Gog and Magog, each of whom thought they had a foolproof plan to destroy the Jewish people. They believed they could outsmart history, but they all failed.

Rabbi Berachiah, citing Rabbi Levi, says that these wicked individuals create councils against Israel, each convinced their plan is superior. As we find in the Midrash Tehillim, each villain thought they were smarter than the last. Esau, for example, supposedly criticized Cain for killing Abel before their father could have more children. Pharaoh thought he was being clever by ordering the death of male babies, preventing future generations. Haman, in turn, felt he was outsmarting Pharaoh by plotting total annihilation.

But here's the kicker: all these villains underestimated the power of God, the protector of Israel. As the Midrash points out, they didn't realize that the Jewish people have a "patron in heaven."

The story then shifts to Gog and Magog, the ultimate antagonists in Jewish eschatology – the study of the end times. They believe they will succeed where others failed. Their strategy? To unite with God's power first, and then turn against Israel. They aim to co-opt the divine power they perceive as the source of Israel's strength. "First I unite with my patron, and then I return to Israel."

This is where the Midrash quotes, "On Hashem and His Messiah." (Psalm 2:2). But the Holy One, blessed be He, has a surprise for them. God responds with a powerful declaration: "Gog and Magog, how many troops do I have before me, and how many lightning bolts, thunders, and flames? I will go with you to war!" In other words, God will unleash His full power against them.

The passage then quotes (Isaiah 42:13): "Hashem will go forth as a mighty man, he shall stir up jealousy like a man of war: he shall cry, yea, roar; he shall prevail against his enemies." God isn't just a passive observer; He's an active warrior, ready to defend His people.

The Midrash concludes with a verse from (Zechariah 14:9): "And Hashem shall be king over all the earth." This is the ultimate message of hope: even in the face of overwhelming odds, God's power and sovereignty will prevail.

So, what can we take away from this ancient teaching? Perhaps it's a reminder that those who plot against good ultimately fail because they underestimate the power of something greater than themselves. Perhaps it's an assurance that even in the darkest of times, we are not alone. Perhaps it's a call to recognize the Divine presence in our lives and to trust in the ultimate triumph of justice and peace.

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