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Samael Accuses Israel at the Sea and God Throws Him Job

Trapped between Pharaoh's chariots and the sea, Israel faced a second hunter in heaven: Samael the accuser, whom God quieted by throwing him Job.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Hunter No One on the Shore Could See
  2. The Accusation That Happened to Be True
  3. The Shepherd and the Wolf at the Stream
  4. The Ram God Threw
  5. The Sea That Opened While the Court Was Distracted

The dust came first. A brown wall of it, rolling low across the reeds, and inside the dust the iron sound of wheels. Six hundred chariots, and behind them all the chariots of Egypt, and the horses screaming, and the whips. The people of Israel stood with their backs to the water and felt the ground shaking under their bare feet, and they began to wail.

In front of them lay the sea, gray and heaving, deep enough to swallow a nation. Behind them came Pharaoh, and the men around him remembered every furnace they had stoked and every brick they had laid. There was nowhere to run. To the left, marsh. To the right, marsh. The trap had been sprung with a craftsman's care.

The Hunter No One on the Shore Could See

What the people could not see was that the trap had two jaws, and only one of them was made of horses and bronze. The other jaw was in heaven, and it was already closing.

There a figure stood before the throne with a ledger in his memory, and his name was Samael. He was no rebel. He had never lifted a hand against the One who made him. He was the accuser, and accusing was his whole craft, the office he had been given: to stand in the high court and say aloud what mercy would rather forget. He watched the terrified crowd at the water's edge the way a hungry thing watches a flock, and he leaned toward the throne, and he opened his case.

The Accusation That Happened to Be True

"You mean to split the sea for these," Samael said. His voice was not a snarl. It was the dry, patient voice of someone who has the documents. "Look at them. In Egypt they bowed to Egypt's gods. They burned what the Egyptians burned and bowed where the Egyptians bowed. They defiled themselves with idols and did not cast away the abominations of their eyes" (Ezekiel 20:8). "Idolaters. And now You will tear open the deep so idolaters can walk through dry?"

The terrible thing about the charge was that none of it was a lie. Samael invented nothing. He had no need to. Slaves ground down through generations had bent the knee to the things their masters worshipped, and the memory of it hung on them still like the smell of the brick-pits. The accuser was not slandering Israel. He was reading the record, and the record was real, and at that exact moment the chariots were perhaps four bowshots from the rear of the camp.

The Shepherd and the Wolf at the Stream

God did not argue the case. There was no time to argue, and arguing was not what the moment required.

Picture instead a shepherd who must bring his flock across a stream that runs fast and cold. The sheep are bunched and bleating on the near bank, and on that same bank, low to the ground, a wolf is watching. The wolf is patient. The wolf knows that a crossing flock is a scattered flock, and a scattered flock loses its slowest first. If the shepherd simply drives the sheep into the water, the wolf will take the stragglers one by one while the man's back is turned.

So the wise shepherd does not fight the wolf and does not ignore the wolf. He reaches into the flock and pulls out a single strong ram, a big-horned animal worth ten thin ewes, and he throws it to the wolf. He hands over the ram so the wolf will be busy with its jaws full while the rest of the flock crosses safe.

The Ram God Threw

This is what God did with the accuser at the sea. Samael wanted a victim. Samael wanted his teeth in something. So God gave him one. Not Israel. God reached into the great flock of the righteous and drew out a single magnificent ram, a man upright and whole and turned away from every evil, and He threw that man to the accuser.

The man was Job. "Have you considered him," God said, in effect, the way a man offers a wolf the fattest animal in the pen. "There is none like him on the earth, a blameless and upright man, one who fears God and turns away from evil" (Job 1:8). Here was prey worth the accuser's whole attention, a soul so clean that breaking it would be a victory worth boasting of in the high court forever.

