Temple destruction

18 texts

The destruction of the First and Second Temples, the mourning that followed, and the traditions about what was lost when Jerusalem fell.

Abraham Watches the Temple Burn in a Vision

Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha

The picture in the vision swayed. From its left side, a heathen people emerged. They fell upon those on the right side, the people of Abraham's seed, and pillaged them. Men, women,...

God Warns Baruch That Jerusalem Will Be Destroyed

Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha

The city was already dead. It just hadn't fallen yet. In the twenty-fifth year of King Jeconiah's reign over Judah, the word of God came to Baruch son of Neriah — the faithful scri...

Angels Hide the Temple Vessels Before the Chaldeans Enter

Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha

The Chaldean army surrounded Jerusalem. But the real destruction — the kind that shatters heaven — had already begun inside the walls. On the evening before the siege tightened, Ba...

Baruch Mourns Over the Ruins of Jerusalem

Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha

Two men stood in the ashes of the world. Baruch and Jeremiah — the scribe and the prophet — whose hearts had been found pure from sin, who had not been captured when the city fell....

Ezra Demands to Know Why God Let Babylon Destroy Israel

Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha

Thirty years after Babylon burned Jerusalem to the ground, a man named Ezra lay on his bed in the city of his captors and could not sleep. His thoughts boiled. His heart raged. Bec...

The Mourning Woman Who Transforms into a Shining City

Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha

This is one of the most stunning visions in all of Jewish literature. A grieving woman becomes a city of light. And no one — not even Ezra — sees it coming. God had told Ezra to go...

Nebuchadnezzar Burns the Temple to the Ground

Josephus Josephus

The kingdom that Josiah rebuilt fell apart the moment he died. Josephus records that when Pharaoh Neco marched through Judah on his way to fight the Babylonians at the Euphrates, J...

God Weeps for the Destroyed Temple at Night

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Aggadah

"She weeps bitterly in the night" (Lamentations 1:2). The rabbis asked: who weeps? Jerusalem weeps for her slain, and she weeps for the famine — the horror of mothers who boiled th...

Pesikta Rabbati 31

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Aggadah

Teach us oh, teacher: once the Ninth of Av has ended, is everything permitted? R’ Chiyah the Great taught like this: once the Ninth of Av has ended, one is permitted to do anything...

The Party Invitation That Destroyed Jerusalem

Talmud Aggadah Midrash Aggadah

The destruction of Jerusalem began with a dinner party. According to Gittin 55b, a man threw a banquet and sent his servant to invite his friend Kamtza. The servant brought Bar Kam...

Kamtza and Bar Kamtza Before the Roman Emperor

Talmud Aggadah Midrash Aggadah

After Bar Kamtza's betrayal, the emperor sent Nero to conquer Jerusalem. According to Gittin 56a, Nero arrived and performed a series of divination tests. He shot arrows in every d...

Vespasian Becomes Emperor at the Gates of Jerusalem

Talmud Aggadah Midrash Aggadah

After Vespasian became emperor, his son Titus completed the destruction of Jerusalem. According to Gittin 56b, Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkai's famous encounter with Vespasian included ...

Titus Stabs the Temple Curtain and Blood Pours Out

Talmud Aggadah Midrash Aggadah

Titus entered the Holy of Holies after conquering Jerusalem and committed an act of deliberate sacrilege. According to Gittin 57a, he unrolled a Torah scroll on the altar, brought ...

The Fate of Rome's Enemies in the Afterlife

Talmud Aggadah Midrash Aggadah

After the destruction of the Temple, Nebuzaradan, captain of the Babylonian guard under Nebuchadnezzar, found blood bubbling up from the ground in Jerusalem. According to Gittin 57...

The Beautiful Children Taken Captive to Rome

Talmud Aggadah Midrash Aggadah

The verse calls them "the precious sons of Zion, comparable to fine gold" (Lamentations 4:2). According to Gittin 58a, the Jewish children taken captive to Rome after the Temple's ...

The 613 Commandments Reduced to One Principle

Talmud Aggadah Midrash Aggadah

Rabbi Simlai made one of the most ambitious claims in the entire Talmud. He said: 613 commandments were given to Moses at Sinai—365 prohibitions corresponding to the days of the so...

Why Rabbi Akiva Laughed at the Foxes on the Temple Mount

Talmud Aggadah Midrash Aggadah

Four rabbis were walking away from the ruins of Jerusalem. When they reached Mount Scopus and saw the destroyed Temple, they tore their garments. When they arrived at the Temple Mo...

The Fall of Beitar and the Blood That Flowed

Midrash Rabbah Midrash Rabbah

Rabbi Pinhas said in the name of Rabbi Hoshaya: There were four hundred and eighty synagogues in Jerusalem before the destruction. The number came from a single verse — "filled wit...