Samael turned. Of course he turned. The hunter cannot help himself when a finer quarry is set in front of him, and he forgot the muddy crowd at the water to fasten instead on this one shining life. The ledger against Israel lay open and unread on the floor of heaven while the accuser sharpened himself for Job, and Job, who had done nothing, would pay in boils and ash and dead children for a crossing he never saw (Job 1, Job 2).

The Sea That Opened While the Court Was Distracted

On the shore the wind came. It came from the east and it came hard, hard enough to lean a man over, hard enough to peel the sea back from its own bed. The water did not part gently. It stood, two green walls glistening and shot through with fish, and between them ran a corridor of wet sand going down into the dark and up the far side.

Israel walked. The slowest and the most frightened and the ones who had bowed to idols in Egypt, all of them, walked between the standing walls while the prosecutor's seat in heaven was empty, his attention bought and spent on another man's suffering. By the time the accuser might have remembered the flock at the water, the flock was across, and the chariots were sinking, and the case was moot.

The wolf got his ram. The flock got the far bank. And no one standing on the wet sand ever knew the price that had been paid above their heads to keep the accuser's mouth full while they crossed.


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From the tradition

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The texts this telling draws on, in full. Open a card to read inline, or expand it for a wider, quieter read.

Legends of the Jews 1:23Legends of the Jews

Take the story of the Exodus, the moment when the Israelites were fleeing Egypt. They’re trapped between Pharaoh’s army and the raging sea. A miracle is needed. But according to Legends of the Jews, as retold by Rabbi Louis Ginzberg, there was another threat at play: Samael (the angel of death).

Samael isn't exactly an independent rebel. Think of him more like a celestial prosecutor, an adversary. According to tradition, he's been lodging accusations against Israel ever since they left Egypt. He's constantly pointing out their flaws, their past idolatry. "Look at them, God," he's saying, "are these really the people worthy of your miracles?"

Ginzberg paints a vivid picture: God, facing Samael's relentless accusations, acts like a seasoned shepherd. Imagine the scene: a flock needs to cross a rushing stream, but a hungry wolf is eyeing them, ready to strike. What does the shepherd do? He throws the wolf a strong ram – a distraction. While the wolf is busy with the ram, the rest of the flock crosses to safety. Then, the shepherd returns and rescues the ram.

That’s what God does, metaphorically. Samael, ever the critic, challenges God: "These Israelites? You’re going to split the sea for them? They were just worshipping idols!"

So, what does God do? He offers up… Job. "While he busies himself with Job," God says, "Israel will pass through the sea unscathed, and as soon as they are in safety, I will rescue Job from the hands of Samael." Job, the epitome of righteousness, becomes the distraction, the "ram" in this divine strategy. While Samael is busy tormenting Job, questioning his faith, putting him through unimaginable trials… the Israelites are making their escape.

It’s a stunning example of divine chess. A cosmic balancing act where one person's suffering, however unjust, becomes the means for another's salvation. It raises so many questions, doesn’t it? About justice, about sacrifice, about the unseen forces at play in our lives.

We might never fully understand the reasons behind suffering, but this story from Legends of the Jews offers a glimpse into a world where even hardship can be part of a larger, ultimately redemptive plan. It challenges us to consider the unseen battles being fought on our behalf, and perhaps, to find meaning even in the midst of our own trials.

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Legends of the Jews, IV. Moses In Egypt, The Ascension Of MosesLegends of the Jews

The stories surrounding Moses, our great leader and prophet, offer glimpses into just such an experience. It's more than just receiving the Ten Commandments; it's about a complete transformation and a journey into the heart of the Divine.

In Legends of the Jews, the encounter at the burning bush was a deeply personal one. While the other shepherds saw nothing, Moses alone witnessed the vision. He took just five steps closer, and God, seeing his distress over the suffering of Israel, recognized his worthiness.

God considered this carefully. Too loud, and Moses would be frightened. Too soft, and he wouldn't grasp the gravity of the moment. So, God spoke in the voice of Moses' father, Amram. Imagine the relief Moses must have felt, believing his father was still alive!

"Here am I! What is my father's wish?" he replied.

But it wasn't Amram. "I am not thy father," God said, "I but desired to refrain from terrifying thee, therefore I spoke with thy father's voice. I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob."

What a powerful moment! God invoking the patriarchs! And, interestingly, placing Amram's name before theirs! According to Ginzberg's retelling of the Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary), it was as if Amram ranked even higher. Moses, overcome with reverence, covered his face.

When God revealed his mission – to free the Israelites from Egypt – Moses responded with humility, "Who am I, that I should go unto Pharaoh, and bring forth the children of Israel out of Egypt?"

God reassured him, promising to deliver Egypt into his hands and, incredibly, to allow him to ascend to the throne of glory, to gaze upon the angels.

This is where the story takes an extraordinary turn.

God commanded Metatron, the Angel of the Face, to escort Moses to the heavens, accompanied by music, song, and a bodyguard of thirty thousand angels! Can you picture that procession?

Understandably, Moses was terrified. "Who art thou?" he asked Metatron.

"I am Enoch, the son of Jared, thy ancestor," the angel replied, "and God has charged me to accompany thee to His throne." Enoch, as in, the Enoch who, Genesis tells us, "walked with God: and he was not; for God took him." (Genesis 5:24)

But Moses protested, "I am but flesh and blood, and I cannot look upon the countenance of an angel."

So Metatron transformed him! According to the story, Moses' flesh became torches of fire, his eyes became Merkabah (the Divine Chariot) wheels (referencing the Divine chariot described by the prophet Ezekiel), his strength became angelic, and his tongue a flame. He ascended, surrounded by his celestial escort.

The journey through the seven heavens is a breathtaking vision.

In the first heaven, Moses saw streams of water and countless windows, each overseen by angels. Metatron identified them: the window of prayer, of supplication, of weeping, of joy, plenitude, starvation, war, peace, and so on. Every aspect of human experience, it seems, has a celestial counterpart.

In the second heaven, he encountered the angel Nuriel, towering three hundred parasangs (an ancient unit of distance) high, surrounded by fifty myriads of angels made of water and fire, all praising God.

The third heaven revealed an angel so immense it would take five hundred years to climb to his height, with seventy thousand heads, each with mouths and tongues, all extolling the Lord. These were the Erelim, appointed over the natural world.

The fourth heaven held a Temple built of fire and precious stones, where angels sang praises to God. Here, Moses learned of the purpose of Venus and Mars: Venus cools the sun, while Mars warms the moon.

In the fifth heaven, he saw the Ishim, angels of snow and fire in perfect harmony, whose sole purpose was to praise God.

The sixth heaven housed the Irin ve-kadishin, "Watchers" and "Holy Ones," led by an angel made of hail.

Finally, in the seventh heaven, Moses encountered the terrifying angels Af ("Anger") and Hemah ("Wrath"), forged from black and red fire, created to execute God's will. Metatron reassured Moses, calming his fears.

He also saw Samael, the angel of death, and prayed not to fall into his hands. He beheld the seraphim with their six wings, covering their faces and feet in humility before the Shekhinah (Divine Presence), and singing, "Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of hosts; the whole earth is full of His glory."

And he saw the Hayyot, the holy creatures supporting God's throne, and Zagzagel, the prince of the Torah and wisdom, who teaches the Torah in seventy languages. According to the tradition, it was from this angel that Moses learned the ten mysteries!

After witnessing all this, Moses declared, "I will not leave the heavens unless Thou grantest me a gift."

And God replied, "I will give thee the Torah, and men shall call it the Law of Moses."

So, what are we to make of this incredible journey? It’s more than just a fantastical tale. It's a powerful metaphor for spiritual transformation, for overcoming our human limitations to encounter the Divine. Moses’ ascent wasn't just a physical journey; it was a journey of the soul, a preparation for receiving the Torah and leading his people. It reminds us that even in our own lives, we have the potential to rise above our limitations and connect with something greater than ourselves.

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